WEN Man,ZHENG Ji-yong.Effects of Different Sizes of Biochar and Their Additiont Rates on Soil Shrinkage Characteristics[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(01):46-50,55.
生物炭不同粒径及不同添加量对土壤收缩特征的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Different Sizes of Biochar and Their Additiont Rates on Soil Shrinkage Characteristics
- 分类号:
- S152.7
- 摘要:
- 土壤收缩特征在准确定量评价土壤结构和水力学特性中发挥重要作用。生物炭孔隙结构发达、比表面积巨大，施加生物炭不仅可以改变土壤的生物、化学性质，而且还影响到土壤的收缩特性。利用离心机法测定了添加不同粒径（2~1 mm，1~0.25 mm，<0.25 mm）、不同比例（0，10，50，100，150 g/kg）生物炭的土壤收缩特征，并采用三直线模型进行了模拟，得出如下结果：相同压力下，土壤比容积随着生物炭含量增加而增大，生物炭有效地限制了土壤收缩。土壤收缩变化过程适用三直线模型描述，伪饱和段和结构段的收缩特征值随生物炭含量增加而减小，超正常段的土壤特征值随生物炭含量增加而增大；生物炭粒径对土壤收缩特征值变化的影响不显著。研究表明，向土壤中添加生物炭能有效降低土壤干燥过程中的收缩程度，改善土壤结构，提高土壤持水性能。
- Abstract:
- Soil shrinkage characteristics play a key role in the quantitative evaluation on soil structure and hydraulic properties. Because of the highly developed porous structure and huge specific surface area, biochar addition into soil can not only change the soil biochemical properties, but also affect the soil shrinkage characteristics. In this paper, the effects of application of 3 biochar sizes (2~1 mm, 1~0.25 mm, <0.25 mm) and 5 application rates(0, 10, 50, 100, 150 g/kg) on soil shrinkage characteristics were examined by using centrifugal method. The relationships between the soil specific volume with the pressure and the water content were fitted by using power function and the three straight lines model, respectively. The results showed the power function and the three straight lines model could well simulate the changes of the soil specific volume with the pressure and the water content. The biochar addition significantly changed the soil shrinkage properties, and the soil specific volume increased with the rise of the biochar addition rates under the same pressure condition. The soil shrinkage characteristics values decreased with the increasing proportion of biochar application at the false saturated stage and structure stage, but it increased at the super normal stage. The effects of different particle sizes of biochar on the soil shrinkage characteristics were not statistically significant. The results indicated that addition of the biochar into soil could reduce the soil shrinkage during the soil desiccation and improve the soil structure and water retention capability.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2011-6-24;改回日期:2011-7-2。
基金项目:国家自然科学基金（410171195）；黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室基金（10502-Z10-3）
作者简介:文曼（1987- ），女，陕西西安人，硕士研究生，从事土壤水动力学相关研究。E-mail：wenmanxy@163.com
通讯作者:郑纪勇（1974- ），男，山东聊城人，副研究员，从事土壤中物质迁移方面研究。E-mail：zhjy@ms.iswc.ac.cn