HUO Yizhen,WANG Wenda,HAN Cuilian,et al.Effects of Irrigation Quota on Maize Yield Traits and Water Use Efficiency Under Mulched Drip Irrigation in Hetao Irrigation Distract[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2020,27(05):182-187.
河套灌区灌溉定额对膜下滴灌玉米生产性状及水分利用效率的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Irrigation Quota on Maize Yield Traits and Water Use Efficiency Under Mulched Drip Irrigation in Hetao Irrigation Distract
- 文章编号:
- 1005-3409(2020)05-0182-06
- Keywords:
- mulched drip irrigation; plant height; leaf area index; aboveground biomass accumulation; SPAD; yield; water use efficiency
- 分类号:
- S274.1
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 为评价膜下滴灌在河套灌区玉米种植过程中的适宜性,同时筛选出适宜灌区的滴灌灌溉定额。试验以传统漫灌CK(358 mm)为对照,设置不同滴灌灌溉定额DP1(180 mm)、DP2(200 mm)、DP3(220 mm)、DP4(240 mm)和DP5(260 mm)共5个处理,系统研究了不同处理对玉米全生育期内株高、叶面积指数、地上部生物量累积量、叶片SPAD值及产量和水分利用效率的影响。结果表明:各滴灌处理玉米生产指标及水分利用效率均显著高于传统漫灌处理。随滴灌灌溉定额的增加,玉米株高、叶面积指数、地上部生物量累积量和SPAD均呈显著增加趋势,整体表现为处理DP5>DP4>DP3>DP2>DP1,但各指标DP4和DP5间差异性不显著,说明当灌溉量达到一定值时,继续增加灌溉水量对玉米生长指标影响大幅减弱。膜下滴灌显著提高了玉米产量和水分利用效率,且以处理DP4增加最显著,产量分别较处理CK,DP1,DP2,DP3和DP5高56.06%,40.37%,33.67%,6.50%和5.48%,水分利用效率高149.05%,26.56%,25.22%,5.82%和12.44%。综合分析该地区玉米膜下滴灌灌溉定额以240 mm为宜。
- Abstract:
- In order to evaluate the suitability of mulched drip irrigation for maize planting in Hetao Irrigation Distract, and screen suitable irrigation quota, five treatments of different drip irrigation quotas including DP1(180 mm), DP2(200 mm), DP3(220 mm), DP4(240 mm)and DP5(260 mm)were set up, and traditional flooding irrigation(358 mm)was set as the control. The effects of different treatments on plant height, leaf area index, aboveground biomass accumulation, leaf SPAD value, yield, and water use efficiency during the whole growth period of maize were systematically measured. The results show that: the yield and water use efficiency of maize treated by drip irrigation were significantly higher than traditional flooding irrigation; with the increase of drip irrigation quota, the plant height, leaf area index, aboveground biomass accumulation and SPAD all show the significant increase, and the overall performance decreases in the order: DP5>DP4>DP3>DP2>DP1; however, the difference between DP4 and DP5 is not significant, indicating that when the irrigation amount reaches a certain value, the effect of continuous increase of irrigation water on maize growth index greatly weakens; mulched drip irrigation significantly increases maize yield and water use efficiency, and DP4 increases these indeices most significantly, the yields are 56.06%, 40.37%, 33.67%, 6.50% and 5.48% higher than those of CK, DP1, DP2, DP3 and DP5, respectively; the water use efficiency increases by 149.05%, 26.56%, 25.22%, 5.82% and 12.44%, respectively. Comprehensive analysis indicates that 240 mm irrigation quota of maize mulched drip irrigation in this area is more suitable.
参考文献/References:
[1]田德龙.河套灌区盐分胁迫下水肥耦合效应机理及模拟研究[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2011.
[2]范雅君,吕志远,田德龙,等.河套灌区玉米膜下滴灌灌溉制度研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2015,33(1):123-129.
[3]田德龙,李熙婷,郭克贞,等.河套灌区地下滴灌对紫花苜蓿生长特性的影响[J].节水灌溉,2015(5):16-19.
[4]张昊,郝春雷,孟繁盛,等.膜下滴灌条件下不同灌水量对玉米产量及土壤水分的影响[J].作物杂志,2018,32(1):105-109.
[5]杨宏羽,李欣,王波,等.膜下滴灌油葵土壤水热高效利用及高产效应[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(8):82-88.
[6]李长照,刘庆华,仲爽.玉米膜下滴灌土层增温效果的研究[J].东北农业大学学报,2009,40(10):49-51.
[7]刘梅先,杨劲松,李晓明,等.膜下滴灌条件下滴水量和滴水频率对棉田土壤水分分布及水分利用效率的影响[J].应用生态学报,2011,22(12):3203-3210.
[8]夏桂敏,褚凤英,陈俊秀,等.基于膜下滴灌的不同灌水量对黑花生产量及水分利用效率的影响[J].沈阳农业大学学报,2015,46(1):119-123.
[9]Sezen S M, Yazar A, Eker S. Effect of drip irrigation regimes on yield and quality of field grown bell pepper[J]. Agricultural Water Management, 2006,81(1/2):115-131.
[10]葛宇,何新林,王振华,等.滴灌灌水量对复播油葵耗水特性和产量的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2012,31(3):111-113.
[11]王自奎.小麦/玉米间作复合群体光能和水分传输利用试验与模拟研究[D].陕西杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2015.
[12]郭彦芬,霍轶珍,韩翠莲,等.不同覆盖方式对玉米生长发育及土壤水分动态变化的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2017,45(6):72-74.
[13]井涛.膜下滴灌马铃薯生长发育规律及其对水氮的响应[D].内蒙古呼和浩特市:内蒙古农业大学,2014.
[14]赵靖丹,李瑞平,史海滨,等.滴灌条件下地膜覆盖对玉米田间土壤水热效应的影响[J].节水灌溉,2016(1):6-9,15.
[15]康静,黄兴法.膜下滴灌的研究及发展[J].节水灌溉,2013(9):71-74.
[16]李媛媛,杨恒山,张瑞富,等.灌溉定额对浅埋滴灌春玉米生长与产量的影响[J].水土保持通报,2017,35(2):315-318.
[17]郑和祥,郭克贞,郝万龙.作物生长指标与土壤水分状况及地温关系研究[J].水土保持研究,2011,18(3):210-216.
[18]郭维.黑龙江省西部玉米膜下滴灌试验研究[D].哈尔滨; 东北农业大学,2010.
[19]田育丰.限量灌溉和施氮水平对春玉米生长及生理特性的影响[J].广西农业科学,2010,41(10):1055-1057.
[20]Saeed I A M, EI-Nadi A H. Forage sorghum yield and water use efficiency under variable irrigation[J]. Irrigation Science, 1998,18(2):67-71.
相似文献/References:
[1]万素梅,胡守林,翟云龙.膜下滴灌棉花土壤水分动态变化研究[J].水土保持研究,2007,14(01):90.
WAN Su-mei,HU Shou-lin,ZHAI Yun-long.Studies on the Dynamic Change of Soil Water of Cotton With Drip Irrigation[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2007,14(05):90.
[2]魏光辉,董新光,杨鹏年,等.棉花膜下滴灌土壤盐分运移规律分析[J].水土保持研究,2009,16(06):162.
WEI Guang-hui,DONG Xin-guang,YANG Peng-nian,et al.Study on Soil Salt Movement in Drip Irrigation of Cotton Under the Plastic Mulch[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2009,16(05):162.
[3]弋鹏飞,虎胆·吐马尔白,吴争光,等.棉田膜下滴灌年限对土壤盐分累积的影响研究[J].水土保持研究,2010,17(05):118.
YI Peng-fei,WU Zheng-guang,WANG Yi-min,et al.Research on Soil Salt Accumulation Influence by the Years of Covered Cotton under Drip Irrigation[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2010,17(05):118.
[4]闫映宇,林新慧.灌溉方式对土壤水分运动参数的影响[J].水土保持研究,2011,18(04):160.
YAN Ying-yu,LIN Xin-hui.Effects of Irrigation Modes on Soil Hydraulic Properties[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2011,18(05):160.
[5]闫映宇.塔里木灌区膜下滴灌的棉花需水量及节水效益[J].水土保持研究,2016,23(01):123.
YAN Yingyu.Cotton Water Requirements and Water Saving Benefit Under Mulched Drip Irrigation in Tarim Irrigated Area[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2016,23(05):123.
[6]宋有玺,安进强,何岸镕,等.微咸水膜下滴灌对棉花生长发育及其产量的影响研究[J].水土保持研究,2016,23(01):128.
SONG Youxi,AN Jinqiang,HE Anrong,et al.Effect of Mulched Drip Irrigation with Saline Water on Cotton Growth and Yield[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2016,23(05):128.
[7]孙林,罗毅.长期滴灌棉田土壤盐分演变趋势预测研究[J].水土保持研究,2013,20(01):186.
SUN Lin,LUO Yi.Study on the Evolution Trends of Soil Salinity in Cotton Field under Long-term Drip Irrigation[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2013,20(05):186.
[8]唐光木,何红,杨金钰,等.灌溉定额对膜下滴灌玉米生理性状及产量的影响[J].水土保持研究,2014,21(03):293.
TANG Guang-mu,HE Hong,YANG Jin-yu,et al.Effect of Irrigation Quota on Physiological Characteristic and Yield in Drip Irrigation under Mulch of Maize[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2014,21(05):293.
[9]徐宝山,贾生海,雒天峰,等.膜下滴灌不同灌水定额对玉米根系生长的影响[J].水土保持研究,2014,21(05):272.
XU Bao-shan,JIA Sheng-hai,LUO Tian-feng,et al.Effect of Different Drip Irrigation Schedule under Mulch on Root Distribution of Maize[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2014,21(05):272.
[10]戴良香,宋文武,丁红,等.开花期补充水肥对花生田土壤水分、氮磷养分时空变化特征的影响[J].水土保持研究,2018,25(05):41.
DAI Liangxiang,SONG Wenwu,DING Hong,et al.Effect of Irrigation with Fertilizer on Spatial-Temporal Variation of Soil Moisture, Nitrogen and Phosphorus Contents at Flowering Stage in Peanut Field[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2018,25(05):41.
备注/Memo
收稿日期:2018-07-11修回日期:2019-08-16
资助项目:“十三五”国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0400205); 内蒙古自治区高等学校创新团队发展计划(NMGIRT-B1611); 巴彦淖尔市科技局支助项目(2017K54); 乌梁素海流域山水林田湖草生态保护修复试点工程支持项目(2019HYYSZX)
第一作者:霍轶珍(1966—),女,内蒙古巴彦淖尔市人,教授,主要从事节水灌溉技术研究。E-mail:805296445@qq.com
通信作者:王文达(1982—),男,内蒙古巴彦淖尔市人,副教授,主要从事节水灌溉技术研究。E-mail:hyz6998@163.com