[1]朱 孟,周忠发,蒋 翼,等.基于贵州高原地貌分区的降水时空异质性特征[J].水土保持研究,2020,27(03):181-189.
　ZHU Meng,ZHOU Zhongfa,JIANG Yi,et al.Spatial and Temporal Heterogeneity of Precipitation Based on the Landforms of Guizhou Plateau[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2020,27(03):181-189.
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基于贵州高原地貌分区的降水时空异质性特征

《水土保持研究》[ISSN:1005-3409/CN:61-1272/P] 卷: 27 期数: 2020年03期 页码: 181-189 栏目: 目次 出版日期: 2020-04-20
Title:
Spatial and Temporal Heterogeneity of Precipitation Based on the Landforms of Guizhou Plateau
文章编号:
1005-3409(2020)03-0181-09
作者:
朱 孟1,2, 周忠发1,2,3, 蒋 翼1,2, 黄登红1,2,3
(1.贵州师范大学 喀斯特研究院/地理与环境科学学院, 贵阳 550001; 2.贵州省喀斯特山地生态环境 国家重点实验室培育基地, 贵阳 550001; 3.国家喀斯特石漠化防治工程技术研究中心, 贵阳 550001)
Author(s):
ZHU Meng1,2, ZHOU Zhongfa1,2,3, JIANG Yi1,2, HUANG Denghong1,2,3
(1.Karst Research Institute/Department Geography And Environment Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China; 2.State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Karst Mountain Ecology Environment of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550001, China; 3.State Engineering Technology Institute for Karst Desertification Control, Guiyang 550001, China)
关键词:
降水;  地貌分区;  时空异质性;  贵州省
Keywords:
precipitation;  landform zoning;  remporal and spatial heterogeneity;  Guizhou Province
分类号:
P426.6
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
为探究贵州省高原山区不同地貌类型单元的降水时空异质性特征及其规律,利用贵州省19个气象站点1951—2018年共68 a的降水量、气温、湿度等数据,充分考虑不同海拔、经度与纬度对降水的影响,采用Mann-Kendall非参数突变检测、滑动平均与距平累积、反距离权重插值法等方法分析不同地貌类型区的降水及各影响因子的时空分布特征。结果表明:(1)贵州省降水总体呈下降态势,长时间序列下气温升温趋势较明显,相对湿度下降速率大于降水下降速率,降水与气温呈正相关;(2)非喀斯特地区降水呈微弱的上升趋势,其他5种地貌区降水均呈下降趋势,下降速率大小为:岩溶断陷盆地>岩溶高原>岩溶峡谷>岩溶槽谷>峰丛洼地;(3)岩溶峡谷区多年间降水量整体处于平均值以上,降水较丰沛,没有明显的枯水期; 其余5种地貌总体上有1967—1980年与1993—2000年两个丰水期,1951—1960年、1985—1992年和2005—2018年3个枯水期;(4)除峰丛洼地无明显突变点外,非喀斯特(2013年)、岩溶槽谷(1984年)、岩溶断陷盆地(1986年)、岩溶高原(1980年)、岩溶峡谷(1986年)发生显著突变;(5)降水在空间特征上与经度呈正相关,与纬度和海拔呈负相关,不同地貌单元上降水空间分布特征为:岩溶高原<岩溶峡谷<岩溶槽谷<非喀<峰丛洼地<岩溶断陷盆地。掌握不同地貌区降水时空特征及其变化规律,可为降水引起的自然灾害预警提供科学依据。
Abstract:
In order to explore the spatial and temporal heterogeneity of precipitation and the influencing factors in areas with different geomorphic types, the 68-year data of the precipitation, temperature and humidity in 19 meteorological stations in Guizhou Province were taken as data sources. Taking into account different elevations, longitudes and latitudes for the influence of precipitation, we used Mann-Kendall nonparametric mutation detection, sliding average and anomaly cumulative analysis trend, and inverse distance weight interpolation method to express the precipitation of different geomorphological types and the spatial distribution characteristics of each impact factor. The results show that:(1)the precipitation in Guizhou Province has been generally declining, the temperature has been rising in the long time series, the relative humidity decline rate is greater than the precipitation decline rate;(2)the precipitation is positively correlated with the temperature, and the precipitation in the non-karst landform shows a slight upward trend, the a downward trend for the peak cluster depressions, karst troughs, karst fault basins, karst plateaus and karst gorges, and the rates of decline are different. The rates decrease in the order: karst fault basin>karst plateau>karst canyon>karst trough>peak cluster depression;(3)in non-karst, peak cluster depression, karst trough, karst fault basin and karst plateau, two wet periods were found in the periods of 1967—1980 and 1993—2000, three dry seasons occurred in the periods of 1951—1960, 1985—1992 and 2005—2018, while the precipitation in the karst gorge area is greater than the average, the precipitation is abundant, there is no obvious dry period;(4)except peak cluster depression, the mutation points in non-karst, karst troughs, karst fault basins, karst plateaus, and karst gorges occurred in 2013, 1984, 1986, 1980, and 1986, respectively, there is a significant mutation in annual precipitation;(5)precipitation is positively correlated with longitude in terms of the spatial characteristics, and negatively correlated with latitude and altitude; with respect to the spatial distribution characteristics of precipitation on different geomorphic units, the volumes of precipitation increase in the order: karst plateau <karst gorge <karst trough <non-K< peak cluster depression <karst fault basin. Understanding the temporal and spatial characteristics of precipitation in different geomorphological areas and their changing patterns can provide the scientific basis for natural disaster warning caused by precipitation.

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备注/Memo

收稿日期:2019-09-17 修回日期:2019-10-31资助项目:国家自然科学基金地区项目“喀斯特石漠化地区生态资产与区域贫困耦合机制研究”(41661088); 国家重点研发计划; 项目(2018YFB0505400); 贵州省高层次创新型人才培养计划“百”层次人才(黔科合平台人才(20165674)第一作者:朱孟(1994—),男,贵州赫章人,在读硕士,主要研究方向为地理信息系统与生态水文遥感。E-mail:1769978063@qq.com通信作者:周忠发(1969—),男,贵州遵义人,教授,博导,主要研究方向为喀斯特生态环境GIS与遥感。E-mail:fa6897@163.com

更新日期/Last Update: 2020-04-30