BAO Wei-jia,CHENG Xian-fu,CHEN Xu-dong.Effect of Horizontal Resolution of Raster DEM on Drainage Basin Characteristics[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2011,18(02):129-132,138.
DEM水平分辨率对流域特征提取的影响分析
- Title:
- Effect of Horizontal Resolution of Raster DEM on Drainage Basin Characteristics
- Keywords:
- DEM; small watershed; horizontal resolution; drainage basin characteristic; topographic index
- 分类号:
- TP79
- 摘要:
- 在基于数字高程模型（DEM）的流域地形分析中，栅格DEM的分辨率对分析结果具有很大的影响。以舒城县内面积为7.9 km2的龙潭小流域作为研究区域，分别对分辨率为5 m×；5 m～50 m×；50 m的10幅DEM数据进行流域特征提取和分析，计算地形指数并分析其分布特征。研究表明：在小流域尺度上，DEM分辨率的变化对流域面积、最长河道长度等参数影响不大，对河道总长度、河网密度及平均坡度等参数有较大影响，对流域特征的提取影响规律为DEM分辨率越低，提取的流域特征越粗糙；且分辨率低于15 m的DEM计算出的地形指数值较为离散、概率分布曲线形状较之5 m分辨率DEM的地形指数概率分布曲线有明显不同，表明分辨率低于15 m的DEM对小流域水文地形信息的反映较差，为小流域尺度水文模型DEM数据适宜分辨率选取提供一定的理论依据。
- Abstract:
- Based on digital elevation model (DEM) of the watershed terrain analysis, raster DEM resolution on the results of the analysis has great impact. In this paper, taking Longtan small watershed inupstream of the Hangpu river basin as an example, by means of ten different spatial resolution DEMs of the study watershed from 5 m to 50 m respectively, the basin characteristics were extracted with ArcHydro Tools to investigate the effects of DEMs in different spatial resolution on the performance of the simulations induced by the topographic characteristic parameters. The statistical results showed no evident different derived in the watershed area and longest channel length retrieval from different resolution DEMs, but greater differences were found in total channel length and channel density extractions in small watershed scale. The change of channel density tends to be stable when DEM resolution is lower than 15 m. Compared the extracted results under different resolution of DEMs, it was found that the bigger size of DEM raster is, the more rough extraction of watershed characteristics are. For examining the distribution Curves of Topographic Index (TI) calculated by different grid resolution, it was found that TI was influenced by DEM resolution, TI fluctuates evenly when the highest resolution DEM was employed, but considerably with the poorest resolution DEM being used. The distribution curves of TI calculated by lower than 15 m grid resolution were more discrete and had large different from the highest resolution DEM being used, which implies its potential usage in Suitable resolution selection.
参考文献/References:
[1] 汤国安, 赵牡丹, 曹菡.DEM地形描述误差空间结构分析[J].西北大学学报:自然科学版, 2000, 30 (4):349-352.
[2] 刘学军, 卢华兴, 卞璐.基于DEM的河网提取算法的比较[J].水利学报, 2006, 37 (9):1134-1141.
[3] Callaghan F, Mark D M. The extraction of drainage networks from digital elevation data[J]. Computer Vision, Graphics and Image Processing, 1984, 28:323-344.
[4] 吴险峰, 刘昌明, 王中根.栅格DEM的水平分辨率对流域特征的影响分析[J].自然资源学报, 2003, 18 (2):148-154.
[5] 易卫华, 张建明, 匡永生.水平分辨率对DEM流域特征提取的影响[J].地理与地理信息科学, 2007, 23 (2):34-38.
[6] Quinn P F, Beven K J, Lamb R.The ln (α/tanβ) index:how to calulate it and how to use it within the TOPMODEL framework[J].Hydeological Processes, 1995, 9:161-182.
[7] 庄永忠, 廖学诚, 詹进发.不同网格解析度与流向演算法对莲华池集水区地形指标之影响[J].地理学报 (台湾) , 2007, (50):73-100.
[8] 解河海, 黄国如.地形指数若干计算方法探讨[J].河海大学学报:自然科学版, 2006, 34 (1):46-50.
[9] 唐从国, 刘丛强.基于Arc Hydro Tools 的流域特征自动提取:以贵州省内乌江流域为例[J].地球与环境, 2006, 34 (3):30-37.
[10] Hellweger F. AGREE-DEM Surface Reconditioning System[DB/OL]. http://www.ce.utexas.edu/prof/maidment/ferdi/ferdi/research/agree, 1996.
[11] 李丽, 郝振纯.基于DEM的流域特征提取综述[J].地球科学进展, 2003, 18 (2):251-256.
[12] Bin Yong, Wan Changzhang, Guo Yueniu. Spatial statistical properties and scale transform analyses on the topographic index derived from DEMs in China[J]. Computers & Geosciences, 2009 (35):592-602.
[13] 孔凡哲, 李莉莉.利用DEM提取河网时集水面积阈值的确定[J].水电能源科学, 2005, 23 (4):65-67.
[14] Beven K J, Kirkby N J.A physically based variable contributing area model of basin hydrology[J].Hydrological Sciences Bulletin, 1979, 24 (1):43-69.
[15] 邓慧平, 李秀彬.地形指数的物理意义分析[J].地理科学进展, 2002, 21 (2):103-110.
相似文献/References:
[1]盛东,李桂元,徐义军.湖南省小流域生态安全综合评价指标体系研究[J].水土保持研究,2010,17(02):58.
SHENG Dong,LI Gui-yuan,XU Yi-jun.Evaluation Index System of Ecological Security in the Watershed of Hu’nan Province[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2010,17(02):58.
[2]李忠武,黄金权,李裕元,等.基于GIS的南方红壤丘陵区小流域汇流网络提取研究[J].水土保持研究,2009,16(06):84.
LI Zhong-wu,HUANG Jin-quan,LI Yu-yuan,et al.Extraction of Drainage Structure for a Small Watershed in the Red Soil Regions in Southern China Based on GIS[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2009,16(02):84.
[3]辜世贤.藏东典型小流域水土流失治理模式研究[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(06):86.
GU Shi-xian.Study on the Soil and Water Loss Control Model of the Typical Watershed in the Eastern Tibet[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(02):86.
[4]孙莉英,蔡强国,陈生永,等.东北典型黑土区小流域水土流失综合防治体系[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(03):36.
SUN Li-ying,CAI Qiang-guo,CHEN Sheng-yong,et al.Integrated Governing System on Soil and Water Loss of Small Watersheds in a Typical Black Soil Region of Northeast China[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(02):36.
[5]段菊卿.小流域淤地坝建设的水土保持效益浅析[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(01):144.
DUAN Ju-qing.Analysis on Benefits of Soil and Water Conservation from Check Dam in Small Watershed[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(02):144.
[6]孙保平,赵廷宁,齐实.USLE在西吉县黄土丘陵沟壑区的应用[J].水土保持研究,1990,(02):50.
Sun Baoping,Zhao Tingning,Qi Shi.Application of USLE in Loessial Gully Hill Area[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1990,(02):50.
[7]赵安成.陇东黄土高原沟壑区典型小流域治理模式剖析[J].水土保持研究,1994,1(01):45.
Zhao Ancheng.Analysis of Control Models of Typical Small Watershedin Gully Area of Loess Plateau, the East Part of Gansu Province[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1994,1(02):45.
[8]陈法扬,朱代洪.王禾丘小流域土地资源评价[J].水土保持研究,1995,2(01):65.
Chen Fayang,Zhu Daihong.The Evaluation of Land Resources on Wang Heqiu Small Watershed[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1995,2(02):65.
[9]吴长文,陈法扬.水土流失引起的生态经济失调及其系统调控[J].水土保持研究,1995,2(01):80.
Wu Changwen,Chen Fayang.The Fragility of Eco-economic System Induced by Soil and Water Loss and the Regulation of Its System[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1995,2(02):80.
[10]刘志,江忠善.黄土高原小流域土壤侵蚀信息系统建立与应用的研究 1．土壤侵蚀信息系统设计[J].水土保持研究,1996,3(02):169.
Liu Zhi,Jiang Zhongshan.Study on Establishment and Application of Soil Erosion Information Management System for Small Watershed of the Loess Plateau 1. Design Of Soil Erosion Information System[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1996,3(02):169.
备注/Memo
收稿日期:2010-8-30;改回日期:2010-9-30。
基金项目:安徽省自然地理学重点学科（AH021）；安徽省自然科学基金项目（090415212）
作者简介:鲍伟佳（1986- ），男，安徽南陵人，硕士研究生，主要从事地理信息系统软件开发与应用研究。E-mail：ric_bob@163.com
通讯作者:程先富（1967- ），男，安徽合肥人，教授，博士，主要从事农业资源与信息技术的教学与研究工作。E-mail：xianfucheng@sina.com