ZHANG Shaokang,LIU Haiwei,JIAO Feng.Responses of Grassland Communities and Soil to Nitrogen and Phosphorus Additions in Micro-Topography of the Hilly Loess Plateau Region[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2018,25(01):76-83.
黄土丘陵区微地形梯度下草地群落及土壤对氮、磷添加的响应
- Title:
- Responses of Grassland Communities and Soil to Nitrogen and Phosphorus Additions in Micro-Topography of the Hilly Loess Plateau Region
- Keywords:
- nitrogen and phosphorus addition; biomass; leaf and root N; P; K; soil nutrient
- 分类号:
- S812.2
- 摘要:
- 为研究N，P添加对草地群落及土壤的影响，试验以黄土丘陵区安塞综合试验站草地群落为研究对象，通过在不同坡向、坡位定量添加N，P营养元素的方法，研究群落地上和地下生物量、叶片和根系及土壤养分的变化特征。结果表明：（1）N处理和N+P处理地上生物量分别比对照（CK）处理增加24.21%和43.92%，而地下生物量分别减小12.19%和8.53%；（2）平均叶片N含量变化趋势为N+P处理 > N处理 > CK处理，与CK处理相比分别增加26%和17%；叶片P和K含量增加不显著；CK处理组、N处理组和N+P处理组的平均叶片N/P值分布范围分别为12.58～24.28，16.67～4.82，12.56～23.07，总体趋势为N > CK > N+P，无显著差异（p > 0.05）；（3）CK处理、N处理和N+P处理根系N含量的取值范围分别为5.20～12.78 g/kg，5.42～14.30 g/kg，10.16～17.70 g/kg，N处理和N+P处理分别增加34.38%和63.45%；根系P含量的取值范围分别为0.22～0.38 g/kg，0.38～0.87 g/kg，0.63～0.94 g/kg，方差分析表明施肥处理组根系P含量显著增加（p < 0.05）；根系K含量没有显著变化；根系N/P比的取值范围分别为26.02～49.94，14.23～20.67，12.46～21.28，施肥处理后根系N/P呈下降趋势；（4）施肥对土壤有机C的影响不显著；土壤全N含量均显著增加（p < 0.05）；土壤全P含量、速效K和N/P比值含量增加，但无显著差异。表明N，P添加能够改善黄土丘陵区土壤养分状况，缓解植物生长的养分限制情况，促进植物其他营养元素的吸收，并使得植物体养分更多分配于地上部分。
- Abstract:
- To study the effects of N and P addition on grassland community and soil, we used the way of adding N, P nutrient elements in different aspect-position in the grassland communities in Ansai Comprehensive Experimental Station of loess hilly region to study the aboveground and underground biomass, leaf, root and soil nutrient. The results show that:(1) aboveground biomass of the N and N+P treatments increased by 24.21% and 43.92%, respectively, compared with the control (CK), and the underground biomass reduced by 12.19% and 8.53%.; (2) the average leaf N contents in leaves decreased in the order:N+P > N > CK, increased by 26% and 17%, respectively, compared with the CK. The contents of P and K in leaves did not significantly increase. The ranges of average N/P in CK, N treatment and N+P treatment was 12.58~24.28, 16.67~4.82 and 12.56~23.07, respectively, and the trend presented N > CK > N+P, however, the difference was not significant (p > 0.05); (3) in CK, N and N+P treatments, the ranges of root N contents are 5.20～12.78, 1.54～14.30, 10.16～17.70 g/kg, root N contents increased by 34.38% and 63.45% in N and N+P treatments, respectively; the contents of P in roots were 0.22～0.38 g/kg, 0.38～0.87 g/kg and 0.63~0.94 g/kg, respectively, and variance analysis showed that the contents of P in roots significantly increased (p < 0.05); the root K content did not significantly change; the root N/P ratios were 26.02～49.94, 14.23～20.67 and 12.46～21.28, respectively, and the N/P ratios of the roots decreased with the fertilization; (4) the effect of fertilization on soil organic C was not significant, while total N contents increased significantly (p < 0.05). The contents of soil total P, available K content and N/P increased, but the differences were not significant. It indicated that N and P addition could improve soil nutrient status in loess hilly region, alleviate the nutrient limitation to plant growth, promote the absorption of other nutrient elements by plants, and make more plant nutrient distribute in the ground part.
参考文献/References:
[1] 牟雪.氮添加对草地碳氮磷化学计量特征的影响[J].中国水运(下半月),2015(3):100-101.
[2] 高扬,徐亚娟,彭炎,等.紫色土坡耕地C、P与微生物生物量C、P对不同施肥的响应[J].应用生态学报,2015,(1):108-112.
[3] 黄菊莹,赖荣生,余海龙,等.N添加对宁夏荒漠草原植物和土壤C:N:P生态化学计量特征的影响[J].生态学杂志,2013(11):2850-2856.
[4] 代景忠,卫智军,闫瑞瑞,等.N、P添加对羊草割草场土壤养分及地上生物量的影响[J].中国草地学报,2016,38(2):52-58.
[5] 刘洋,张健,陈亚梅,等.氮磷添加对巨桉幼苗生物量分配和C:N:P化学计量特征的影响[J].植物生态学报,2013,(10):933-941.
[6] 宋丰骥,常庆瑞,钟德燕.黄土高原沟壑区土壤养分空间变异及其与地形因子的相关性[J].西北农林科技大学学报:自然科学版,2011,39(12):166-172.
[7] 郑淑霞,上官周平.黄土高原地区植物叶片养分组成的空间分布格局[J].自然科学进展,2006,16(8):965-973.
[8] 刘世梁,郭旭东,连纲,等.黄土高原土壤养分空间变异的多尺度分析:以横山县为例[J].水土保持学报,2005,19(5):105-108.
[9] 薛超玉,焦峰,张海东,等.黄土丘陵区弃耕地恢复过程中土壤与植物恢复特征[J].草业科学,2016,33(3):368-376.
[10] 汝海丽,张海东,焦峰,等.黄土丘陵区微地形梯度下草地群落植物与土壤碳、氮、磷化学计量学特征[J].自然资源学报,2016,31(10):1752-1763.
[11] 鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M].3版.北京:中国农业出版社,2000.
[12] 孙小妹,肖美玲,师瑞玲,等.营养元素添加对青藏高原亚高寒草甸物种多度分布格局的影响[J].兰州大学学报:自然科学版,2014,50(6):853-859.
[13] 杨晓霞,任飞,周华坤,等.青藏高原高寒草甸植物群落生物量对氮、磷添加的响应[J].植物生态学报,2014,38(2):159-166.
[14] 辛小娟,王刚,杨莹博,等.氮、磷添加对亚高山草甸地上/地下生物量分配的影响[J].生态科学,2014,33(3):452-458.
[15] 祁瑜,黄永梅,王艳,等.施氮对几种草地植物生物量及其分配的影响[J].生态学报,2011,(18):5121-5129.
[16] Majdi H, Andersson P. Fine root production and turnover in a Norway spruce stand in northern Sweden:Effects of nitrogen and water manipulation[J]. Ecosystems,2005,8(2):191-199.
[17] 詹书侠,郑淑霞,王扬,等.羊草的地上-地下功能性状对氮磷施肥梯度的响应及关联[J].植物生态学报,2016,(1):36-47.
[18] Lan Z, Bai Y. Testing mechanisms of N-enrichment-induced species loss in a semiarid Inner Mongolia grassland:Critical thresholds and implications for long-term ecosystem responses[J]. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B:Biological Sciences, 2012,367(1606):3125-3134.
[19] 潘庆民,韩兴国,杨景成.氮素对内蒙古典型草原羊草种群的影响[J].植物生态学报,2005,29(2):311-317.
[20] Müller I, Schmid B, Weiner J. The effect of nutrient availability on biomass allocation patterns in 27 species of herbaceous plants[J]. Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics, 2000,3(2):115-127.
[21] Güsewell S. N:P ratios in terrestrial plants:Variation and functional significance[J]. New Phytologist, 2004,164(2):243-266.
[22] 黄菊莹,赖荣生,余海龙,等.N添加对宁夏荒漠草原植物和土壤C:N:P生态化学计量特征的影响[J].生态学杂志,2013,32(11):2850-2856.
[23] 常云妮,钟全林,程栋梁,等.氮添加对华润楠苗木碳氮磷化学计量特征的影响[J].甘肃农业大学学报,2013,48(5):94-99.
[24] Han W, Fang J, Guo D, et al. Leaf nitrogen and phosphorus stoichiometry across 753 terrestrial plant species in China[J]. New Phytologist, 2005,168(2):377-385.
[25] 张海东,汝海丽,焦峰,等.黄土丘陵区退耕时间序列梯度上草本植被群落与土壤C、N、P、K化学计量学特征[J].环境科学,2016,37(3):1128-1137.
[26] 刘昊,赵宁,曹喆,等.干扰对草地植被与土壤的影响之研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2008,24(5):8-16.
[27] 魏金明,姜勇,符明明,等.水、肥添加对内蒙古典型草原土壤碳、氮、磷及pH的影响[J].生态学杂志,2011,30(8):1642-1646.
[28] 德科加,张德罜,王伟,等.施肥对高寒草甸植物及土壤N, P, K的影响[J].草地学报,2014,22(2):299-305.
[29] 卡着才让,德科加,徐成体.不同施肥时间及施氮水平对高寒草甸生物量和土壤养分的影响[J].草地学报,2015,23(4):726-732.
[30] 陆景陵,胡霭堂.植物营养学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006.
相似文献/References:
[1]师阳阳,陈云明,张光辉,等.不同退耕年限撂荒地植物多样性及生物量分析[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(06):36.
SHI Yang-yang,CHEN Yun-ming,ZHANG Guang-hui,et al.Investigation into the Species Diversity and Biomass of Plants in the Abandoned Farmlands with Different Restoration Years[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(01):36.
[2]王晓,张克斌,苏鹏飞,等.北方农牧交错带不同管理类型下草场治理效果研究[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(06):180.
WANG Xiao,ZHANG Ke-bin,SU Peng-fei,et al.Survey on the Effects of Management Alteration on Grassland in Agropastural Ecotone of North China[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(01):180.
[3]安云,丁国栋,梁文俊,等.间伐对华北土石山区油松林生长及其林下植被发育的影响[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(04):86.
AN Yun,DING Guo-dong,LIANG Wen-jun,et al.Effects of Thinning on the Growth and the Development of Undergrowth of Pinus tabulaeformis Plantation in Rocky Mountain Area of North China[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(01):86.
[4]邝高明,朱清科,刘中奇,等.黄土丘陵沟壑区微地形对土壤水分及生物量的影响[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(03):74.
KUANG Gao-ming,ZHU Qing-ke,LIU Zhong-qi,et al.Effect of Microrelief on the Soil Water and Vegetation Arrangement in Loess Hilly and Gully Region[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(01):74.
[5]王涵,于卫平,何连,等.朝阳苜蓿生物量与营养物质含量变化的研究[J].水土保持研究,2005,12(01):113.
WANG Han,YU Wei-ping,HE Lian,et al.A Elementary Study on Biomass Accumulation and Nutriment Content Change of Medicago Sativa L.cv Jacklin[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2005,12(01):113.
[6]冯忠江,赵欣胜.黄河三角洲芦苇生物量空间变化环境解释[J].水土保持研究,2008,15(03):170.
FENG Zhong-jiang,ZHAO Xin-sheng.The Environmental Interpretation for the Space Change of the Reed Biomass in the Yellow River Delta[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2008,15(01):170.
[7]原鹏飞,丁国栋,赵奎.流动沙丘沙埋对沙柳生长特性的影响[J].水土保持研究,2008,15(04):53.
YUAN Peng-fei,DING Guo-dong,ZHAO Kui.The Impacts of Sand Burial on the Growth Characteristic of Salix Psammophila in Mobile Sand Dune[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2008,15(01):53.
[8]边振,张克斌,李瑞,等.封育措施对宁夏盐池半干旱沙地草场植被恢复的影响研究[J].水土保持研究,2008,15(05):68.
BIAN Zhen,ZHANG Ke-bin,LI Rui,et al.Influence of Land Enclosure on Vegetations Recovery of Semi-arid Sandy Rangeland in Yanchi County, Ningxia[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2008,15(01):68.
[9]张志国,丁洪,张玉树.新型专用肥对菜豆生理活性、生物量及养分利用率的影响[J].水土保持研究,2009,16(03):174.
ZHANG Zhi-guo,DING Hong,ZHANG Yu-shu.Effects of New Special Compound Fertilizers on Physiological Activity, Biomass and Nutrient Use Efficiency in Beans[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2009,16(01):174.
[10]孙飞达,龙瑞军,干友民.高原鼠兔活动对高寒草甸群落植物生物量季节分布的影响[J].水土保持研究,2010,17(02):204.
SUN Fei-da,LONG Rui-jun,GAN You-min.Effects of Plateau Pikas (Ochotona curzoniae) Activities on Plant Biomass Seasonal Distribution of Alpine Meadow Population[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2010,17(01):204.
备注/Memo
收稿日期:2017-1-16;改回日期:2017-3-16。
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（41271043）；国家重点研发计划项目（2016YFA0600801）
作者简介:张少康(1994-),女,河南安阳人,在读硕士生,主要从事黄土丘陵地区植被恢复及其环境效应的研究。E-mail:1406761322@qq.com
通讯作者:焦峰(1967-),男,陕西三原县人,副研究员,博士生导师,主要从事生态水土保持研究。E-mail:Jiaof@nwsuaf.edu.cn