[1]胡霞,李顺江,蔡强国,等.聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)对黄土溅蚀的影响[J].水土保持研究,2009,16(05):51-54,59.
　HU Xia,LI Shun-jiang,CAI Qiang-guo,et al.Impact of Polyacrylamide on Soil Splash Erosion[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2009,16(05):51-54,59.
点击复制

聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)对黄土溅蚀的影响

《水土保持研究》[ISSN:1005-3409/CN:61-1272/P] 卷: 16 期数: 2009年05期 页码: 51-54,59 栏目: 出版日期: 2009-10-20
Title:
Impact of Polyacrylamide on Soil Splash Erosion
作者:
胡霞1,2, 李顺江3, 蔡强国4, 蔡崇法5, 张光远5, 朱远达4
1. 环境演变与自然灾害教育部重点是实验室, 北京师范大学, 北京 100875;
2. 减灾与应急管理研究院, 北京师范大学, 北京 100875;
3. 北京市农林科学院植物营养与资源研究所, 北京 100097;
4. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 北京 100101;
5. 华中农业大学, 资环学院, 武汉 430070
Author(s):
HU Xia1,2, LI Shun-jiang3, CAI Qiang-guo4, CAI Chong-fa5, ZHANG Guang-yuan5, ZHU Yuan-da4
1. Key Laboratory of Environment Change and Natural Disaster, Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;
2. Academy of Disaster Reduction and Emergency, Management, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;
3. Institute of Plant Nutrition and Resources, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
关键词:
聚丙烯酰胺(PAM); 人工模拟降雨; 土壤溅蚀
Keywords:
Polyacrylamide; rainfall simulating; soil splash erosion
分类号:
S157;S156
摘要:
采用人工模拟降雨方法，用摩根溅蚀盘测定土壤的溅蚀量，研究聚丙烯酰胺（PAM）对溅蚀的影响。结果表明，使用聚丙烯酰胺（PAM）会改变土壤的溅蚀速率，不同浓度PAM溶液对溅蚀速率的影响程度不同，而且随降雨历时的延长结皮对溅蚀速率的影响作用会占主导地位。一般来说，在降雨初期，由于PAM的聚合作用，使得土壤团聚体的稳定性增加，土壤溅蚀速率较小，随着时间的延长，溅蚀速率开始上升，但是当土壤表面开始发育结皮时，结皮的形成使土壤表面抗溅蚀的强度增强，土壤溅蚀速率减小。
Abstract:
Through rainfall simulating in laboratory,and observation splash erosion rate on soil surface,this study intended to disclose the impact of Polyacrylamide on soil splash erosion rate.The results showed that PAM could change soil splash erosion rate,and the effect of PAM with different concentration was different.Moreover the effect of crust on splash erosion was predominant with the rainfall continuing.At the beginning of rainfall,PAM could reform soil structure and increase the stabilization of soil aggregates,so soil splash erosion rate was low.With rainfall continuing,erosion rate was increased greatly.But,when soil crust of surface was developed,splash erosion rate was greatly decreased because of the increasing anti-erodibility of soil surface.

参考文献/References:

[1] 蔡强国,王贵平,陈永宗.黄土高原小流域侵蚀产沙过程与模拟[M].北京:科学出版社,1998.
[2] 唐泽军,雷廷武.降雨及聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)作用下土壤的封闭过程和结皮的形成[J].生态学报,2002,22(5):674-681.
[3] Ellison W D.Soil Erosion Studies-PartⅠ[J].Agri.Eng.,1947,28:145-146.
[4] 唐泽军,雷廷武,张晴雯,等.聚丙烯酰胺增加土壤降雨入渗减少侵蚀的模拟试验研究Ⅰ:入渗[J].土壤学报,2003,40(2):178-185.
[5] 唐泽军,雷廷武,张晴雯,等.聚丙烯酰胺增加土壤降雨入渗减少侵蚀的模拟试验研究Ⅱ:侵蚀[J].土壤学报,2003,40(3):401-405.
[6] 侵蚀地貌组.黄河粗泥沙来源及侵蚀产沙极力研究文集[C].北京:气象出版社,1988:136-139.
[7] 吴淑安,蔡强国.王家沟流域不同土壤的抗蚀性研究[C]//晋西黄土高原土壤侵蚀管理与地力信息系统应用研究.北京:科学出版社,1992:45-47.
[8] 陆兆熊,蔡强国.黄土的表土结皮强度和溅蚀试验研究[C]//晋西黄土高原土壤侵蚀规律实验研究文集.北京:水利电力出版社,1990:58-67.
[9] Onofiok O,Singer M J.Scanning electron microscope studies of surface crusts formed by simulated rainfall.Soil Sci.Soc.Am.,1984,48:1137-1143.

相似文献/References:

[1]赵玉丽,牛健植.人工模拟降雨试验降雨特性及问题分析[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(04):278.
　ZHAO Yu-li,NIU Jian-zhi.Analysis of Properties and Problems about Artificial Rainfall Simulation Tests[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(05):278.
[2]员学锋,吴普特,冯浩.聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)的改土及增产效应[J].水土保持研究,2002,9(02):55.
　YUN Xue-feng,WU Pu-te,FENG Hao.Role of Polyacrylamide on Soil Structure and Increasing Yield[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2002,9(05):55.
[3]员学锋,吴普特,冯浩.聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)在土壤改良中的应用进展[J].水土保持研究,2002,9(02):141.
　YUN Xue-feng,WU Pu-te,FENG Hao.Development of Application of Polyacrylamide to Soil Amelioration[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2002,9(05):141.
[4]丁文荣,王洁,周跃.基于人工模拟降雨的垂直侵蚀研究[J].水土保持研究,2006,13(04):187.
　DING Wen-rong,WANG Jie,ZHOU Yue.Study on the Vertical Erosion Based on Artificial Simulation of Rainfall[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2006,13(05):187.
[5]孟广涛,毛瑢,方向京,等.模拟暴雨条件下珠江上游不同地被产流产沙过程研究[J].水土保持研究,2007,14(01):287.
　MENG Guang-tao,MAO Rong,FANG Xiang-jing,et al.Study on Process of Runoff and Sediment Yield in the Different Forest Floor of Upper Reaches of Zhujiang River on Simulated Rainfall Condition[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2007,14(05):287.
[6]马莹,许模,李虎.挑流泄洪雾化影响范围预测方法的研究介绍[J].水土保持研究,2007,14(02):324.
　MA Ying,XU Mo,LI Hu.The Forecast Methods for the Range of Atomized Flow Caused by the Jet Overflow[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2007,14(05):324.
[7]王勇强,王玉宽,傅斌,等.不同耕作方式对紫色土侵蚀的影响[J].水土保持研究,2007,14(03):333.
　WANG Yong-qiang,WANG Yu-kuan,FU bin,et al.Study of Soil Erosion in Areas of Purple Soil Under Various Cultivation Systems[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2007,14(05):333.
[8]于晓杰,魏勇明.不同坡形坡面侵蚀产沙过程的影响研究[J].水土保持研究,2010,17(01):97.
　YU Xiao-jie,WEI Yong-ming.Study on Soil Erosion Characters in Different Slopes[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2010,17(05):97.
[9]孟广涛,方向京,李贵祥,等.人工模拟降雨条件下3种多年生牧草水土保持能力分析[J].水土保持研究,2010,17(02):49.
　MENG Guang-tao,FANG Xiang-jing,LI Gui-xiang,et al.Study on Soil and Water Conservation Capacity of Three Perennial Forage Grasses Under Artificial Simulated Rainfall[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2010,17(05):49.
[10]孙飞达,王立,龙瑞军,等.黄土丘陵区不同降雨强度对农地土壤侵蚀的影响[J].水土保持研究,2007,14(02):16.
　SUN Fei-da,WANG Li,LONG Rui-jun,et al.Effects of Farmlands’ Soil Erosion Under Different Intensities of Rainfall in Loess Hilly Regions[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2007,14(05):16.

备注/Memo

收稿日期:2008-5-12;
基金项目:教育部博士点基金“交通对锡林郭勒草原土壤风蚀的影响”（2007002）;中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所创新工程项目（CXIOG-A00-05-02）
作者简介:胡霞(1978-)，女，江苏淮安人，主要从事土壤水蚀以及风蚀研究。E-mail：hx9210@ires.cn

更新日期/Last Update: 1900-01-01