[1]吴瑶琴,蒋超华,徐勤学,等.西南喀斯特地区不同岩面形态下岩面径流特征[J].水土保持研究,2024,31(01):10-17.[doi:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.2024.01.039]
　Wu Yaoqin,Jiang Chaohua,Xu Qinxue,et al.Runoff Characteristics of Rock Surface Under Different Rock Surface Morphology in Southwest Karst Area[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2024,31(01):10-17.[doi:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.2024.01.039]
点击复制

西南喀斯特地区不同岩面形态下岩面径流特征

《水土保持研究》[ISSN:1005-3409/CN:61-1272/P] 卷: 31 期数: 2024年01期 页码: 10-17 栏目: 出版日期: 2024-02-20
Title:
Runoff Characteristics of Rock Surface Under Different Rock Surface Morphology in Southwest Karst Area
文章编号:
1005-3409(2024)01-0010-08
作者:
吴瑶琴1,2, 蒋超华3, 徐勤学1,2, 方荣杰1,2, 付智勇4, 陈洪松4
(1.桂林理工大学 岩溶地区水污染控制与用水安全保障协同创新中心, 广西 桂林 541004; 2.桂林理工大学 广西环境污染控制理论与技术重点实验室科教结合科技创新基地, 广西 桂林 541004; 3.广西珠委南宁勘测设计院, 南宁 530007; 4.中国科学院 环江喀斯特生态系统观测研究站, 广西 环江 547100)
Author(s):
Wu Yaoqin1,2, Jiang Chaohua3, Xu Qinxue1,2, Fang Rongjie1,2, Fu Zhiyong4, Chen Hongsong4
(1.Key Laboratory for Theory and Technology of Environmental Pollution Control in Guangxi, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China; 2.Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Safety in Karst Area, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China; 3.Guangxi Nanning Survey and Design Institute of Pearl River Commission, Nanning 530007, China; 4.Huanjiang Observation and Research Station for Karst Ecosystems, Chinese......)
关键词:
喀斯特;  岩面形态;  自然降雨;  岩面径流;  产流特征
Keywords:
karst;  rock surface morphology;  natural rainfall;  rock surface runoff;  characteristics of runoff process
分类号:
S157.1
DOI:
10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.2024.01.039
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
[目的]研究自然降雨条件下不同岩面形态岩石的降雨产流特征,为深入了解喀斯特坡地降雨侵蚀规律提供科学依据。[方法]选取研究区内光滑、裂隙、溶穴和溶盘4种典型岩面形态的岩石为研究对象,采用野外径流小区原位观测的方法,对降雨后各种岩面形态下岩石产生的岩面径流进行监测。[结果](1)4种岩面形态中,岩面径流系数表现为光滑(0.74)>溶盘(0.57)>溶穴(0.35)>裂隙(0.19),光滑岩面平均径流系数显著高于其他类型的岩面,径流系数分别为裂隙、溶盘和溶穴的3.89,2.11,1.30倍。(2)随着降雨等级的增大,不同岩面径流系数均呈增加趋势,在大雨及以上降雨事件下,4种岩面形态的径流系数存在显著差异。(3)降雨量是影响不同岩面径流深的主要降雨因子,导致岩面产流的降雨量临界值大小表现为裂隙(1.8 mm)>光滑(1.5 mm)>溶盘(1.1 mm)>溶穴(1.0 mm)。[结论]岩面形态和降雨量是影响岩面径流的主要因素; 在裸岩广泛分布的喀斯特地区,岩面径流是坡面径流的重要组成,在水土流失防治中要考虑岩面径流的影响。
Abstract:
[Objective] The aims of this study are to examine the characteristics of rainfall-runoff under different rock surface morphologies under natural rainfall conditions, and to provide a scientific basis for further understanding the rainfall erosion pattern in karst slopes. [Methods] Four typical rock surface morphologies of smoothness, fissure, karst cave, and solution dish in this study area were selected as the research objects. In-situ observational tests on field run-off plots were used to monitor rock surface runoff generation under various rock surface morphologies after rainfall. [Results](1)Among the four kinds of rock surface morphology, the runoff coefficient of rock surface decreased in the order: smoothness(0.74)>solution dish(0.57)>karst cave(0.35)>fissure(0.19). The average runoff coefficient of smoothness was significantly higher than those of other types, being 3.89, 2.11, and 1.30 times higher than those of the fissure, solution dish, and karst cave, respectively.(2)With the increase in rainfall grade, the runoff coefficients of different rock surfaces showed an increasing trend. During heavy rainfall and above rainfall events, the runoff coefficients were significantly different for the 4 rock surface morphologies.(3)Preciptation was the main rainfall factor affecting the runoff depth of rock. The critical value of rainfall causing rock surface runoff was fissure(1.8 mm)>smoothness rock surface(1.5 mm)>solution dish(1.1 mm)>karst cave(1.0 mm). [Conclusion] Rock surface morphology and rainfall are important factors affecting rock surface runoff. Large rock surface runoff is a vital component of runoff in karst slopes. The effect of rock surface runoff should be considered in the prevention of soil and water loss on karst slopes.

参考文献/References:

[1] 操玥,王世杰,白晓永,等.近百年中国西南降雨侵蚀力反演计算与时空格局演变[J].生态学报,2018,38(24):8766-8773.
Cao Y, Wang S J, Bai X Y, et al. Inversion calculation and spatial-temporal pattern of rainfall erosivity in southwestern China over one hundred years[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2018,38(24):8766-8773.
[2] 程富东,戴全厚,王玲玲,等.喀斯特坡耕地微地貌特征及土壤质量评价[J].中国水土保持,2015(5):67-71,77.
Cheng F D, Dai Q H, Wang L L, et al. Micro-Geomorphology characteristics and soil quality evaluation of slope farmland in karst area[J]. Soil and Water Conservation in China, 2015(5):67-71,77.
[3] Wang D J, Shen Y X, Huang J, et al. Rock outcrops redistribute water to nearby soil patches in karst landscapes[J]. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2016,23(9):8610-8616.
[4] 沈有信,赵志猛,毕胜春,等.陆地系统中的露石及其生态作用[J].地球科学进展,2018,33(4):343-349.
Shen Y X, Zhao Z M, Bi S C, et al. Rock outcrop and its ecological function in terrestrial ecosystem[J]. Advances in Earth Science, 2018,33(4):343-349.
[5] 王小燕,李朝霞,蔡崇法.砾石覆盖紫色土坡耕地水文过程[J].水科学进展,2012,23(1):38-45.
Wang X Y, Li Z X, Cai C F. Hydrological processes on sloped farmland in purple soil regions with rock fragment cover[J]. Advances in Water Science, 2012,23(1):38-45.
[6] Omidvar E, Hajizadeh Z, Ghasemieh H. Sediment yield, runoff and hydraulic characteristics in straw and rock fragment covers[J]. Soil and Tillage Research, 2019,194:104324.
[7] Niu Y B, Gao Z L, Li Y H, et al. Effect of rock fragment content on erosion processes of disturbed soil accumulation under field scouring conditions[J]. Journal of Soils and Sediments, 2019,19(4):1708-1723.
[8] Liu Q, Deng D P, Liao Q D, et al. Analysis on the influence of rainfall characteristics on soil and water loss in rocky desertification region[J]. Carbonates and Evaporites, 2021,36(4):1-11.
[9] Dai J D, Zhang J H, Xue K, et al. Effects of spatial variations in rock fragments related to tillage on hydrological processes and sediment transport[J]. Catena, 2022,211:105963.
[10] 宋兰,张玉启,何丙辉,等.喀斯特槽谷区岩石与坡面夹角对产流产沙过程的影响[J].水土保持学报,2022,36(3):9-15.
Song L, Zhang Y Q, He B H, et al. Effects of angle between rock and slope on the processes and sediment yield in the karst trough valley area[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2022,36(3):9-15.
[11] Smets T, Poesen J, Bochet E. Impact of plot length on the effectiveness of different soil-surface covers in reducing runoff and soil loss by water[J]. Progress in Physical Geography, 2008,32(6):654-677.
[12] Gan F L, He B H, Qin Z Y, et al. Role of rock dip angle in runoff and soil erosion processes on dip/anti-dip slopes in a karst trough valley[J]. Journal of Hydrology, 2020,588:125093.
[13] 樊春华,赵龙山,方乾,等.多场次降雨条件下不同土岩镶嵌坡面土壤侵蚀特征[J].土壤学报,2022,59(5):1270-1278.
Fan C H, Zhao L S, Fang Q, et al. Soil erosion characteristics of different soil and rock mosaic slopes under the condition of successive rainfalls[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2022,59(5):1270-1278.
[14] 袁道先,蒋勇军,沈立成,等.现代岩溶学[M].北京:科学出版社,2016.
Yuan D X, Jiang Y J, Shen L C, et al. Modern karstology[M]. Beijing:Science Press, 2016.
[15] 彭旭东,戴全厚,杨智,等.喀斯特山地石漠化过程中地表地下侵蚀产沙特征[J].土壤学报,2016,53(5):1237-1248.
Peng X D, Dai Q H, Yang Z, et al. Sediment yield of surface and underground erosion in the process of rocky desertifi cation of karst area[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2016,53(5):1237-1248.
[16] 王庆贺,赵志猛,沈有信.云南石林喀斯特露石径流输出及其影响因素探究[J].地球学报,2021,42(3):383-390.
Wang Q H, Zhao Z M, Shen Y X. A study of runoff of karst rock outcrops and its influencing factors in shilin, yunnan province[J]. Acta Geoscientica Sinica, 2021,42(3):383-390.
[17] 殷水清,王杨,谢云,等.中国降雨过程时程分型特征[J].水科学进展,2014,25(5):617-624.
Yin S Q, Wang Y, Xie Y, et al. Characteristics of intra-storm temporal pattern over China[J]. Advances in Water Science, 2014,25(5):617-624.
[18] 陈磊,张科利,李业桐,等.喀斯特坡耕地块石出露对土壤水分入渗的影响[J].农业工程学报,2022,38(10):111-118.
Chen L, Zhang K L, Li Y T, et al. Effects of rock outcropping on soil water infiltration in karst cropland slope[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2022,38(10):111-118.
[19] Sohrt J, Ries F, Sauter M, et al. Significance of preferential flow at the rock soil interface in a semi-arid karst environment[J]. Catena, 2014,123:1-10.
[20] 彭韬,王世杰,张信宝,等.喀斯特坡地地表径流系数监测初报[J].地球与环境,2008,36(2):125-129.
Peng T, Wang S J, Zhang X B, et al. Results of preliminary monitoring of surface runoff coefficients for karst slopes[J]. Earth and Environment, 2008,36(2):125-129.
[21] 陈洪松,杨静,傅伟,等.桂西北喀斯特峰丛不同土地利用方式坡面产流产沙特征[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(16):121-126.
Chen H S, Yang J, Fu W, et al. Characteristics of slope runoff and sediment yield on karst hill-slope with different land-use types in northwest Guangxi[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2012,28(16):121-126.
[22] 姜光辉,陈坤琨,于奭,等.峰丛洼地的坡地径流成分划分[J].水文,2009,29(6):14-19.
Jiang G H, Chen K K, Yu S, et al. Separating karst slope runoff in peak cluster area[J]. Journal of China Hydrology, 2009,29(6):14-19.
[23] 戴全厚,严友进.西南喀斯特石漠化与水土流失研究进展[J].水土保持学报,2018,32(2):1-10.
Dai Q H, Yan Y J. Research progress of karst rocky desertification and soil erosion in southwest China[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2018,32(2):1-10.
[24] 陈鹏飞,陈丽华,王宇,等.黄土丘陵沟壑区不同土地利用类型对坡地产流、产沙的影响[J].生态与农村环境学报,2010,26(3):199-204.
Chen P F, Chen L H, Wang Y, et al. Effect of land use pattern on runoff and sediment yield on slope lands in loess hilly region[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2010,26(3):199-204.
[25] Fu Z Y, Chen H S, Xu Q X, et al. Role of epikarst in near‐surface hydrological processes in a soil mantled subtropical dolomite karst slope:Implications of field rainfall simulation experiments[J]. Hydrological Processes, 2016,30(5):795-811.
[26] 刘正堂,戴全厚,倪九派,等.喀斯特地区裸坡面土壤侵蚀的人工模拟降雨试验研究[J].水土保持学报,2013,27(5):12-16.
Liu Z T, Dai Q H, Ni J P, et al. Bare slope soil erosion experimental research under the condition of artificial rainfall preciptation in karst area[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2013,27(5):12-16.
[27] 李焱秋,戴全厚,甘艺贤,等.喀斯特裸坡地径流对降雨强度与坡度的响应[J].水土保持学报,2019,33(5):28-33.
Li Y Q, Dai Q H, Gan Y X, et al. Response of runoff to rainfall intensity and slope on bare slope in karst[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2019,33(5):28-33.
[28] 刘窑军,王天巍,李朝霞,等.不同植被防护措施对三峡库区土质道路边坡侵蚀的影响[J].应用生态学报,2012,23(4):896-902.
Liu Y J, Wang T W, Li Z X, et al. Effects of different vegetation protection measures on erosion prevention of unpaved roadside in Three Gorges Reservoir Area[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2012,23(4):896-902.
[29] 刘窑军,王天巍,蔡崇法,等.三峡库区低等级土质道路侵蚀研究[J].水科学进展,2015,26(2):169-177.
Liu Y J, Wang T W, Li Z X, et al. Research of the soil erosion on the low-volume unpaved road in the Three GorgeReservoir area[J]. Advances in Water Science, 2015,26(2):169-177.

相似文献/References:

[1]李永垚,熊康宁,罗娅.喀斯特石漠化综合治理工程科技贡献率测算研究进展[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(06):259.
　LI Yong-yao,XIONG Kang-ning,LUO Ya.Progress of Research on Measurement of Science and Technology Contribution Rate Concerning Karst Rocky Desertification Comprehensive Management Project[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(01):259.
[2]纪启芳,张兴奇,张科利,等.贵州省喀斯特地区坡面产流产沙特征[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(04):1.
　JI Qi-fang,ZHANG Xing-qi,ZHANG Ke-li,et al.Runoff and Sediment Characteristics of Slope Land in Karst Areas of Guizhou Province[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(01):1.
[3]腊贵晓,顾怀胜,刘国顺,等.喀斯特地区烟田土壤养分的空间变异特征[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(03):48.
　LA Gui-xiao,GU Huai-sheng,LIU Guo-shun,et al.Spatial Heterogeneity of Soil Nutrients in Karst Tobacco-growing Areas[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(01):48.
[4]王德光,胡宝清,饶映雪,等.基于网格法与ANN的县域喀斯特土地系统功能分区研究[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(02):131.
　WANG De-guang,HU Bao-qing,RAO Ying-xue,et al.Research on Functional Zoning of Karst Land System at County Regional Scale Based on the Methods of Lattice and ANN[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(01):131.
[5]张茵,刘松.喀斯特石漠化山区生态重建研究——以贵州省罗甸县大关村为例[J].水土保持研究,2001,8(02):80.
　ZHANG Yin,LIU Song.Study on Ecological Rehabilitation in Karst Regions——The Case of Daguan Village[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2001,8(01):80.
[6]何钢,蔡运龙,万军.生态重建模式的尺度视角—以我国西南喀斯特地区为例[J].水土保持研究,2003,10(03):83.
　HE Gang,CAI Yun-long,WAN Jun.Scale Perspective on Ecological Rehabilitation Model—Case Study in Karst Area of Southwest China[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2003,10(01):83.
[7]宋先花,蔡运龙.西南喀斯特石漠化地区生态建设产业化初探[J].水土保持研究,2003,10(03):87.
　SONG Xian-hua,CAI Yun-long.Industrialization of Ecological Construction in Karst Areas of Southwest China[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2003,10(01):87.
[8]吴秀芹,蔡运龙,蒙吉军.喀斯特山区土壤侵蚀与土地利用关系研究——以贵州省关岭县石板桥流域为例[J].水土保持研究,2005,12(04):46.
　WU Xiu-qin,CAI Yun-long,MENG Ji-jun.Impacts of Land Use on Soil Erosion in Karst Mountainous Area——A Case Study in Shibanqiao Catchment in Guanling county, Guizhou Province[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2005,12(01):46.
[9]彭建,蔡运龙,王尚彦,等.喀斯特石林发育的土壤学视角[J].水土保持研究,2005,12(04):49.
　PENG Jian,CAI Yun-long,WANG Shang-yan,et al.Study on the Role of Soil in Stone Forest Development[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2005,12(01):49.
[10]张冬青,林昌虎,何腾兵.贵州喀斯特环境特征与石漠化的形成[J].水土保持研究,2006,13(01):220.
　ZHANG Dong-qing,LIN Chang-hu,HE Teng-bing.Environmental Characteristic of Karst in Guizhou and Forming of Rock Desertification[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2006,13(01):220.

备注/Memo

收稿日期:2022-11-29 修回日期:2023-02-16
资助项目:广西重点研发计划项目(桂科AB22035058); 国家自然科学基金项目(51769005)
第一作者:吴瑶琴(1998—),女,湖南桂阳人,硕士研究生,主要从事水土保持与农业生态研究。E-mail:wyq5517@qq.com
通信作者:徐勤学(1982—),男,湖南新宁人,博士,教授,主要从事水土保持与农业生态研究。E-mail:xqx@glut.edu.cn

更新日期/Last Update: 2024-02-20