JU Li,LI Fucheng.Effects of Rotary Tillage on Vertical Distribution Patterns of SOC and Total Nitrogen in Purple Soil[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2019,26(05):7-13.
旋耕机耕作对紫色土碳氮垂直分布过程的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Rotary Tillage on Vertical Distribution Patterns of SOC and Total Nitrogen in Purple Soil
- Keywords:
- soil; tillage erosion; magnetic tracer; tillage translocation; tillage direction; soil organic carbon
- 分类号:
- S157.1;S153.6
- 摘要:
- 利用在土壤表面人为添加钛铁矿粉以示踪表层土壤垂直和顺坡再分配过程，通过对比耕作前与模拟耕作20次、40次土壤有机碳和全氮垂直分布特征，研究紫色土旋耕机等高耕作所产生的土壤顺坡和垂直搬运耦合作用对有机碳、全氮垂直分布过程的影响机制。结果显示：强烈耕作后坡顶侵蚀深度超过原土壤剖面厚度，但土壤剖面厚度依然与耕作深度相当，这是由于耕作对坡顶土壤起着顺坡搬运（耕作侵蚀）和垂直搬运（破碎母岩）的双重作用。磁性示踪剂的深度分布显示出耕作引起表层土壤垂直向下迁移，但不同坡位垂直分布机制不同。坡顶土壤有机碳和全氮浓度明显减小，这是由于强烈的耕作侵蚀向下坡搬运耕层土壤，同时耕作垂直搬运引起母岩碎屑向耕层混入产生稀释作用；坡趾表层0—5 cm土壤有机碳和全氮浓度减小，但是5—20 cm明显增加，表明耕作侵蚀引起来自上坡的低浓度土壤在坡趾堆积。这些结果表明旋耕机等高耕作下土壤同时发生顺坡传输与垂直迁移，两者相互作用导致耕作侵蚀区和耕作沉积区呈现出明显不同的有机碳、全氮垂直分布模式。
- Abstract:
- The ilmenite powder was artificially added to the soil surface to trace the vertical and downslope redistribution process of surface soil. By comparing the vertical distribution characteristics of soil organic carbon and total nitrogen before tillage, the coupling effects of vertical and lateral transfers of soil by rotary tillage on vertical distribution of soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) in purple soil are revealed after 20 and 40 simulated tillage operations. The erosion depth exceeds the original soil layer thickness at the summit of the slope, but the soil layer thickness is still the same as the tillage depth after intensive tillage due to the dual roles of tillage:translocation of soil along the slope and vertical transfer of soil or rock fragments. The depth distribution of soil magnetic susceptibility shows that tillage causes the vertical downward movement of the soil. The intensive tillage leads to the vertically downward transfer of SOC, but vertical redistribution patterns differ from one another at different slope positions. Due to upward migration of rock fragments and downslope transport of soil, SOC concentrations reduce significantly at the summit positions of the slope. SOC in the surface layer (0-5 cm) decreases at the toeslope position, but it increases significantly in 5-20 cm layer, because intensive tillage translocates the soil with low concentrations of SOC and TN derived from upper position of slope. These results suggest that the soil vertical movement interacting with the downslope movement under contour tillage by rotary cultivator results in significant different vertical distribution patterns of SOC and TN in the tillage erosion area and tillage deposition area.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2018-12-14;改回日期:2019-01-16。
基金项目:四川省财政专项“紫色土坡耕地水土保持耕作关键技术研究”（206040217123）；国家自然科学基金（41401301）；国家留学基金资助项目（201809390004）
作者简介:巨莉(1985-),女,四川雅安人,博士,高级工程师,主要从事土壤侵蚀与水土保持研究。E-mail:juyongmei@126.com
通讯作者:李富程(1982-),男,吉林蛟河人,博士,副教授,主要从事农业生态与水土保持研究。E-mail:lfckind@163.com