YI Peng-fei,WU Zheng-guang,WANG Yi-min,et al.Research on Soil Salt Accumulation Influence by the Years of Covered Cotton under Drip Irrigation[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2010,17(05):118-122.
棉田膜下滴灌年限对土壤盐分累积的影响研究
- Title:
- Research on Soil Salt Accumulation Influence by the Years of Covered Cotton under Drip Irrigation
- Keywords:
- cotton field; drip irrigation under the mulching; soil salinity; growth period; different years; accumulation
- 分类号:
- S156.41
- 摘要:
- 针对新疆土壤盐碱化开发利用和防治土壤次生盐渍化的问题，以新疆121团不同滴灌年限棉田作为研究对象，通过试验得出棉田在膜下滴灌条件下土壤盐分累积规律。结果表明：滴灌条件下，土壤垂直方向上60-80 cm土壤表现积盐，灌后地表0-5 cm土壤容易返盐；水平方向上土壤盐分随着距滴头距离的增加而增加。土壤盐分在生育期的变化遵循“盐随水动”的规律，膜内土壤与膜间土壤的盐分变化具有明显差别，生育期结束时，膜间0-20 cm土层盐分累积显著。随着膜下滴灌年限的延长，土壤盐分在灌前累积的层次逐渐向地表迁移，吐絮期时土壤垂直剖面各个层次之间盐分差异极显著，呈现表层和底端盐分含量大，中间盐分小的分布特征，滴灌年限相差6～7 a的棉田0-100 cm深度内盐分总量差异达到显著水平，并且土壤盐分随膜下滴灌年限延长呈逐渐累积的趋势。
- Abstract:
- A field investigation was conducted to study the effect of mulch drip irrigation years on the characteristics of the soil salinity accumulation. The results showed that the salt content was significantly increased in 60-80 cm layers compared to other layers at the vertical direction, and the back up of the salt was easily observed in the 0-5 cm layers after irrigation. Further, a positive relationship was presented between the salt content and the distance from the dripper. The study also revealed that the soil salinity varied evidently together with water, namely that ‘salt moving with water’. In the growth period, an obvious difference was found between inside film and outside film, and the 0-20 cm layer salt was accumulated significantly at the end of growth period. In general, the longer the drip irrigation last, the easier the accumulated layer of salt moved to the up earth before irrigation, and the soil salinity showed extremely significant difference in soil layers at the boll opening stage, salt content of upper and lower section were large, while the central section was small. The salt was significant difference between 6～7 years distances of cotton field. The result of this study suggested that long term drip irrigation system might lead an increasing tendency of the soil salinity.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2010-3-29;改回日期:2006-2-9。
基金项目:国家科技支撑项目（2007BAD38B01）；新疆自治区科技攻关重大专项（200731137-1）；新疆自治区自然科学基金（200821172）；新疆水利水电工程重点学科资助
作者简介:弋鹏飞（1984- ）男，新疆福海县人，硕士研究生，研究方向为农业水土工程。E-mail：yipengfei123@126.com
通讯作者:虎胆·吐马尔白（1960- ）男，教授，博士，博导，研究方向为土壤水盐运移理论及节水灌溉理论。E-mail：hudant@hotmail.com