TONG Haotian,HAN Yanlai,LI Peipei,et al.Effects of Application of Water-Retaining Materials on Water Infiltration and Water Retention Characteristics of Sandy Soil[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2019,26(04):116-122.
几种保水材料对砂质潮土水分参数的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Application of Water-Retaining Materials on Water Infiltration and Water Retention Characteristics of Sandy Soil
- Keywords:
- biochar; wheat straw; water retaining agent; infiltration rate; water content; water holding capacity
- 分类号:
- S157.9
- 摘要:
- 针对砂质潮土水分容量低、持水性差、渗透性强的问题，通过土柱试验比较几种保水材料与沙土培养前后对水分运动参数的改善效果。试验保水材料为：2%生物炭、2%秸秆和0.1%保水剂，施入方式包括2种：与沙土混匀和25 cm处铺层。结果表明：2%生物炭和2%秸秆与沙土混匀总入渗时间分别为各自铺层处理的1.88倍和1.66倍，入渗完成时入渗率降低；而0.1%保水剂在土柱中铺层比混匀延长1.82倍。不同土柱总入渗时间依次为保水剂铺层 > 保水剂混匀 > 秸秆混匀 > 生物炭混匀 > 不添加保水材料的对照（CK）＝秸秆铺层 > 生物炭铺层。混匀处理土柱培养30 d后，各土柱总入渗完成时间均大于培养前，其中生物炭与秸秆总入渗时间分别提高了2.88倍与1.50倍，极大改善沙土漏水。与CK相比，生物炭、秸秆和保水剂的饱和导水率分别降低了6.1%，22.3%，82.4%；培养30 d后分别降低了77.2%，10.5%，79.1%。综上，保水剂铺层施用效果好于混匀，而其余材料与沙土混匀效果较好；随施用时间延长，生物炭和秸秆对沙土水分参数的改善效果较为明显，本结果可以为砂质潮土渗透、持水能力的改良提供方法及数据参考。
- Abstract:
- In order to improve the water parameters of sandy soil with low water capacity, poor water holding capacity and strong permeability, a soil column experiment was used to compare the improvement of sand soil water parameters of application of different water-retaining materials before and after incubation. There are three water-retaining materials: 2% biochar, 2% straw and 0.1% water-retaining agent, and two application methods: mixing with soil and layering at 25 cm of the soil column, six soil column treatments, and a control without water-retaining material (CK); some of the above treatments were selected to incubate at 25℃ for 30 d. The radial motion parameters of water in different treatments were studied, including wetting front infiltration time, infiltration rate, saturated hydraulic conductivity and soil water content in different soil layers. The results showed that the infiltration time of the mixture treatments of 2% biochar and 2% straw were 1.88 times and 1.66 times than the corresponding layering treatments, respectively, and the infiltration rate decreased when the infiltration was completed; in the 0.1% water retention agent columns, on the contrary, the layering treatment was 1.82 times than the mixing treatment; the infiltration durations of different soil columns decreased in the order: layering with 0.1% water retention > mixing with 0.1% water retention agent > mixing with 2% straw > mixing with 2% biochar > CK = layering with 2% straw > layering with 2% biochar; after incubation of the mixing columns at suitable condition, the infiltration time of each material was higher than that before, and the total infiltration time of 2% biochar and 2% straw increased by 2.88 times and 1.50 times, respectively, which showed significant decline of the leakage of sandy soil; compared with CK, the saturated hydraulic conductivity of the treatments of biochar, straw and water retention agent decreased by 6.1%, 22.3% and 82.4%, respectively, before incubation, and decreased by 77.2%, 10.5% and 7.91%, respectively, after column incubation. In conclusion, the effect of layering with water-retaining agent was better than that of mixing treatments, while mixing biochar and straw with soil showed better for improvement of soil water parameters. With the extension of the application time, the improvement of sandy soil parameters affect by biochar and straw greatly increased, especially the biochar application. The results can provide method and data reference for the improvement of sandy soil infiltration and water-retaining.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2018-08-22;改回日期:2018-10-07。
基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2017YFD0301103）；河南省科技攻关计划（农业领域）项目（172102110057）
作者简介:仝昊天(1995-),男,河南濮阳人,在读硕士研究生,研究方向为土壤培肥。E-mail:tht1995@126.com
通讯作者:李培培(1982-),女,河南开封人,副教授,博士,主要从事土壤改良、水肥高效利用研究。E-mail:peipeilee@163.com