基于LECI的三峡库区重庆段景观生态敏感性分析及关键修复区识别
彭春花1,3, 周启刚1,2,3, 孟浩斌1,3, 李明慧1,3, 周 浪1,3, 刘栩位1,3

(1.重庆工商大学 环境与资源学院, 重庆 400067; 2.重庆工商大学 旅游与国土资源学院, 重庆 400067; 3.生态环境空间信息数据挖掘与大数据集成重庆市重点实验室, 重庆 401320)

三峡库区重庆段; 景观生态状况指数; 景观生态; 敏感性

Identification of Key Ecological Restoration Areas of Landscape Based on Positive and Negative Sensitivity Analysis
PENG Chunhua1,3, ZHOU Qigang,1,2,3, MENG Haobin1,3, LI Minghui1,3, ZHOU Lang1,3, LIU Xuwei1,3

(1.College of Environment and Resources, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing 400067, China; 2.School of Tourism and Land Resources, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing 400067, China; 3.Chongqing Key Laboratory of Spatial Data Mining and Big Data Integration for Ecology and Environment, Chongqing 401320, China)

Chongqing section of the Three Gorges Reservoir area; landscape ecological condition index; landscape ecology; sensitivity

备注

景观生态环境状况好坏是景观生态系统对自然环境变化和人类活动干扰程度及生态环境问题发生可能性大小的一种反映。基于景观功能和景观格局组成要素,构建了包含11个指标的景观生态状况评价模型,采用景观生态状况指数(LECI)及景观生态敏感性指数(LESI),揭示了2002—2017年三峡库区重庆段景观生态状况时空变化特征,识别了景观生态关键修复区。结果表明:(1)2002—2017年,研究区景观生态状况空间分布具有较好的一致性,等级值呈现从东到西逐渐减小趋势。2012年是三峡库区重庆段景观生态环境状况变化的转折点,此后景观生态环境状况逐渐变好;(2)2002—2007年景观生态敏感性以微负敏感为主,占研究区的49.843%。2007—2012年和2012—2017年景观生态敏感性以中性敏感为主,分别占研究区的47.426%,98.208%。研究年限内区域整体生态在向好的方向转变;(3)近15年,研究区东部景观生态敏感性等级波动变化主要为波动增强型,南部主要为持续稳定型,西部主要为持续弱化型,北部主要为波动弱化型。研究区整体景观生态稳定性较低,西部及北部区域需警惕景观生态退化风险;(4)识别研究区生态修复关键区域面积共999.83 km2,占研究区总面积的2.17%,同时提出了生态修复策略以治理区域环境及保护景观生态。本研究丰富了区域景观生态评价方法,也对生态敏感区和修复区的评估具有一定的借鉴意义。
The status of the landscape ecological environment is a reflection of the degree of interference of the landscape ecosystem to the changes in the natural environment and human activities, as well as the possibility of ecological environmental problems. Based on landscape functions and landscape pattern components, we constructed a landscape ecological status evaluation model with 11 indicators. Using the Landscape Ecological Status Index(LECI)and the Landscape Ecological Sensitivity Index(LESI), we revealed the characteristics of temporal and spatial changes of landscape ecological conditions in Chongqing section of the Three Gorges Reservoir from 2002 to 2017, and identified key restoration areas of landscape ecology. The results show that:(1)from 2002 to 2017, the spatial distribution of landscape ecological conditions in the study area had a good consistency, and the grade value showed a gradually decreasing trend from east to west; a turning point for the changes in the landscape ecological environment in the Chongqing section of the Three Gorges Reservoir area was found in 2012; since then, the landscape ecological environment had gradually improved;(2)from 2002 to 2007, the landscape ecological sensitivity was dominated by slight negative sensitivity, accounting for 49.843% of the study area; in the periods of 2007—2012 and 2012—2017, the landscape ecological sensitivity was mainly neutral sensitivity, accounting for 47.426% and 98.208% of the study area, respectively; during the study period, the overall ecology of the region was changing into the better condition;(3)in the past 15 years, the changes in the landscape ecological sensitivity level in the eastern part of the study area were mainly volatility enhancement, the southern part was mainly continuous and stable, the west was mainly continuously weakened, and the north was mainly volatile; the overall landscape ecological stability of the study area was low, and the western and northern regions need to be alerted to the risk of landscape ecological degradation;(4)the key area of ecological restoration in the study area was 999.83 km2, accounting for 2.17% of the total area of the study area, and ecological restoration was proposed; the strategies to manage the regional environment and protect the landscape ecology were put forward. This study can enrich the regional landscape ecological evaluation methods, and also provide certain reference significance for the evaluation of ecologically sensitive areas and restoration areas.