ZHANG Shujuan,HE Xiubin,BAO Yuhai,et al.Change Characteristics of Soil Aggregates at Different Water Levels in the Water-Level Fluctuation Zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2021,28(01):25-30.
三峡水库消落带不同水位高程土壤团聚体变化特征
- Title:
- Change Characteristics of Soil Aggregates at Different Water Levels in the Water-Level Fluctuation Zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir
- 文章编号:
- 1005-3409(2021)01-0025-06
- Keywords:
- soil aggregate; stability; water level; water-level fluctuation zone; Three Gorges Reservoir
- 分类号:
- S152.4
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 为探究三峡水库消落带水位周期性涨落对土壤团聚体组成及稳定性的影响,采集消落带不同水位高程150 m,155 m,160 m,165 m,170 m和175 m的表层土壤,以未淹水高程180 m的表层土壤为对照,采用干筛法与湿筛法对土壤团聚体组成和稳定性进行了分析。结果表明:(1)7个水位高程土壤中>0.25 mm的非水稳性和水稳性团聚体含量分别占95%以上和63.60%以上; >5 mm的非水稳性和水稳性团聚体含量均随水位高程降低显著降低,最大降幅分别为19.71%和85.20%; <0.25 mm的非水稳性和水稳性团聚体含量均随水位高程的降低呈增加的趋势,最大增幅分别为289.97%和402.97%。(2)>0.25 mm水稳性团聚体含量随着水位高程的降低显著降低,由180 m的92.75%逐渐降低到150 m的63.60%; 平均重量直径和几何平均直径均随着水位高程的降低显著降低,降幅分别为3.31%～66.43%和5.81%～81.35%; 分形维数介于2.41～2.73,随着水位高程的降低而增加; 与180 m土壤相比,消落带内土壤团聚体破碎率随着水位高程的降低而增加,增幅分别为4.73%,24.49%,54.22%,78.55%,169.26%和463.51%。(3)团聚体稳定性指标与土壤颗粒组成、容重和有机碳含量均显著或极显著相关,其中>0.25 mm水稳性团聚体含量、平均重量直径和几何平均直径与有机碳具有极显著正相关关系,分形维数和团聚体破碎率与有机碳极显著负相关。三峡水库消落带水位周期性涨落显著改变了团聚体的组成和稳定性,随水位高程的降低,团聚体稳定性显著降低,研究结果可为三峡水库消落带土壤侵蚀研究提供科学依据。
- Abstract:
- In order to study the effects of the periodic water-level fluctuation on soil aggregate composition and stability in the Three Gorges Reservoir, the topsoil samples were collected at different water levels of 150 m, 155 m, 160 m, 165 m, 170 m and 175 m in the water-level fluctuation zone and at the elevation of 180 m from the bank uplands where soil was used as a control since it was not subjected to inundation. The present study used dry and wet sieving methods to analyze the composition and stability of soil aggregate. The results showed that:(1)the content of >0.25 mm air-dried aggregates and water-stable aggregates at seven water levels accounted for more than 95% and 63.60%, respectively; the content of >5 mm air-dried aggregates and water-stable aggregates significantly decreased with the decrease of water levels, and the maximum reductions were 19.71% and 85.20%, respectively; the content of <0.25 mm air-dried aggregates and water-stable aggregates significantly increased with the decrease of water levels, and the maximum increases were 289.97% and 402.97%, respectively;(2)the content of >0.25 mm water-stable aggregates decreased significantly with the decrease of water levels, decreasing gradually from 92.75% of 180 m to 63.60% of 150 m; mean weight diameter and geometric mean diameter decreased significantly with the decrease of water levels, and the decreased ranges were 3.31%～66.43% and 5.81%～81.35%, respectively; fractal dimension was between 2.41～2.73, which increased with the decrease of water levels; compared with soil at 180 m, the percentage of aggregate destruction in the water-level fluctuation zone increased by 4.73%, 24.49%, 54.22%, 78.55%, 169.26% and 463.51% with the decrease of water levels, respectively;(3)the aggregate stability indexes were significantly or extremely significantly related to soil particle composition, bulk density, and soil organic carbon; >0.25 mm water-stable aggregate content, mean weight diameter, and geometric mean diameter had the significantly positive correlation with soil organic carbon, while fractal dimension and the percentage of aggregate destruction were significantly negatively correlated with organic carbon. It can thus be deduced that the periodic water-level fluctuation of the Three Gorges Reservoir significantly changed aggregate composition and stability. With the decrease of water levels, soil aggregate stability decreased significantly. This research can provide a basis for the study of soil erosion in the water-level fluctuation zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir.
参考文献/References:
[1] 林培松,高全洲.不同土地利用方式下紫色土结构特性变化研究[J].水土保持研究,2010,17(4):134-138.
[2] Bernard B, Eric R. Aggregate stability as an indicator of soil susceptibility to runoff and erosion: validation at several levels [J]. Catena, 2002,47(2):133-149.
[3] 李娟,韩霁昌,陈超,等.黄土高原丘陵沟壑区土地利用方式对土壤团聚体特征的影响[J].水土保持学报,2017,31(1):248-253,259.
[4] 李燕燕,刘亮英,张志坚,等.亚热带红壤区自然恢复草地转换为人工林后对土壤团聚体有机碳周转的影响[J].水土保持学报,2019,33(11):80-85.
[5] 韩加强,高晓飞,路炳军,等.水保措施对褐土水稳性大团聚体的影响研究[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(6):54-57.
[6] 刘艳,马茂华,吴胜军,等.干湿交替下土壤团聚体稳定性研究进展与展望[J].土壤,2018,50(5):853-865.
[7] 江仁涛,李富程,沈凇涛.川西北高寒草地退化对土壤团聚体组成及稳定性的影响[J].水土保持研究,2018,25(4):36-42.
[8] He X B, Bao Y H, Nan H W, et al. Tillage pedogenesis of purple soils in Southwestern China [J]. Journal of Mountain Science, 2009,6(2):205-210.
[9] 吕发友,唐强,张淑娟,等.三峡水库消落带紫色土物理性质对反复淹水作用的响应[J].水土保持研究,2018,25(1):276-281.
[10] Bao Y H, He X B, Wen A B, et al. Dynamic changes of soil erosion in a typical disturbance zone of China's Three Gorges Reservoir [J]. Catena, 2018,169:128-139.
[11] Tang Q, Bao Y H, He X B, et al. Flow regulation manipulates contemporary seasonal sedimentary dynamics in the reservoir fluctuation zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir, China [J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2016,548:410-420.
[12] 汤显强,吴敏,金峰.三峡库区消落带植被恢复重建模式探讨[J].长江科学院院报,2012,29(3):13-17.
[13] Zhang S J, Tang Q, Bao Y H, et al. Effects of seasonal water-level fluctuation on soil pore structure in the Three Gorges Reservoir, China [J]. Journal of Mountain Science, 2018,15(10):107-121.
[14] 中国科学院南京土壤研究所.土壤理化分析[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1978.
[15] 杨培岭,罗远培,石元春.用粒径的重量分布表征的土壤分形特征[J].科学通报,1993,38(20):1896-1899.
[16] 陆铸畴,包忻怡, Liu X,等.应用Le Bissonnais法研究三峡库区消落带土壤水稳性团聚体稳定性[J].灌溉排水学报,2018,37(5):115-120.
[17] 彭新华,张斌,赵其国.土壤有机碳库与土壤结构稳定性关系的研究进展[J].土壤学报,2004,41(4):618-623.
相似文献/References:
[1]苏卓侠,苏冰倩,上官周平.植物凋落物分解对土壤有机碳稳定性影响的研究进展[J].水土保持研究,2022,29(02):406.
SU Zhuoxia,SU Bingqian,SHANGGUAN Zhouping.Advances in Effects of Plant Litter Decomposition on the Stability of Soil Organic Carbon[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2022,29(01):406.
[2]吴 旭,牛耀彬,高照良,等.不同治理措施下高速公路堆积体土壤团聚体变化特征[J].水土保持研究,2022,29(03):71.
WU Xu,NIU Yaobin,GAO Zhaoliang,et al.Variation Characteristics of Soil Aggregates Under the Treatment Measures on the Expressway Engineering Accumulation Slope[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2022,29(01):71.
[3]王春燕,谢贤健,周贵尧,等.巨桉人工林下土壤团聚体分形特征及碱解氮分布研究[J].水土保持研究,2015,22(03):88.
WANG Chunyan,XIE Xianjian,ZHOU Guiyao,et al.Fractal Features of Soil Aggregates and Distribution of Alkaline Hydrolytic Nitrogen in Different Types of Eucalyptus grandis Plantations[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2015,22(01):88.
[4]孙隆祥,陈梦妮,薛建福,等.秸秆还田对麦粱两熟农田土壤团聚体特征的短期效应[J].水土保持研究,2018,25(06):36.
SUN Longxiang,CHEN Mengni,XUE Jianfu,et al.Short-Term Responses of Soil Aggregate Characteristics to Different Annual Straw Incorperation Rates in Winter Wheat-Summer Sorghum Cropping System[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2018,25(01):36.
[5]冯欢,张俊岭,张凤华.不同复垦模式对土壤团聚体及水溶性阳离子的影响[J].水土保持研究,2018,25(06):94.
FENG Huan,ZHANG Junling,ZHANG Fenghua.Effects of Different Restoration Patterns on Distribution of Soil Aggregates and Water Soluble Cations of Abandoned Salinized Field[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2018,25(01):94.
[6]韩馥,王百群,张尚鹏,等.子午岭植被对土壤团聚体及磷素分布的驱动作用[J].水土保持研究,2019,26(05):118.
HAN Fu,WANG Baiqun,ZHANG Shangpeng,et al.Driving Effects of Vegetation on the Distributions of Soil Aggregates and Phosphorus in Ziwuling Mountain[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2019,26(01):118.
[7]万海霞,马璠,许浩,等.宁夏南部黄土丘陵区典型草本群落根系垂直分布特征与土壤团聚体的关系[J].水土保持研究,2019,26(06):80.
WAN Haixia,MA Fan,XU Hao,et al.Relationship Between Vertical Distribution Characteristics of Roots and Soil Aggregates in Typical Herb Communities in Loess Area of Southern Ningxia[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2019,26(01):80.
[8]林绍霞,张清海,张珍明,等.不同垦植模式茶园土壤性状及团聚体特征研究[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(06):45.
LIN Shao-xia,ZHANG Qing-hai,ZHANG Zhen-ming,et al.Research for Soil Properties and Aggregates in Tea Plantation with Different Planting Patterns[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(01):45.
[9]韩加强,高晓飞,路炳军,等.水保措施对褐土水稳性大团聚体的影响研究[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(06):50.
HAN Jia-qiang,GAO Xiao-fei,LU Bing-jun,et al.Research on the Influence of Measures of Soil and Water Conservation on the Water-stable Macroaggregates in Cinnamon Soil[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(01):50.
[10]黄安,谢贤健,周贵尧,等.内江市微地形条件影响下土壤团聚体稳定性及分形特征[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(06):77.
HUANG An,XIE Xian-jian,ZHOU Gui-yao,et al.The Soil Aggregates Stability and the Fractal Features as Influenced by Tiny Terrain Conditions in Neijiang City[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(01):77.
[11]苟天雄,刘 韩,帅 伟,等.川西高寒山地不同海拔高度土壤团聚体特征[J].水土保持研究,2020,27(01):47.
GOU Tianxiong,LIU Han,SHUAI Wei,et al.Characteristics of Soil Aggregate at Different Altitude Gradients in High-Frigid Mountain of West Sichuan Region[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2020,27(01):47.
[12]陈 静,陈 海,朱大运,等.石漠化地区林草复合治理对土壤团聚体稳定性和可蚀性的影响[J].水土保持研究,2020,27(04):1.
CHEN Jing,CHEN Hai,ZHU Dayun,et al.Effects of Combined Governance Using Forest and Grass on Stability and Erosibility of Soil Aggregates in Rock Desertification Area[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2020,27(01):1.
[13]王 平,丁智强,李璐杉,等.滇中主要森林类型土壤团聚体稳定性及其变化机制[J].水土保持研究,2024,31(05):232.[doi:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.2024.05.007]
Wang Ping,Ding Zhiqiang,Li Lushan,et al.Stability and Mechanisms of Soil Aggregates in Major Forest Types in Central Yunnan[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2024,31(01):232.[doi:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.2024.05.007]
备注/Memo
收稿日期:2020-03-13 修回日期:2020-04-12
资助项目:国家自然科学基金“三峡消落带土壤结构变化与抗剪强度响应机理”(41771321); “三峡水库消落带泥沙沉积动态变化及其对水文节律的响应”(41771320); “三峡水库消落带草本植物根系形态结构变化及土壤抗蚀性能响应”(41977075)
第一作者:张淑娟(1989—),女,山东单县人,博士研究生,主要从事土壤结构与水土保持研究。E-mail:zsj0816@126.com
通信作者:贺秀斌(1967—),男,陕西镇安人,博士,研究员,主要从事土壤侵蚀与水土保持研究。E-mail:xiubinh@imde.ac.cn