[1]霍轶珍,银花,韩翠莲,等.施用有机肥及地膜覆盖对春玉米土壤温度及水分利用效率的影响[J].水土保持研究,2018,25(05):211-215.
　HUO Yizhen,YIN Hua,HAN Cuilian,et al.Effects of Organic Fertilizer and Plastic Film Mulching on Soil Temperature and Water Use Efficiency of Spring Maize[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2018,25(05):211-215.
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施用有机肥及地膜覆盖对春玉米土壤温度及水分利用效率的影响

《水土保持研究》[ISSN:1005-3409/CN:61-1272/P] 卷: 25 期数: 2018年05期 页码: 211-215 栏目: 出版日期: 2018-09-06
Title:
Effects of Organic Fertilizer and Plastic Film Mulching on Soil Temperature and Water Use Efficiency of Spring Maize
作者:
霍轶珍1,2, 银花1,2, 韩翠莲1,2, 李芳树3, 郭少峰1,2
1. 内蒙古自治区河套灌区灌溉排水工程技术研究中心, 内蒙古 巴彦淖尔市 015000;
2. 内蒙古河套学院 土木工程系, 内蒙古 巴彦淖尔市 015000;
3. 内蒙古自治区镫口扬水灌区管理局, 内蒙古 包头市 010020
Author(s):
HUO Yizhen1,2, YIN Hua1,2, HAN Cuilian1,2, LI Fangshu3, GUO Shaofeng1,2
1. Irrigation and Drainage Engineering Technology Research Center, Hetao Irrigation District, Bayannur, Inner Mongolia 015000, China;
2. Department of Civil Engineering, Hetao University, Bayannur, Inner Mongolia 015000, China;
3. Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Dengkou Pumping Irrigation Area Management Bureau, Baotou, Inner Mongolia 010020, China
关键词:
地膜覆盖; 有机肥; 土壤温度; 耗水量; 产量; 水分利用效率; 春玉米; 河套灌区
Keywords:
plastic film mulching; organic fertilizer; soil temperature; water consumption; yield; water use efficiency; wpring maize; Hetao Irrigation District
分类号:
S152.8
摘要:
为探究有机肥在河套灌区春玉米种植过程中的适宜性，试验设置施用有机肥、地膜覆盖、有机肥+地膜和对照（不施肥、不覆膜）共4个处理，系统研究了不同处理对春玉米土壤温度、耗水规律、产量及水分利用效率的影响。结果表明：地膜覆盖可显著提高春玉米生育前期的土壤温度，促进春玉米的生长发育，而生育后期的高温季节具有一定的降温效应，避免作物遭受高温的危害；施用有机肥后可一定程度上抑制春玉米生育前期的土壤增温效果，避免了植株生长过盛现象的发生，而生育后期增温效果显著，有利于春玉米籽粒的灌浆成熟；春玉米全生育期内施用有机肥、地膜覆盖和有机肥+地膜处理耗水量平均较对照处理高9.80%，18.05%和18.36%，差异性显著（p<0.05），且在拔节至抽雄吐丝期达到了全生育期的峰值，为春玉米产量的提高奠定了基础；各处理较对照处理均显著提高了春玉米的产量和水分利用效率，且以有机肥+地膜处理增幅最大，两项指标平均较对照处理高31.01%和10.69%。综合来看，有机肥+地膜的种植模式较适宜在灌区春玉米种植过程中推广应用。
Abstract:
In order to explore the suitability of organic fertilizer in spring maize planting process in Hetao Irrigation District. Four treatments including organic fertilizer, plastic film mulching, organic fertilizer + plastic film and control (no organic fertilizer, no plastic film) were set up to study the effects of different treatments on soil temperature, water consumption, yield and water use efficiency of spring maize of Hetao Irrigation District systematically on the basis of field experiments. The results showed that plastic film mulching could significantly increase soil temperature in the early growth stage of spring maize, promote the growth and development of spring maize, in the high temperature season, film much had a certain cooling effect to avoid the crop suffering from high temperature the late growth stage of maize. Applying organic fertilizer could inhibit the warming effect of spring maize in earlier period, and avoid the phenomenon of excessive growth of plant, and the effect of increasing temperature was significant at the late growth stage, which is beneficial to grain filling maturity of spring maize. During the whole growth period of spring maize, the average water consumption in the treatments of organic fertilizer, plastic film mulching and organic fertilizer plus plastic film was 9.80%, 18.05% and 18.36% higher than those of control treatment, and the difference was significant (p < 0.05), which reached the peak value at jointing to the silking stage in terms of the whole growth period, and laid the foundation for the improvement of spring maize yield. Compared with control treatment, the yield and water use efficiency of wheat significantly increased in all treatments, they increased significantly in the treatments of organic fertilizer + mulching treatment. The yield and water use efficiency were 31.01% and 10.69% higher than those of the control. On the whole, the planting pattern of organic fertilizer + mulch film is more suitable to be used in spring maize planting process.

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备注/Memo

收稿日期:2017-09-17;改回日期:2017-11-06。
基金项目:“十三五”国家重点研发计划（2016YFC0400205）；内蒙古自治区高等学校创新团队发展计划（NMGIRT-B1611）；内蒙古自治区教育厅自然科学资助项目（NJZY16335）
作者简介:霍轶珍(1966-),女,内蒙古巴彦淖尔市人,教授,主要从事节水灌溉技术研究。E-mail:805296445@qq.com
通讯作者:银花(1967-),女,内蒙古巴彦淖尔市人,讲师,主要从事节水灌溉技术研究。E-mail:nmgyh1967@163.com

更新日期/Last Update: 1900-01-01