CAI Xiongfei,LEI Li,WANG Ji,et al.Effect of Antecedent Soil Water Content on Runoff and Sediment in Limestone Soil of Slopes in Karst Mountain Area[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2019,26(01):29-33.
前期含水量对喀斯特山地石灰土坡面产流产沙的影响
- Title:
- Effect of Antecedent Soil Water Content on Runoff and Sediment in Limestone Soil of Slopes in Karst Mountain Area
- 分类号:
- S157.2
- 摘要:
- 为了探讨前期含水量对喀斯特山区坡耕地坡面产流产沙过程及机制的影响，以该区域广泛分布的石灰土为研究对象，通过人工模拟降雨的试验方法，系统研究了干态、稍湿态和湿态石灰土坡面产流产沙过程。结果表明：（1）坡面初始产流时间随土壤前期含水量的增加而减少，初始产流时间与土壤前期含水量呈线性负相关关系。（2）在0~25 min期间，径流量呈逐渐增大的趋势，变化率呈现稍湿态 > 干态 > 湿态。25 min之后，径流量逐渐趋于稳定，随土壤前期含水量与坡度的增大，径流量增大。（3）稍湿态土壤坡面径流含沙量变化较小，基本趋于稳定；干态土壤坡面径流含沙量变化较大，呈开始增大，在第20分钟之后减小并趋于稳定；湿态土壤坡面径流含沙量变化最大，总体呈陡降、缓增，最后逐渐减小并趋于稳定的趋势。（4）径流平均含沙量与土壤前期含水量的关系呈近似抛物线变化，径流平均含沙量湿态 > 干态 > 稍湿态。
- Abstract:
- To study the effect of antecedent soil water content on the processes and mechanism of runoff and sediment on sloping farmland in karst mountain area, the wet, slightly wet and dry limestone soils which wide distributed in Karst mountain area were selected, the processes and characteristics of runoff and sediment yields in limestone soil slopes under different antecedent soil moisture levers were systematically tested by rainfall simulation experiment. The results showed that:(1) the initial-yielding times of runoff on slopes decreased with increase of antecedent soil water contents under different slopes, and there was the negative linear relation between the initial-yielding time of runoff and the antecedent soil water content; (2) the runoff tended to increase within 0~25 min, the rates of change decreased in the order:slightly wet soil > dry soil > wet soil, and then gradually stabilized and the rates of runoff increased with increase of antecedent soil water contents and slopes; (3) the sediment concentration in slope with the slightly wet soil changed little, it had great variation in slope with the dried soil, it increased until 20 min and then decreased slowly and tended to be stable; the sediment concentration in slope with the wet soil had most variation, and which sharply declined, slowly increased and finally gradually decreased and tended to be stable as the whole; (4) there was approximate parabola-shape variation between average sediment concentration and the antecedent soil water content, average sediment concentrations decreased in the sequence:wetted soil > dried soil > slightly wetted soil.
参考文献/References:
[1] Mcdowell R W, Sharpley A N. The effect of antecedent moisture conditions on sediment and phosphorus loss during overland flow:Mahantango Creek catchment, Pennsylvania, USA[J]. Hydrological Processes, 2002,16(15):3037-3050.
[2] Wei L, Zhang B, Wang M. Effects of antecedent soil moisture on runoff and soil erosion in alley cropping systems[J]. Agricultural Water Management, 2007,94(1):54-62.
[3] Li J, Zhang F, Wang S, et al. Combined influences of wheat-seedling cover and antecedent soil moisture on sheet erosion in small-flumes[J]. Soil & Tillage Research, 2015,151:1-8.
[4] Lai X, Liao K, Feng H, et al. Responses of soil water percolation to dynamic interactions among rainfall, antecedent moisture and season in a forest site[J]. Journal of Hydrology, 2016,540:565-573.
[5] Vermang J, Demeyer V, Cornelis W M, et al. Aggregate stability and erosion response to antecedent water content of a loess soil.[J]. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 2009,73(3):718-726.
[6] Defersha M B, Melesse A M. Effect of rainfall intensity, slope and antecedent moisture content on sediment concentration and sediment enrichment ratio[J]. Catena, 2012,90(3):47-52.
[7] 张玉斌,郑粉莉.近地表土壤水分条件对坡面土壤侵蚀过程的影响[J].中国水土保持科学,2007,5(2):5-10.
[8] Yi C, Fan J. Application of HYDRUS-1 D model to provide antecedent soil water contents for analysis of runoff and soil erosion from a slope on the Loess Plateau[J]. Catena, 2016,139:1-8.
[9] 王丽,王力,王全九.前期含水量对坡耕地产流产沙及氮磷流失的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2014,33(11):2171-2178.
[10] 王世杰,李阳兵,李瑞玲.喀斯特石漠化的形成背景、演化与治理[J].第四纪研究,2003,23(6):657-666.
[11] 熊康宁,李晋,龙明忠.典型喀斯特石漠化治理区水土流失特征与关键问题[J].地理学报,2012,67(7):878-888.
[12] 郑伟,王中美.贵州喀斯特地区降雨强度对土壤侵蚀特征的影响[J].水土保持研究,2016,23(6):333-339.
[13] 陈洪松,杨静,傅伟,等.桂西北喀斯特峰丛不同土地利用方式坡面产流产沙特征[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(16):121-126.
[14] 戴海伦,苑爽,张科利,等.贵州省降雨侵蚀力时空变化特征研究[J].水土保持研究,2013,20(1):37-41.
[15] 黄启芬.贵州喀斯特山区土地利用格局变化及土壤侵蚀效应:以大方县为例[J].贵州师范大学学报:自然版,2015,33(2):18-23.
[16] 伏文兵,戴全厚,严友进.喀斯特坡耕地及其浅层孔(裂)隙土壤侵蚀响应试验研究[J].水土保持学报,2015,29(2):11-16.
[17] 彭旭东,戴全厚,杨智,等.喀斯特山地石漠化过程中地表地下侵蚀产沙特征[J].土壤学报,2016,53(5):1237-1248.
[18] 王济,蔡雄飞,张一修,等.一种人工模拟降雨试验装置[P].2011,中国, ZL201020250922.5.
[19] 卢瑞荆,樊兰峰.1961-2008年贵州暴雨时空分布特征[J].沙漠与绿洲气象,2010,04(3):17-21.
[20] 中华人民共和国林业部颁发.林业专业调查主要技术规定[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1990.
[21] 孔刚,王全九,樊军,等.前期含水量对坡面降雨产流和土壤化学物质流失影响研究[J].土壤通报,2008,39(6):1395-1399.
[22] 张向炎,史学正,于东升,等.前期土壤含水量对红壤坡面产流产沙特性的影响[J].水科学进展,2010,21(1):23-29.
[23] 王丽,王力,王全九.前期含水量对坡耕地产流产沙及氮磷流失的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2014,33(11):2171-2178.
[24] 卫喜国,严昌荣,魏永霞,等.坡度和降雨强度对坡耕地入渗的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2009,28(4):114-116.
[25] 张小娜,冯杰,高永波,等.不同雨强条件下坡度对坡地产汇流及溶质运移的影响[J].水土保持通报,2010,30(2):119-123.
相似文献/References:
[1]李永垚,熊康宁,罗娅.喀斯特石漠化综合治理工程科技贡献率测算研究进展[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(06):259.
LI Yong-yao,XIONG Kang-ning,LUO Ya.Progress of Research on Measurement of Science and Technology Contribution Rate Concerning Karst Rocky Desertification Comprehensive Management Project[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(01):259.
[2]纪启芳,张兴奇,张科利,等.贵州省喀斯特地区坡面产流产沙特征[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(04):1.
JI Qi-fang,ZHANG Xing-qi,ZHANG Ke-li,et al.Runoff and Sediment Characteristics of Slope Land in Karst Areas of Guizhou Province[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(01):1.
[3]腊贵晓,顾怀胜,刘国顺,等.喀斯特地区烟田土壤养分的空间变异特征[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(03):48.
LA Gui-xiao,GU Huai-sheng,LIU Guo-shun,et al.Spatial Heterogeneity of Soil Nutrients in Karst Tobacco-growing Areas[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(01):48.
[4]王德光,胡宝清,饶映雪,等.基于网格法与ANN的县域喀斯特土地系统功能分区研究[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(02):131.
WANG De-guang,HU Bao-qing,RAO Ying-xue,et al.Research on Functional Zoning of Karst Land System at County Regional Scale Based on the Methods of Lattice and ANN[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(01):131.
[5]张茵,刘松.喀斯特石漠化山区生态重建研究——以贵州省罗甸县大关村为例[J].水土保持研究,2001,8(02):80.
ZHANG Yin,LIU Song.Study on Ecological Rehabilitation in Karst Regions——The Case of Daguan Village[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2001,8(01):80.
[6]何钢,蔡运龙,万军.生态重建模式的尺度视角—以我国西南喀斯特地区为例[J].水土保持研究,2003,10(03):83.
HE Gang,CAI Yun-long,WAN Jun.Scale Perspective on Ecological Rehabilitation Model—Case Study in Karst Area of Southwest China[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2003,10(01):83.
[7]宋先花,蔡运龙.西南喀斯特石漠化地区生态建设产业化初探[J].水土保持研究,2003,10(03):87.
SONG Xian-hua,CAI Yun-long.Industrialization of Ecological Construction in Karst Areas of Southwest China[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2003,10(01):87.
[8]吴秀芹,蔡运龙,蒙吉军.喀斯特山区土壤侵蚀与土地利用关系研究——以贵州省关岭县石板桥流域为例[J].水土保持研究,2005,12(04):46.
WU Xiu-qin,CAI Yun-long,MENG Ji-jun.Impacts of Land Use on Soil Erosion in Karst Mountainous Area——A Case Study in Shibanqiao Catchment in Guanling county, Guizhou Province[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2005,12(01):46.
[9]彭建,蔡运龙,王尚彦,等.喀斯特石林发育的土壤学视角[J].水土保持研究,2005,12(04):49.
PENG Jian,CAI Yun-long,WANG Shang-yan,et al.Study on the Role of Soil in Stone Forest Development[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2005,12(01):49.
[10]张冬青,林昌虎,何腾兵.贵州喀斯特环境特征与石漠化的形成[J].水土保持研究,2006,13(01):220.
ZHANG Dong-qing,LIN Chang-hu,HE Teng-bing.Environmental Characteristic of Karst in Guizhou and Forming of Rock Desertification[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2006,13(01):220.
备注/Memo
收稿日期:2017-11-30;改回日期:2018-3-8。
基金项目:贵州科技厅联合基金"不同坡度下喀斯特山区土壤径流可蚀性研究"（黔科合J字LKS[2012]27号）
作者简介:蔡雄飞(1982-),男,贵州盘县人,博士,副教授,研究方向:土壤侵蚀与水土保持。E-mail:624420800@qq.com
通讯作者:雷丽(1982-),女,贵州大方县人,硕士,讲师,研究方向:喀斯特环境。E-mail:19568797@qq.com