LI Qiang,LI Zhan-bin,LU Ke-xin,et al.Effect of Different Underlying Surfaces on Runoff Generation and Sediment Yield in Shenfu-Dongsheng Coal Mining Area[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2008,15(03):1-3.
神府东胜矿区不同下垫面产流产沙试验研究
- Title:
- Effect of Different Underlying Surfaces on Runoff Generation and Sediment Yield in Shenfu-Dongsheng Coal Mining Area
- Keywords:
- Shenfu-Dongsheng coal mining area; underlying surface; runoff generation; infiltration rate; sediment concentration
- 分类号:
- S157.1
- 摘要:
- 针对神府东胜矿区煤田开采过程中所引发的严重新增水土流失问题，采用野外模拟降雨实验的研究方法，对神府东胜矿区不同下垫面降雨入渗、侵蚀产沙规律进行了初步研究。结果表明：在相同雨强条件下，不同类型下垫面对入渗速率的影响差异性较大，稳渗率大小顺序为扰动地面>原状地面>非硬化路面；在降雨过程中不同类型下垫面的径流量随时间增加而增大，其大小顺序为非硬化路面>扰动地面>原状地面；不同类型下垫面的侵蚀产沙高峰期均出现在降雨初期的0~20 min内，此后侵蚀产沙均下降并趋于稳定，并且不同类型下垫面间的侵蚀产沙量差别不大；非硬化路面的径流含沙量一直稳定在较低水平，而其它类型下垫面的径流含沙量降雨初期很大而后急剧下降，并逐渐接近于非硬化路面的径流含沙量。
- Abstract:
- According to the sevious newly-increased soil and water loss caused by the mining exploitation in the Shenfu-Dongsheng coal mining area,the effects of different underlying surfaces including undisturbed soil,disturbed soil and earth road on runoff generation and sediment yield in Shenfu-Dongsheng coal mining area together with their reasons or mechanisms,were analyzed preliminarily in the paper.The results indicated that,under the same rainfall intensity,the initial infiltration rates of all the underlying surfaces were similar,and the steady infiltration rate of disturbed soil slope was the biggest one among the different underlying surface slopes,and that of earth road slope was smaller than that of undisturbed soil slope.In addition,all the infiltration rates of the different slopes increased firstly and then reduced with the increasing of rainfall duration.The peak of sediment yields for three different underlying surfaces appeared in the initial 0~20 min of simulated rainfall,after then all the sediment yields reduced and then kept relatively steady.During the simulated rainfall experiments,the sediment concentration of earth road kept small and steady,while those of other underlying surfaces were high at the beginning stage of rainfall,then reduced remarkably,and were finally close to that of earth road slope.
参考文献/References:
[1] 王文龙, 李占斌, 李鹏, 等.神府东胜煤田原生地面放水冲刷试验研究[J].农业工程学报, 2005, 21(增刊):59-62.
[2] 奚成刚, 杨成永, 许兆义.铁路工程施工期路堑边坡产流产沙规律研究[J].中国环境科学, 2002, 22(2):174-178.
[3] 奚成刚, 杨成永, 许兆义.铁路工程建设中重塑坡面单元产流产沙规律研究[J].土壤, 2003(1):48-52.
[4] 李文银, 王治国, 蔡继清.工矿区水土保持[M].北京:科学出版社, 1996:117-134.
[5] 朱元骏, 邵明安.不同碎石含量的土壤降雨入渗和产沙过程初步研究[J].农业工程学报, 2006, 22(2):64-67.
[6] 蒋定生.黄土高原土壤入渗能力野外测试[J].水土保持通报, 1984, 4(4):7-9.
相似文献/References:
[1]李孝广,毕华兴,刘胜,等.Penman-Monteith蒸散模型及其在森林下垫面中参数的确定[J].水土保持研究,2005,12(06):257.
LI Xiao-guang,BI Hua-xing,LIU Sheng,et al.Penman-Monteith Evapotranspiration Model and Calculations of Its Parameters in Forest Underlying Surface[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2005,12(03):257.
[2]申震洲,姚文艺,李勉,等.不同下垫面对坡面侵蚀特征的影响[J].水土保持研究,2010,17(01):6.
SHEN Zhen-zhou,YAO Wen-yi,LI Mian,et al.Study on Soil Erosion Sediment Under Different Underlying Horizon[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2010,17(03):6.
[3]钟秀娟,熊黑钢,张建兵.新疆于田县不同下垫面小气候特征比较研究[J].水土保持研究,2010,17(01):134.
ZHONG Xiu-juan,XIONG Hei-gang,ZHANG Jian-bing.Research on Characteristics of Micro-climate in Different Underlying Surface in Yutian County, Xinjiang[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2010,17(03):134.
[4]丁倩,周蓓蓓,吕金榜,等.植被覆盖条件下纳米碳对黄土坡面养分流失调控的试验研究[J].水土保持研究,2017,24(06):35.
DING Qian,ZHOU Beibei,LYU Jinbang,et al.Experimental Study on the Regulation of Nano Carbon to Soil Nutrient Losses Under Different Vegetation Cover Conditions[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2017,24(03):35.
[5]陈倩,周启刚,金亚美.基于Landsat TM的重庆都市区地表热环境时空变化研究[J].水土保持研究,2014,21(06):84.
CHEN Qian,ZHOU Qi-gang,JIN Ya-mei.Research on Temporal and Spatial Changes of Land Thermal Environment Based on Landsat TM in Chongqing Metropolitan Area[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2014,21(03):84.
[6]周晗,严俊霞,李洪建,等.晋西黄土区坡耕地不同下垫面水土流失对侵蚀性降雨的响应[J].水土保持研究,2019,26(04):7.
ZHOU Han,YAN Junxia,LI Hongjian,et al.Response of Soil and Water Loss on Different Underlying Surfaces of Sloping Farmland to Erosive Rainfall in the Loess Area of Western Shanxi Province[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2019,26(03):7.
备注/Memo
收稿日期:2007-7-15。
基金项目:国家重点基础研究发展计划“973”项目（2007CB407206）；教育部博士学科点专项科研基金项目（20060700004）
作者简介:李强（1982- ），男，陕西延安人，硕士研究生，主要从事土壤侵蚀与水土保持等研究。E-mail：liqiang8276@126.com