DUAN Zheng,SONG Xian-feng,SHI Min-jun.Changes of Spatial Landscape Pattern and Driving Forces in Miyun County During 1992-2006[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2009,16(05):55-59.
密云县土地利用景观格局时空变化及驱动力分析
- Title:
- Changes of Spatial Landscape Pattern and Driving Forces in Miyun County During 1992-2006
- Keywords:
- remote sensing image; land use; landscape pattern; Miyun county
- 分类号:
- F301.24;TI79
- 摘要:
- 利用GIS/RS技术对密云县的1992年、1999年TM/ETM和2006年中巴资源卫星（CBERS-1）遥感影像进行土地利用分类，运用景观生态学原理并结合社会经济调查数据，从景观类型水平和景观水平2个层次，选取斑块面积、斑块面积比重、平均斑块分维度、景观多样性指数、景观均匀度和景观优势度等景观格局指数，分析密云县1992-2006年间的土地利用景观格局变化规律及其驱动因素。结果表明：密云县1992-2006的14 a间耕地、草地、水域和未利用土地面积呈减少趋势，林地和建筑用地面积呈增加趋势，各个景观类型的面积比重和复杂性差异显著。区域气候变化、人口结构变化、产业界格局调整和环境保护政策等因素是引起密云县景观格局发生显著变化的主要驱动力，这些因素使得密云县整体景观异质性降低、优势度上升，尤其是林地支配地位得到进一步增强、生态环境稳步改善。但是水体面积因多年干旱而锐减，水域景观亟待加强保护和治理。
- Abstract:
- Based on the land use maps interpreted from remote sensing images taken in 1992,1999 and 2006,the changes of landuse and landscape in Miyun County during 1992 to 2006 were studied at aspects of landscape pattern and landscape level using the landscape indices such as fractal dimension,landscape diversity,eveness and dominance and so on.The results show that spatial landscape pattern has changed significantly during the research phase.That is,the woodland and construction land area increased while the cropland,grassland,water area and unused land decreased.The cropland decreased by 118.07km2 from 1992 to 2006,the woodland has become the landscape matrix of Miyun County,which reached 50.75%,58.98% and 63.91% in the three phases respectively.The area of water body changed little from 1992 to 1999,but decreased by 57.14km2 in the period between 1999 and 2006.The construction area almost doubled over the three stages with a total area of 72.45km2 in 1992 while 141.28km2 in 2006.According to the mean fractal dimension indices,the complexities of the woodland,cropland and construction land decreased,while increased those of the grassland,water area and unused land which indicated that the degree of management from human was enhanced.At the landscape level,the landscape Shannon’s diversity index decreased from 1.2068 to 1.1099 and the eveness index increased to 0.6818,which indicated that the landscape heterogeneity reduced and the capacity of dominating the whole landscape by woodland was enhanced.Through the analysis of data collection of economic and social statistics,we finally conclude that dynamic change of landscape pattern is highly related to regional climate change,population structure,industrial pattern and environmental protection policy.In conclusion,the ecological environment in Miyun County was improved significantly due to the reasonable policy and soil and water conservation measures,however,the water-body area has shrinked dramatically due to long-term drought,so a great attention should be paid to the planning of water use.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2009-4-27;
基金项目:日本粟田水与环境基金项目（19701）;国家自然科学基金委创新研究群体科学基金项目（70621001）
作者简介:段峥(1985-)，男，河南扶沟人，硕士研究生，主要从事地理信息系统及遥感应用研究。E-mail：duanzheng2008@163.com
通讯作者:宋现锋(1969-)，男，河北吴桥人，博士，副教授，研究方向为环境地理信息系统。E-mail：xfsong@gucas.ac.cn