WANG Ning,ZHANG Youli,WANG Baitian,et al.Stoichiometry of Carbon, Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Pinus tabulaeformis Carr. Forest Ecosystems in Shanxi Province, China[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2015,22(01):72-79.
山西省油松林生态系统碳氮磷化学计量特征
- Title:
- Stoichiometry of Carbon, Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Pinus tabulaeformis Carr. Forest Ecosystems in Shanxi Province, China
- Keywords:
- Pinus tabulaeformis Carr.; forest ecosystem; content of carbon; nitrogen and phosphorus; ecological stoichiometry; Shanxi Province
- 分类号:
- S718;Q143
- 摘要:
- 为了评价山西省油松林生态系统的生态化学计量特征，以山西省油松人工幼龄林（AY）、人工中龄林（AM）、天然幼龄林（NY）和天然中龄林（NM）为研究对象，通过38块标准地实测数据，探讨了4种森林类型的化学计量特征。结果显示：1）AY，AM，NY和NM乔木叶片的C∶N∶P分别为276∶8∶1，283∶8∶1，458∶12∶1和362∶11∶1，灌木叶片的C∶N∶P分别为181∶11∶1，132∶8∶1，228∶9∶1和221∶15∶1，草本叶片的C∶N∶P分别为211∶8∶1，200∶9∶1，190∶8∶1和230∶11∶1，凋落物的C∶N∶P分别为347∶3∶1，246∶5∶1，507∶9∶1和327∶9∶1，土壤（0—100 cm）的C∶N∶P分别为23∶6∶1，37∶7∶1，28∶6∶1和30∶5∶1；2）4种类型的C∶N和C∶P基本都表现为凋落物 > 叶片 > 土壤，凋落物和叶片的C∶N和C∶P表现为AY > AM，NY > NM，土壤的C∶N和C∶P则为AM > AY，NM > NY，而N∶P则表现为叶片 > 凋落物 > 土壤，在林龄上表现规律不明显，植物叶片N∶P < 14，存在N限制；3）4种类型植物叶片C∶P均表现为乔木叶片 > 草本叶片 > 灌木叶片，表明油松林生态系统中乔木叶建成效率最高，而灌木叶建成效率最低；4）4种类型土壤层随着土层厚度的增加，C∶N表现出下降规律，C∶P和N∶P规律表现不明显。研究结果表明，4种生态系统的叶片、凋落物和土壤的化学计量特征具有一致性。
- Abstract:
- This paper reports the stoichiometry of carbon∶nitrogen∶phosphorus (C∶N∶P) in four age groups of Pinus tabulaeformis Carr. (also called Chinese pine) forest (artificial young forest, AY; artificial middle-aged forest, AM; natural young forest, NY; natural middle-aged forest, NM) in Shanxi Province, China. The results revealed the followings: (1) The mass-based average C∶N∶P ratios of tree species (shrubs, herbs, litter, soil depth of 100 cm) for the four forest types were 276∶8∶1 in AY, 283∶8∶1 in AM, 458∶12∶1 in NY, and 362∶11∶1 in NM. (2) Regardless of forest ages, the C∶N and C∶P ratios decreased in the order, litter > leaves > soil. The C∶N and C∶P ratios were both greater in the litter and leaves of young forest trees than in the litter and leaves of middle-aged forest trees, and greater in the soil of middle-aged forest than in the soil of young forest. The N∶P ratio was greater in leaves than in litter, and greater in litter than in the soil, and showed variation according to stand ages. For all the species in the forests, the N∶P ratio was consistently less than 14, suggesting that there was N limitation. (3) The C∶P ratio for the leaves of plants growing in the four forest types decreased in the order, arbor leaf > herb leaf > shrub leaf. (4) The C∶N ratio decreased with the increase of soil depth, whereas both the C∶P and N∶P ratios did not show a consistent variation trend along soil depth. (5) The foliar C∶N∶P stoichiometry of plants in the forests did not exhibit a consistent variation trend with stand ages.
参考文献/References:
[1] Stevenson F J, Cole M A. Cycles of soil carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, micronutrients[M]. USA:John Wiley & Sons Inc,1999.
[2] Lal R. Soil carbon sequestration impacts on global climate change and food security[J]. Science,2004,304(5677):1623-1627.
[3] Chapin F S Ⅲ, Matson P A, Vitousek P M. Principles of Terrestrial Ecosystem Ecology[M]. Springer, New York.,Inc,2011.
[4] Hessen D O, ?gren G I, Anderson T R, et al. Carbon sequestration in ecosystems:the role of stoichiometry[J]. Ecology,2004,85(5):1179-1192.
[5] Tessier J T, Raynal D J. Use of nitrogen to phosphorus ratios in plant tissue as an indicator of nutrient limitation and nitrogen saturation[J]. Journal of Applied Ecology,2003,40(3):523-534.
[6] Güsewell S. N:P ratios in terrestrial plants:variation and functional significance[J]. New Phytologist,2004,164(2):243-266.
[7] 张丽霞,白永飞,韩兴国.N:P化学计量学在生态学研究中的应用[J].植物学报:英文版,2004,45(9):1009-1018.
[8] He J S, Wang L, Flynn D F B, et al. Leaf nitrogen:phosphorus stoichiometry across Chinese grassland biomes[J]. Oecologia,2008,155(2):301-310.
[9] 王绍强,于贵瑞.生态系统碳氮磷元素的生态化学计量学特征[J].生态学报,2008,28(8):3937-3947.
[10] Koerselman W, Meuleman A F M. The vegetation N:P ratio:a new tool to detect the nature of nutrient limitation[J]. Journal of Applied Ecology,1996:1441-1450.
[11] von Oheimb G, Power S A, Falk K, et al. N:P ratio and the nature of nutrient limitation in Calluna-dominated heathlands[J]. Ecosystems,2010,13(2):317-327.
[12] von Oheimb G, Power S A, Falk K, et al. N:P ratio and the nature of nutrient limitation in Calluna-dominated heathlands[J]. Ecosystems,2010,13(2):317-327.
[13] Wardle D A, Walker L R, Bardgett R D. Ecosystem properties and forest decline in contrasting long-term chronosequences[J]. Science,2004,305(5683):509-513.
[14] 阎恩荣,王希华,郭明,等.浙江天童常绿阔叶林,常绿针叶林与落叶阔叶林的C:N:P化学计量特征[J].植物生态学报,2010,34(1):48-57.
[15] Davidson E A, de Carvalho C J R, Figueira A M, et al. Recuperation of nitrogen cycling in Amazonian forests following agricultural abandonment[J]. Nature,2007,447(7147):995-998.
[16] Hogan E J, Minnullina G, Smith R I, et al. Effects of nitrogen enrichment on phosphatase activity and nitrogen:phosphorus relationships in Cladonia portentosa[J]. New Phytologist,2010,186(4):911-925.
[17] Niva M, Svensson B M, Karlsson P S. Nutrient resorption from senescing leaves of the clonal plant Linnaea borealis in relation to reproductive state and resource availability[J]. Functional Ecology,2003,17(4):438-444.
[18] ?gren G I. Stoichiometry and nutrition of plant growth in natural communities[J]. Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, 2008,39:153-170.
[19] Han W, Fang J, Guo D, et al. Leaf nitrogen and phosphorus stoichiometry across 753 terrestrial plant species in China[J]. New Phytologist,2005,168(2):377-385.
[20] Richardson S J, Allen R B, Doherty J E. Shifts in leaf N:P ratio during resorption reflect soil P in temperate rainforest[J]. Functional Ecology,2008,22(4):738-745.
[21] 王晶苑,王绍强,李纫兰,等.中国四种森林类型主要优势植物的C:N:P化学计量学特征[J].植物生态学报,2011,35(6):587-595.
[22] 马露莎,陈亚南,张向茹,等.黄土高原刺槐叶片生态化学计量学特征[J].水土保持研究,2014,21(3):57-61.
[23] 吴刚,冯宗炜.中国油松林群落特征及生物量的研究[J].生态学报,1994,14(4):415-422.
[24] 冯建成.山西省森林植被的碳贮量研究[J].山西林业科技,2010,39(1):16-18.
[25] Marschner H. Mineral nutrition of higher plants[M]. New York:Academic Press,1995.
[26] Niinemets V, Kull O. Biomass investment in leaf lamina versus lamina support in relation to growth irradiance and leaf size in temperate deciduous trees[J]. Treephysiology,1999,19(6):349-358..
[27] 方运霆,莫江明,彭少麟,等.森林演替在南亚热带森林生态系统碳吸存中的作用[J].生态学报,2003,23(9):1685-1694.
[28] McGroddy M E, Daufresne T, Hedin L O. Scaling of C:N:P stoichiometry in forests worldwide:implications of terrestrial Redfield-type ratios[J].Ecology,2004,85(9):2390-2401.
[29] 韩文轩,吴漪,汤璐瑛,等.北京及周边地区植物叶的碳氮磷元素计量特征[J].北京大学学报:自然科学版,2009,45(5):855-860.
[30] He J S, Fang J, Wang Z, et al. Stoichiometry and large-scale patterns of leaf carbon and nitrogen in the grassland biomes of China[J]. Oecologia,2006,149(1):115-122.
[31] Güsewell S, Koerselman W, Verhoeven J T A. Biomass N:P ratios as indicators of nutrient limitation for plant populations in wetlands[J]. Ecological Applications,2003,13(2):372-384.
[32] Chapin Ⅲ F S, Moilanen L. Nutritional controls over nitrogen and phosphorus resorption from Alaskan birch leaves[J]. Ecology,1991,72(2):709-715.
[33] ?gren G I. The C:N:P stoichiometry of autotrophs:theory and observations[J]. Ecology Letters,2004,7(3):185-191.
[34] Batjes N H. Total carbon and nitrogen in the soils of the world[J]. European Journal of Soil Science,1996,47(2):151-163.
[35] 黄昌勇.土壤学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000.
[36] De Camargo P B, Trumbore S E, Martinelli L Z, et al. Soil carbon dynamics in regrowing forest of eastern Amazonia[J]. Global Change Biology,1999,5(6):693-702.
相似文献/References:
[1]杨俊鹏,王铁良,范昊明,等.河流生态修复研究进展[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(06):299.
YANG Jun-peng,WANG Tie-liang,FAN Hao-ming,et al.Research Progress of River Ecological Restoration[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(01):299.
[2]宋利君,张燕.漓江流域生态系统的可持续发展研究[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(05):190.
SONG Li-jun,ZHANG Yan.Research for Sustainable Development of Eco-system in Lijiang River Basin[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(01):190.
[3]张洋,刘华,王得祥,等.商洛地区不同林龄油松人工林土壤理化性质研究[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(03):82.
ZHANG Yang,LIU Hua,WANG De-xiang,et al.Study on Soil Physicochemical Properties along Forest Age of Pinus tabulaeformis Plantations[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(01):82.
[4]刘向东,吴钦孝,赵鸿雁,等.黄土丘陵区油松人工林和山杨林林冠对降水的再分配及其对土壤水分的影响[J].水土保持研究,1991,(02):9.
Liu Xiangdong,Wu Qinxiao,Zhao Hongyan,et al.REDISTRIBUTION OF PRECIPITATION BY CANOPIES OF ARTIFICIAL CHINESE PINES AND MOUNTAIN POPLARS AND ITS INFLUENCE ON SOIL MOISTURE IN LOESS HILLY REGION[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1991,(01):9.
[5]吴钦孝,刘向东,赵鸿雁.油松、山杨林枯枝落叶层蓄积动态的研究[J].水土保持研究,1991,(02):51.
Wu Qinxiao,Liu Xiangdong,Zhao Hongyan.A STUDY ON DYNAMICS OF LITTER AMOUNT IN FOREST STANDS OF CHINESE PINE AND MOUNTAIN POPLAR[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1991,(01):51.
[6]赵鸿雁,刘向东,吴钦孝.枯枝落叶层阻延径流速度研究[J].水土保持研究,1991,(02):64.
Zhao Hongyan,Liu Xiangdong,Wu Qinxiao.A STUDY ON RETARDATION OF RUNOFF VELOCITY BY LITTER[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1991,(01):64.
[7]刘广,周心澄.沙地油松栽植试验研究[J].水土保持研究,1995,2(02):163.
Lion Guang,Zhou Xincheng.Study on the Planting Experiment of Pine in Desert[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1995,2(01):163.
[8]郑新兴,陈文福.台湾山坡地区开发为高尔夫球场对水土保持之影响[J].水土保持研究,1995,2(03):89.
Sin-hing Chung,Wen-fu Chen.Soil and Water Conservation Impact of Constructing Hillslope Land to be Golf Courses in Taiwan[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1995,2(01):89.
[9]丁光敏.论小集水区农业开发的可持续性问题[J].水土保持研究,1997,4(01):92.
Ding Guangmin.On the Problems of Sustainability in the Agricultural Development of a Small Catchment[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1997,4(01):92.
[10]廖安中,张淑光,邓岚,等.东江流域水土流失区生态系统研究──以上杨试验区为例[J].水土保持研究,1997,4(03):89.
Liao Anzhong,Zhang Shuguang,Deng Lan,et al.Study on Eco-system of Soil and Water Loss Area in Dongjiang Basin——Taking Shangyang Experimental Area as an Example[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1997,4(01):89.
备注/Memo
收稿日期:2014-12-11;改回日期:2014-12-29。
基金项目:中科院战略先导专项专题“暖温带落叶阔叶混交林区域山西中部森林固碳现状速率和潜力研究”（XDAO5050203-04-01）
作者简介:王宁(1977-),男,陕西合阳人,讲师,博士,主要研究方向为生态环境工程。E-mail:soilandwater@163.com
通讯作者:王百田(1958-),男,陕西富平人,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为生态环境工程。E-mail:13910595782@163.com