[1]赵发珠,韩新辉,杨改河,等.黄土丘陵区不同退耕还林地土壤有机碳、氮密度变化特征[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(04):43-47,52.
　ZHAO Fa-zhu,HAN Xin-hui,YANG Gai-he,et al.Change Characteristics of Density of Soil Organic Carbon and Nitrogen under Land Shifted into Forestland in Hilly Loess Region[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(04):43-47,52.
点击复制

黄土丘陵区不同退耕还林地土壤有机碳、氮密度变化特征

《水土保持研究》[ISSN:1005-3409/CN:61-1272/P] 卷: 19 期数: 2012年04期 页码: 43-47,52 栏目: 出版日期: 2012-08-20
Title:
Change Characteristics of Density of Soil Organic Carbon and Nitrogen under Land Shifted into Forestland in Hilly Loess Region
作者:
赵发珠1,2, 韩新辉2,3, 杨改河2,3, 佟小刚4, 康乐1, 杜约翰2,3
1. 西北农林科技大学 林学院, 陕西 杨凌 712100;
2. 陕西省循环农业工程技术研究中心, 陕西 杨凌 712100;
3. 西北农林科技大学 农学院, 陕西 杨凌 712100;
4. 西北农林科技大学 资源环境学院, 陕西 杨凌 712100
Author(s):
ZHAO Fa-zhu1,2, HAN Xin-hui2,3, YANG Gai-he2,3, TONG Xiao-gang4, KANG Le1, DU Yue-han2,3
1. College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China;
2. The Research Center of Recycle Agricultural Engineering and Technology of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China;
3. College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China;
4. College Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
关键词:
退耕还林; 土壤有机碳; 土壤全氮; 黄土丘陵区
Keywords:
conversion of cropland to forestland; soil organic carbon; soil nitrogen; Hilly Loess Region
分类号:
Q948.113
摘要:
探讨了黄土丘陵区退耕种植10～40 a的柠条、侧柏及刺槐林地0—60 cm不同土层有机碳及全氮密度随退耕年限及在土层分布上的变化特征。结果表明：不同土层相比，退耕栽植柠条、侧柏、刺槐10~40 a后0—20 cm土层有机碳密度平均比20—60 cm增加4.20，6.87，4.46 Mg/hm2；0—20 cm土层的全氮密度比20—60 cm平均增加0.08，0.02，0.07 Mg/hm2。与坡耕地比较，0—20 cm土层在退耕30 a中固碳速率为侧柏[0.33 Mg/（hm2·a）]>刺槐[0.28 Mg/（hm2·a）]>柠条[0.17 Mg/（hm2·a）]，固氮速率则为刺槐[0.03 Mg/（hm2·a）]>侧柏[0.02 Mg/（hm2·a）]>柠条[0.01 Mg/（hm2·a）]，且碳氮固定速率均显著高于深层土壤。10～30 a不同退耕还林地增加的有机碳、氮平均分别有57%和51%来自0—20 cm的土层。不同退耕还林地土壤C/N随土层深度的增加而减小。综上，退耕还林土壤表现出显著的提升土壤碳氮的效应，且以侧柏林地固碳能力较佳，刺槐林地固氮效果较好。
Abstract:
This study was conducted to determine the change characteristics of the density of soil organic carbon and total nitrogen and distribution in soil layers of 0-60 cm with 10-40 years of conversion of cropland to forest in Hilly Loess Region. The results showed that: compared different soil layers in forestland shifted from cropland for 10-40 years, the average organic carbon density in 0-20 cm soil layer of caragana, orientalis and robinia was 4.20, 6.87, 4.46 Mg/hm2, which was higher than that in 20-60 cm soil layer in caragana, orientalis and robinia forest land, respectively, and average nitrogen density was increased 0.08, 0.02, 0.07 Mg/hm2, which was higher than that in 20-60 cm soil layer, respectively. Compared with slope farmland, the organic carbon sequestration rate in 0-20 cm soil layer within 30 years of conversion of cropland to forestland follow the order of orientalis (0.33 Mg·hm-2·a-1)>robinia (0.28 Mg·hm-2·a-1)>caragana (0.17 Mg·hm-2·a-1), and nitrogen sequestration rate follow the order of robinia (0.03 Mg·hm-2·a-1)>orientalis (0.02 Mg·hm-2·a-1)>caragana (0.01 Mg·hm-2·a-1). The carbon and nitrogen sequestration rate of 0-20 cm soil layer was higher than that in deep soil layer. Average 57% of increased soil organic carbon and 51% of increased nitrogen were contributed by 0-20 cm soil during 10-30 years of conversion of cropland to forest. The ratio of C/N decreased with soil depth under all lands of conversion of cropland to forest. In conclusion, conversion of cropland to forestland could significantly increase soil carbon and nitrogen stocks, and orientalis was better for carbon sequestration and robinia was better for nitrogen sequestration.

参考文献/References:

[1] 王春阳,周建斌,夏志敏,等.黄土高原区不同植物凋落物可溶性有机碳含量及其降解[J].应用生态学报,2010,21(12):3001-3006.
[2] 刘苑秋,王芳,柯国庆,等.江西瑞昌石灰岩山区退耕还林对土壤有机碳的影响[J].应用生态学报,2011,22(4):885-890.
[3] 李玉强,赵哈林,陈银萍.陆地生态系统碳源与碳汇及其影响机制研究进展[J].生态学杂志,2005,24(1):37-42.
[4] 吴志祥,谢贵水,陶忠良,等.海南儋州不同林龄橡胶林土壤碳和全氮特征[J].生态环境学报,2009,18(4):1484-1491.
[5] 刘姝媛,刘月秀,叶金盛,等.广东省桉树人工林土壤有机碳密度及其影响因子[J].应用生态学报,2010,21(8):1981-1985.
[6] 马玉红,郭胜利,杨雨林,等.植被类型对黄土丘陵区流域土壤有机碳氮的影响[J].自然资源学报,2007,22(1):97-105.
[7] 廖洪凯,龙健.喀斯特山区不同植被类型土壤有机碳的变化[J].应用生态学报,2011,22(9):2253-2258.
[8] 刘志鹏,邵明安.黄土高原小流域土壤水分及全氮的垂直变异[J].农业工程学报,2010,26(5):71-77.
[9] 江玉梅,陈成龙,徐志红,等.退化红壤区人工林土壤的可溶性有机物、微生物生物量和酶活性[J].应用生态学报,2010,21(9):2273-2278.
[10] 孙文义,郭胜利.天然次生林与人工林对黄土丘陵沟壑区深层土壤有机碳氮的影响[J].生态学报,2010,30(10):2611-2620.
[11] 张景群,苏印泉,徐喜明,等.黄土高原人工刺槐林土壤有机碳动态监测研究[J].西北林学院学报,2009,24(5):21-25.
[12] 李裕元,邵明安,郑纪勇,等.黄土高原北部草地的恢复与重建对土壤有机碳的影响[J].生态学报,2007,27(6):2279-2287.
[13] 李紫燕,李世清,李生秀.黄土高原典型土壤有机氮矿化过程[J].生态学报,2008,28(10):4940-4950.
[14] 杨绒,严德翼,周建斌,等.黄土区不同类型土壤可溶性有机氮的含量及特性[J].生态学报,2007,27(4):1397-1403.
[15] 郭胜利,车升国,梁伟,等.黄土高原沟壑区王东沟小流域土壤有机碳空间分布[J].生态学报,2010,30(1):52-59.
[16] 左小安,赵哈林,赵学勇,等.科尔沁沙地退化植被恢复过程中土壤有机碳和全氮的空间异质性[J].环境科学,2009,30(8):2387-2393.
[17] Young I M,Crwaford J W.The fractal structure of soil aggregates:its measurement and interpretation[J].Journal of Soil Science Society of America,1991,42(2):187-192.
[18] Turcote D L.Fractal fragmentation[J].Geography Research,1986,91(12):1921-1926.
[19] 高旺盛,董孝斌.黄土高原丘陵沟壑区脆弱农业生态系统服务评价:以安塞县为例[J].自然资源学报,2003,18(2):182-188.
[20] 鲍士旦,土壤农化分析[M].3版.北京:中国农业出版社.2000.
[21] Potthoff M,Jackson L,Steenwerth K L,et al.Soil biological and chemical properties in restored perennial grassland in California[J].Restoration Eclogy,2005,13(1):61-73.
[22] Fang C,Smith P,Moncrieff J B,et al.Similar response of labile and resistant soil organic matter pools to changes in temperature[J].Nature,2005,433:57-59.
[23] 徐勇,田均良,沈洪泉,等.生态重建模式的评价方法:以黄土丘陵区为例[J].地理学报,2004,59(4):621-628.
[24] 王征,刘国彬,许明祥.黄土丘陵区植被恢复对深层土壤有机碳的影响[J].生态学报,2010,30(14):3947-3952.
[25] 彭文英,张科利,陈瑶,等.黄土坡耕地退耕还林后土壤理化性质变化研究[J].自然资源学报,2005,20(2):272-278.
[26] 温仲明,焦峰,刘宝元,等.黄土高原森林草原区退耕地植被自然恢复与土壤养分变化[J].应用生态学报,2005,16(11):2025-2029.
[27] 赵溪,李君剑,李洪建.关帝山不同植被恢复类型对土壤碳、氮含量及微生物数量的影响[J].生态学杂志,2010,29(11):2102-2110.
[28] 党亚爱,李世清,王国栋,等.黄土高原典型土壤全氮和微生物氮剖面分布特征研究[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2007,13(6):1020-1027.
[29] Mazzarino M J,Bertilller M B,Sain C,et al.Soil nitrogen dynamics in northeastern Patagonia steppe under different precipitation regines[J].Plant and Soil,1998,202(1):125-131.
[30] Pan K W,Xu Z H,Blumfield T,et al.In situ mineral 15N dynamics and fate of added 15NH4+ in hoop pine plantation and adjacent native forest in subtropical Australia[J].Journal of Soil and Sediments,2008,8(6):398-405.

相似文献/References:

[1]沈艳,傅瓦利,蓝家程,等.岩溶山地不同土地利用方式土壤颗粒有机碳和矿物结合态有机碳的分布特征[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(06):1.
　SHEN Yan,FU Wa-li,LAN Jia-cheng,et al.Distribution Characteristics of Soil Particulate Organic Carbon and Mineral-associated Organic Carbon of Different Land Use in Karst Mountain[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(04):1.
[2]陈媛媛,周运超.灰质白云岩土壤有机碳的团聚体保护[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(06):82.
　CHEN Yuan-yuan,ZHOU Yun-chao.Protection of Soil Organic Carbon in the Calcite Dolomite Aggregate[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(04):82.
[3]裴会敏,许明祥,李强,等.侵蚀条件下土壤有机碳流失研究进展[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(06):269.
　PEI Hui-min,XU Ming-xiang,LI Qiang,et al.Advances in Soil Organic Carbon Losses under Erosion[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(04):269.
[4]李玉进,王百群.施用柳枝稷茎和叶对土壤有机碳与微生物量碳的影响及其分解特征[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(05):78.
　LI Yu-jin,WANG Bai-qun.Effect of Amendment of Leaf and Stem of Switchgrass(Panicum virgatum) on Soil Organic Carbon and Microbial Biomass Carbon as well as the Decomposition Characteristic of the Leaf and Stem[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(04):78.
[5]申建秀,王秀红,刘羽,等.退耕还林前后甘肃正宁县生态系统服务价值的时空变化特征[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(04):59.
　SHEN Jian-xiu,WANG Xiu-hong,LIU Yu,et al.Spatio-temporal Changes of Ecosystem Service Value in Zhengning County, Gansu Province before and after the ‘Grain-for-Green’ Policy[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(04):59.
[6]杨洋,王百群,李玉进.苜蓿对旱地土壤有机碳氮变化的驱动作用[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(03):78.
　YANG Yang,WANG Bai-qun,LI Yu-jin.Driving Effect of Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) on Dynamics of Soil Organic Carbon and Nitrogen in Dryland[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(04):78.
[7]裴新富.黄河流域退耕还林途径研究[J].水土保持研究,2002,9(04):122.
　PEI Xin-fu.Study on the Approach to Returning Farmland to Forests in the Yellow River Basin[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2002,9(04):122.
[8]沙晋明,陈鹏程,陈松林.土壤有机质光谱响应特性研究[J].水土保持研究,2003,10(02):21.
　SHA Jinming,CHEN Pengcheng,CHEN Songlin.Characteristics Analysis of Soil Spectrum Response Resulted From Organic Material[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2003,10(04):21.
[9]孔繁德.秦皇岛北部山区水土流失的特点及形成因素与防治对策[J].水土保持研究,2003,10(02):52.
　KONG Fande.Characteristics, Formative Cause of Soil and Water Loss in North Mountain Area of Qinhuangdao and Controlling Measures[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2003,10(04):52.
[10]李有华,王晓斌,刘润栓.搞好退耕还林需着重解决的几个问题[J].水土保持研究,2004,11(01):110.
　LI You-hua,WANG Xiao-bin,LIU Run-shuan.Problems of Converting Slope Farmland Into Forest and Grassland[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2004,11(04):110.

备注/Memo

收稿日期:2012-1-15;修回日期:2012-2-24
基金项目:国家自然基金（30971695）；教育部高等学校博士点基金（20090204120038）；陕西省自然科学基金（2010JQ5001）
作者简介:赵发珠（1987- ），男，青海湟源县人，硕士研究生，主要从事农业生态研究。E-mail：zhaofazhu@126.com。
通讯作者:杨改河（1957- ），男，陕西铜川人，教授，博士生导师，主要从事生态农业与循环农业技术研究。E-mail：ygh@nwsuaf.edu.cn。

更新日期/Last Update: 1900-01-01