ZHANG Fang-ting,XIONG Kang-ning,CHEN Hu,et al.Soil Erosion Factors and Eco-benefit Evaluation in the Karst Plateau-Mountain Region—with a Special Reference to Shiqiao Catchment of Bijie in Guizhou[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2009,16(05):88-92,97.
喀斯特高原山地水土流失影响因素及生态效益评价——以贵州毕节石桥小流域为例
- Title:
- Soil Erosion Factors and Eco-benefit Evaluation in the Karst Plateau-Mountain Region—with a Special Reference to Shiqiao Catchment of Bijie in Guizhou
- Keywords:
- Karst; Plateau-Mountain region; soil erosion; eco-benefit; Guizhou
- 分类号:
- S157;P642.25
- 摘要:
- 为进一步认识喀斯特地区的水土流失影响因素及其生态效益，以喀斯特高原山地石漠化典型区贵州毕节石桥小流域为研究对象，通过对小流域的土壤物理特性和植被因子进行分析，结果表明：土壤机械组成直接影响径流区土壤的渗透能力，不同的土地利用类型水稳定性能相差较显著；土壤容重、持水率对水土流失的影响表现在土壤容重均较低，土壤结构较为疏松，依次是灌草丛地<（陡坡地）退耕还林地<缓坡耕地；植被覆盖的多少与水土流失的变化表现出很强的相关性，土壤侵蚀量与植被覆盖度在a=0.05水平显著相关，相关系数r=0.779，0.853，植被覆盖度愈大，侵蚀愈弱。喀斯特高原山地水土流失因素与土壤物理性质有着最直接、最敏感的相关性，以植被恢复及控制人为干扰来减少水土流失效果最佳，生态效益能实现最大化。该研究成果必将对同类喀斯特地区的水土流失治理起到积极作用，为喀斯特山区水土保持工作提供科学依据。
- Abstract:
- To further understand influencing factors of soil erosion and its ecological benefits in Karst region,we took Shiqiao catchment of Bijie city in Guizhou as a study area,which was a representative rocky-desertification area in Karst plateau.Meanwhile,the soil physical properties and vegetation cover factors were researched in the area.And the results showed as following: Firstly,soil mechanical composition had a direct impact on soil infiltration capacity in the run-off area,and water stability displayed distinct differences in various land-use types.Secondly,soil erosion caused that soil bulk density value was low and soil structure was relatively loose.And the increasing sequence of which was: shrub and grasslands land,(slopes land),returning farmland,forest land,gentle slope land.Thirdly,it showed a strong correlation between the number of vegetation cover and the changes in soil erosion.And when an equivalent reached 0.05,correlation coefficient r equivalent was 0.779 and 0.853 respectively.That was to say,the higher the vegetation cover showed,the weaker soil erosion was.In conclusion,the factors on soil erosion in Karst plateau had a direct and sensitive correlative association with the soil physical characteristics.And the best way to reduce soil erosion was vegetation restoration under human disturbance controlled,which can make the eco-efficiency maximized.In a word,the research was bound to play a positive role in the governance of soil erosion in the other similar Karst regions,besides,it can provide a scientific basis for the work of soil and water conservation in Karst mountainous areas.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2009-4-25;
基金项目:水利部科技创新项目（SCX2004-07）;国家“十一五”科技支撑计划（2006BAC01A09-07）
作者简介:张芳挺(1978-)，男，贵州黎平人，硕士研究生，主要研究方向：喀斯特环境治理。E-mail：zhangfangting2006@126.com
通讯作者:熊康宁(1958-)，男，教授，主要研究方向：喀斯特环境治理、喀斯特地貌与洞穴、喀斯特旅游。E-mail：xiongkn@163.com