CAO Yu,GAO Chao,ZHANG Xiaoming,et al.Temporal and Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Erosive Rainfall in Hubei Province[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2023,30(01):41-46,53.[doi:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.2023.01.037]
湖北省侵蚀性降雨时空分布特征
- Title:
- Temporal and Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Erosive Rainfall in Hubei Province
- 文章编号:
- 1005-3409(2023)01-0041-06
- Keywords:
- soil and water conservation; rainfall erosivity; spatial interpolation; spatiotemporal distribution; erosive rainfall
- 分类号:
- S157.1
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 侵蚀性降雨是南方红壤区剧烈水蚀的原动力,因此分析其时空分布特征对于区域内水土保持相关研究有十分重要的意义。选取国家气象数据网站数据(2014—2020年)、结合水土保持监测站点人工观测数据(2016—2019年),对湖北省4个水土保持分区24个监测站点的侵蚀性降雨标准及降雨侵蚀力进行了分析、计算,并用克里格模型进行插值。结果表明:湖北省整体的降雨侵蚀力从西北到东南逐渐增加,与降雨量的空间分布表现出相同特征,同时降雨量与侵蚀性降雨量表现出高度协同性。全省年平均降雨量813.88～1 590.15 mm(2014—2020年),多年平均年降雨量为1 201.98 mm,多年平均侵蚀性年降雨量为603.53 mm。多年平均侵蚀性年降雨量占多年平均年降雨量的50.21%,多年平均侵蚀性降雨频次(天数)为14次,平均次侵蚀性降雨量为46.88 mm。根据多年平均半月侵蚀力计算结果分析可知,湖北省全省多年平均年降雨侵蚀力值为6 650.10 MJ·mm/(hm2·h·a)。省内年内降雨侵蚀力时间分布基本符合正态分布。4—10月总降雨侵蚀力值为6 202.10 MJ·mm/(hm2·h·a),占全年降雨侵蚀力值的93.26%。研究结果有助于指导省内水土保持规划,并对不同时段针对性防治水土流失具有一定的参考意义。
- Abstract:
- Erosive rainfall is the driving force of severe water erosion in the red soil region of south China. Therefore, it is of great significance to analyze its spatial and temporal distribution characteristics for the study of regional soil and water conservation. In this paper, the erosive rainfall standard and rainfall erosivity of 24 monitoring stations in four soil and water conservation regions of Hubei Province were analyzed and calculated based on the national meteorological data website data and the artificial observation data of soil and water conservation monitoring stations, and the Kriging model was used for spatiotemporal interpolation. The results show that the rainfall erosivity of Hubei Province increased gradually from northwest to southeast, which showed the same characteristics as the spatial distribution of rainfall; annual average rainfall of the whole province ranged from 813.88 mm to 1 590.15 mm, the average annual rainfall was 1 201.98 mm, the annual average erosive rainfall was 603.53 mm; The annual average erosive rainfall accounted for 50.21% of the annual average rainfall, the annual average frequency of erosive rainfall was 14; the average single erosive rainfall was 46.88 mm; according to the calculation results of annual average half month erosivity, the average annual rainfall erosivity of Hubei Province was 6 650.10 MJ·mm/(hm2·h·a); The temporal distribution of annual rainfall erosivity in Hubei Province basically conformed to normal distribution; the total rainfall erosivity from April to October was 6 202.10 MJ·mm/(hm2·h·a), accounting for 93.26% of the annual rainfall erosivity. These results are helpful to the planning of soil and water conservation in the province, and it has a certain guiding significance for the prevention and control of soil erosion in different periods.
参考文献/References:
[1] Huang J, Zhang J, Zhang Z, et al. Spatial and temporal variations in rainfall erosivity during 1960—2005 in the Yangtze River basin[J]. Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment, 2013,27(2):337-351.
[2] Renard K G. Predicting soil erosion by water:A guide to conservation planning with the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation(RUSLE)[R]. United States Government Printing, 1997.
[3] Wischmeier W H, Smith D D. Predicting rainfall erosion losses: A guide to conservation planning[R]. Department of Agriculture, Science and Education Administration, 1978.
[4] 顾璟冉,张兴奇,顾礼彬,等.黔西高原地区降雨侵蚀力的简易算法[J].水土保持通报,2016,36(2):204-208.
[5] 史志华,郭国先,曾之俊,等.武汉降雨侵蚀力特征与日降雨侵蚀力模型研究[J].中国水土保持,2006(1):22-24.
[6] 史东梅,江东,卢喜平,等.重庆涪陵区降雨侵蚀力时间分布特征[J].农业工程学报,2008,24(9):16-21.
[7] 陈正发,史东梅,何伟,等.云南省降雨侵蚀力时空分布与演变趋势研究[J].农业机械学报,2017,48(10):209-219.
[8] Kreklow J, Steinhoff-Knopp B, Friedrich K, et al. Comparing rainfall erosivity estimation methods using weather radar data for the State of Hesse(Germany)[J]. Water, 2020,12(5):1424.
[9] Renard K G, Freimund J R. Using monthly precipitation data to estimate the R-factor in the revised USLE[J]. Journal of Hydrology, 1994,157(1/4):287-306.
[10] 章文波,谢云,刘宝元.利用日雨量计算降雨侵蚀力的方法研究[J].地理科学,2002,22(6):705-711.
[11] Richardson C W, Foster G R, Wright D A. Estimation of erosion index from daily rainfall amount[J]. Transactions of the Asae, 1983,26(1):153-0156.
[12] 金建君,谢云,张科利.不同样本序列下侵蚀性雨量标准的研究[J].水土保持通报,2001,21(2):31-33.
[13] 王普.肇庆市水土流失关键因子提取:以降雨侵蚀力R为例[J].水利科技与经济,2021,27(2):35-40.
[14] 郭达,宋小宁,董震,等.基于RUSLE与GIS的黄土高原水土流失评价研究:以宁夏中卫地区为例[J].泥沙研究,2020,45(5):55-60.
[15] 朱大运,杨倩,陈海,等.1960—2017年贵州省不同水系降雨侵蚀力时空变异特征[J].水土保持通报,2021,41(1):6-14.
[16] 王万忠.黄土地区降雨特性与土壤流失关系的研究Ⅲ:关于侵蚀性降雨的标准问题[J].水土保持通报,1984,4(2):58-63.
[17] 黄利燕.基于ArcGIS不同空间插值方法的降雨量预测效果对比[J].北京测绘,2019,33(7):759-762.
[18] 李巍,范文义,毛学刚,等.降雨量空间插值方法比较研究[J].安徽农业科学,2014,42(12):3667-3669.
[19] 郑海金,杨洁,左长清,等.红壤坡地侵蚀性降雨及降雨动能分析[J].水土保持研究,2009,16(3):30-33.
[20] 魏静,马洪超.降雨对红黏土区土壤侵蚀的影响[J].西部大开发:土地开发工程研究,2019,4(7):52-55,60.
相似文献/References:
[1]白桦,穆兴民,王双银.水土保持措施对秃尾河径流的影响[J].水土保持研究,2010,17(01):40.
BAI Hua,MU Xing-min,WANG Shuang-yin.Impact of Soil and Water Conservation on River Flow of Tuwei River[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2010,17(01):40.
[2]王星,李占斌,李鹏.陕西省丹汉江流域水土保持工程投资情况分析[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(05):43.
WANG Xing,LI Zhan-bin,LI Peng.Analysis of Soil and Water Conservation Project Investment Status of Dan-Han River Watershed in Shaanxi Province[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(01):43.
[3]宋凤军,穆兴民,白桦.嘉陵江流域输沙量演变规律分析[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(05):65.
SONG Feng-jun,MU Xing-min,BAI Hua.Variation of Sediment Discharge in the Jialingjiang River Basin[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(01):65.
[4]熊康宁,王恒松,刘云.毕节石桥小流域水土保持综合治理生态监测与效益评价[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(04):10.
XIONG Kang-ning,WANG Heng-song,LIU Yun.Ecological Monitoring and the Evaluation on the Benefits of Comprehensive Management for Soil and Water Conservation in Shiqiao Watershed of Bijie City, Guizhou Province[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(01):10.
[5]贺振伟,郭东罡,白中科,等.两种水土生态恢复模式下刺槐种群数量特征与空间格局研究[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(04):48.
HE Zhen-wei,GUO Dong-gang,BAI Zhong-ke,et al.Numeric Character and Spatial Pattern of Robinia pseudoacacia L. Population at Two Kinds of Recovery Modes[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(01):48.
[6]吴启蒙,朱志玲,吴咏梅,等.宁夏水土保持的产业结构影响评价[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(04):116.
WU Qi-meng,ZHU Zhi-ling,WU Yong-mei,et al.Impact Evaluation on Industrial Structure of Soil and Water Conservation in Ningxia Hui Automonous Region[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(01):116.
[7]康万利,揭雨成,邢虎成.南方坡耕地种植苎麻水土保持效果和经济效益研究[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(03):86.
KANG Wan-li,JIE Yu-cheng,XING Hu-cheng.Study of Soil-Water Conservation Effects and Economic Benefit of Ramie in South Slope Crop Land[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(01):86.
[8]郭兰勤,杨勤科.藉河流域水土保持效益评价[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(01):139.
GUO Lan-qin,YANG Qin-ke.Evaluation on the Benefit of the Soil and Water Conservation in Jihe Watershed[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(01):139.
[9]汪有科,李立,傅左,等.薪炭林水土保持效益的研究[J].水土保持研究,1992,(01):70.
Wang Yuke,Li Li,Fu Zuo,et al.A STUDY ON THE BENEFIT OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION FOR ENERGY FOREST[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1992,(01):70.
[10]刘向东,吴钦孝,赵鸿雁.森林植被垂直截留作用与水土保持[J].水土保持研究,1994,1(03):8.
Liu Xiangdong,Wu Qinxiao,Zhao Hongyan.The Vertical Interception Function of Forest Vegetation and Soil and Water Conservation[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1994,1(01):8.
备注/Memo
收稿日期:2021-05-31 修回日期:2021-06-12
资助项目:国家自然科学基金(41771307,41201271); 长江科学院开放研究项目(CKWV2017522/KY); 华中农业大学大学生科技创新项目(2021096)
第一作者:曹矞(1998—),男,湖北省恩施人,硕士研究生,从事水土保持与荒漠化防治方向研究。E-mail:897313056@qq.com
通信作者:张晓明(1980—),男,内蒙赤峰人,博士,副教授,主要从事崩岗及土壤侵蚀研究。E-mail:zxm_huanong@mail.hzau.edu.zn