[1]江丽,薛翠翠,安萍莉.基于作物生育期灾害敏感指数的旱灾粮食减产量研究[J].水土保持研究,2011,18(01):183-187,191.
JIANG Li,XUE Cui-cui,AN Ping-li.Research on the Amount of Grain Loss by Droughts Based on the Sensitive Index of Crop Growth Period[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2011,18(01):183-187,191.
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《水土保持研究》[ISSN:1005-3409/CN:61-1272/P]
卷:
18
期数:
2011年01期
页码:
183-187,191
栏目:
出版日期:
2011-02-20
- Title:
-
Research on the Amount of Grain Loss by Droughts Based on the Sensitive Index of Crop Growth Period
- 作者:
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江丽, 薛翠翠, 安萍莉
-
中国农业大学 资源与环境学院 土地资源管理系, 北京 100193
- Author(s):
-
JIANG Li, XUE Cui-cui, AN Ping-li
-
Department of Land Resources Management, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
-
- 关键词:
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旱灾; 作物生育期; 灾害敏感指数; 粮食减产
- Keywords:
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drought; crop growth period; sensitive index of disaster; grain yield reduction
- 分类号:
-
S423
- 摘要:
-
我国是自然灾害频繁发生的国家,自然灾害造成不同程度的粮食减产,是粮食安全的潜在风险源。该文以旱灾为主,将全国各地区作物生育期、不同旱灾强度、发生时间及发生次数进行耦合分析,研究其耦合规律及主要粮食作物在各生育期对灾害的敏感性,并据此计算我国不同地区旱灾减产量并进行风险评价分析。研究表明,冬小麦的返青、乳熟和成熟期,春小麦的分蘖、乳熟和成熟期,玉米的三叶、七叶和成熟期以及水稻的返青、孕穗、乳熟和成熟期均是防灾减灾的关键期,应该加强农田管理,减少灾害损失。旱灾对我国粮食主产区影响较大,粮食减产风险防范关键区主要分布在黄淮海区、长江中下游区。
- Abstract:
-
China is a county with frequent natural disasters. Natural disasters have grain yield reduction at different levels, and are the potential sources of food security. Based on studies of drought, this paper couples crop growth periods with different intensities, the times and frequencies of drought, further studies on the coupling laws and the sensitivities of disaster at different growth periods of main grain crops, calculates the amount of grain yield reduction caused by drought, analyzes and evaluates drought risk. The results show that the re-greening, milky stage and maturity stage of winter wheat, tillering stage, milky stage and maturity stage of spring wheat, trefoil stage, seven leaves and maturity stage of maize, the re-greening stage, booting stage, milky stage and maturity stage of rice are the critical periods of drought precaution and drought mitigation. Droughts have greater impact on China’s main grain-producing areas. The key areas of drought precaution are mainly distributed in the North China Plain, the Yangtze District.
参考文献/References:
[1] 陈国平.夏玉米的栽培[M].北京:农业出版社, 1994.
[2] 张养才, 何维勋, 李世奎.中国农业气象灾害概论[M].北京:气象出版社, 1991.
[3] 苏广达.作物学[M].广东:高等教育出版社, 2000.
[4] 中华人民共和国国家标准GB/T20481-2006, 气象干旱等级[S].北京:中国标准出版社, 2006.
[5] 李云辉, 贺一梅, 杨子生.云南省金沙江流域因灾减产粮食量分析[J].山地学报, 2002, 20(S1):43-48.
[6] 贺一梅.云南省1952-2006年因灾减产粮食量研究[J].云南财经学院学报:社会科学版, 2007, 22(6):110-113.
[7] 雷治平, 刘引鸽, 李录堂.陕西农业干旱灾害分析评估[J].陕西气象, 2006(1):27-30.
[8] 张文宗, 赵春雷, 康西官, 等.河北省冬小麦旱灾风险评估和区划方法研究[J].干旱地区农业研究, 2009, 27(3):11-15.
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更新日期/Last Update:
1900-01-01