Li Jiaming,Zhang Zhilan,Chen Xiaoyan,et al.Investigation on error and calibration of tipping bucket runoff and sediment semi-automatic monitoring equipment[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2025,32(02):167-177.[doi:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.2025.02.002]
翻斗式径流泥沙半自动监测设备的误差及校准分析
- Title:
- Investigation on error and calibration of tipping bucket runoff and sediment semi-automatic monitoring equipment
- 文章编号:
- 1005-3409(2025)02-0167-11
- 关键词:
- 径流泥沙半自动监测设备; 翻斗式; 误差分析; 校准模型
- Keywords:
- runoff and sediment semi-automatic monitoring equipment; tipping bucket; error analysis; calibration model
- 分类号:
- S157
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- [目的]分析翻斗式径流泥沙半自动监测设备在野外实际应用下的误差规律,构建径流量和泥沙量校准模型,为径流泥沙半自动监测设备的应用提供依据。[方法]采用天然降雨径流泥沙监测数据,对翻斗式径流泥沙半自动监测设备的径流量和泥沙量测量值的误差进行分析,基于人工模拟径流冲刷试验初步构建了径流量和泥沙量的校准函数,结合自然降雨试验数据构建了7个径流小区径流泥沙半自动监测设备的径流量和泥沙量校准模型,并验证校准模型的可行性。[结果](1)翻斗式径流泥沙半自动监测设备得到的径流量和泥沙量与实测值存在一定误差,次降雨条件下各径流小区径流量和泥沙量相对误差分别介于0.03%～139.52%和0.32%～346.19%,且误差均随径流量和泥沙量的增大而减小; 年尺度上径流量和泥沙量的误差分别介于2.23%～45.03%和-10.38%～103.26%,径流量的自动测量数据总体偏大,而泥沙量没有明显规律,但半自动监测设备次降雨尺度监测结果的误差大于年尺度的误差。(2)翻斗式径流泥沙半自动监测设备的监测数据可以用线性函数方程进行校准,通过径流模型、泥沙模型校准后,径流量和泥沙量均方根误差均大幅下降,相对误差分别介于-0.01%～0.68%和0.00%～3.52%,能够达到径流泥沙监测数据误差均小于5%的相关要求。[结论]虽然径流泥沙半自动监测设备的使用对加快水土流失监测自动化进程、提升数据获取效率具有重要意义,但设备安装后需要进行进一步校准,采用自然降雨真实径流数据建立的校准模型,校准结果更佳。
- Abstract:
- [Objective]The aims of this study are to analyze the error law of tipping bucket type semi-automatic monitoring equipment for runoff and sediment in field application, to construct calibration models for runoff and sediment measured by semi-automatic monitoring equipment, and to provide a basis for the application of runoff and sediment semi-automatic monitoring equipment. [Methods]Natural rainfall runoff and sediment monitoring data were utilized to analyze the error of the measured values of runoff and sediment of the tipping bucket runoff and sediment semi-automatic monitoring equipment. Based on the artificial simulated runoff scouring experiment, the runoff and sediment calibration function of runoff and sediment was preliminarily constructed. Combined with the natural rainfall test data, the runoff and sediment calibration models for 7 runoff plots were constructed, and the feasibility of the calibration models was verified. [Results](1)There were some errors between the runoff and sediment monitored by the semi-automatic monitoring equipment and the measured values. At rainfall event scale, the relative errors of runoff and sediment in each runoff plot were between 0.03%～139.52% and 0.32%～346.19%, respectively, and the errors decreased with the increase of runoff volume and sediment amount. At annual scale, the errors of runoff and sediment were between 2.23%～45.03% and -10.38%～103.26%, respectively. The automatic measurement data of runoff was generally greater, whereas there was no obvious regularity in sediment amount. Nevertheless, the error of the monitoring results of the semi-automatic monitoring equipment at rainfall event scale was greater than that at annual scale.(2)The monitoring data of the tipping bucket runoff and sediment semi-automatic monitoring equipment could be calibrated by the linear functions. After the calibration of the runoff model and the sediment model, the root mean square error of runoff volume and sediment mount were greatly reduced. The relative errors were between -0.01%～0.68% and 0.00%～3.52%, which could meet the relevant requirements of runoff and sediment monitoring data error less than 5%. [Conclusions]Although the use of semi-automatic monitoring equipment for runoff and sediment is of great significance for promoting the automation process of soil erosion monitoring and improving the efficiency of data acquisition, further calibration is needed after the equipment is installed. The calibration model established by real runoff data of natural rainfall is better.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2024-04-09 修回日期:2024-05-09 接受日期:2024-05-21
资助项目:国家自然科学基金(42307422); 中央高校基本业务费项目(SWU-KQ22039); 重庆市水利科技项目(CQSLK-2022008); 西南大学研究生科研创新项目(SWUS23090)
第一作者:李佳明(1999—),男,吉林榆树人,硕士研究生,研究方向为水土保持。E-mail:2257029037@qq.com
通信作者:陈晓燕(1971—),女,重庆人,博士,教授,主要从事水土保持研究。E-mail:c400716@126.com；朱平宗(1991—),男,江西乐安人,博士,副教授,主要从事水土保持研究。E-mail:zpz2411615087@163.com