[1]李智勇,张梦杰,陈明玉,等.苜蓿对坡面产流产沙及土壤水分的影响[J].水土保持研究,2021,28(05):54-60.
　LI Zhiyong,ZHANG Mengjie,CHEN Mingyu,et al.Effects of Alfalfa(Medicago sativa L.)on Runoff and Sediment Yield and Soil Moisture on Slope[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2021,28(05):54-60.
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苜蓿对坡面产流产沙及土壤水分的影响

《水土保持研究》[ISSN:1005-3409/CN:61-1272/P] 卷: 28 期数: 2021年05期 页码: 54-60 栏目: 出版日期: 2021-08-20
Title:
Effects of Alfalfa(Medicago sativa L.)on Runoff and Sediment Yield and Soil Moisture on Slope
文章编号:
1005-3409(2021)05-0054-07
作者:
李智勇1,张梦杰2,陈明玉1,杨 析1,甘 淼1,李同川1,3
(1.西北农林科技大学 资源环境学院,陕西 杨凌 712100; 2.湖南省水利水电科学研究院,长沙 410007; 3.中国科学院 水利部 水土保持研究所,陕西 杨凌 712100)
Author(s):
LI Zhiyong1,ZHANG Mengjie2,CHEN Mingyu1,YANG Xi1,GAN Miao1,LI Tongchuan1,3
(1.College of Natural Resources and Environment,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China; 2.Hunan Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Changsha 410007,China; 3.Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,CAS and MWR,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China)
关键词:
土壤侵蚀;  产流产沙;  模拟降雨;  苜蓿;  土壤储水量
Keywords:
soil erosion;  runoff and sediment yield;  simulated rainfall;  alfalfa;  soil water storage
分类号:
S157.1
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
苜蓿在黄土高原生态恢复中发挥着重要作用,为进一步了解苜蓿对坡面产流产沙及土壤水分的影响,通过室内人工模拟降雨试验,研究了不同坡度(5°,10°和15°)和不同苜蓿覆盖度(裸地、低覆盖度和高覆盖度)下的径流速率、产沙速率和土壤水分状况。结果表明:(1)苜蓿可以显著(p<0.01)降低坡面径流速率,在15°坡面条件下,与裸地坡面(1.34 mm/min)相比,低和高苜蓿覆盖度坡面的平均径流速率分别降低了43%和78%,而坡度对径流速率没有显著影响(p>0.05);(2)苜蓿可以显著(p<0.01)减少坡面产沙速率,在15°坡面,裸地的平均产沙速率为23.5 g/(m2·min),分别是低和高苜蓿覆盖度坡面的8.6倍和13.7倍,不同坡度下产沙速率差异明显;(3)苜蓿降低坡面侵蚀产沙的能力强于减缓坡面径流的能力;(4)降雨24 h后,在低和高苜蓿覆盖度下,不同坡度处理0—90 cm深度土壤储水量增量平均值分别为15.9～21.3 mm和28.6～38.7 mm,而裸地坡面为6.4 mm; 并且随着覆盖度的增加,土壤水分入渗深度也逐渐增加。苜蓿覆盖可以减缓坡面径流、降低坡面产沙并提高土壤水分入渗量。
Abstract:
Alfalfa plays an important role in the ecological restoration of Loess Plateau. In this work,the runoff rate,sediment yield rate,and soil moisture conditions were measured under indoor simulated artificial rainfall with 80 mm/ h of rainfall intensity 60-minute rainfall duration different slopes(5°,15°,and 10°)and three kinds of alfalfa coverage(bare land,low coverage,and high coverage)to further understand the effects of alfalfa on these parameters. Results show that:(1)alfalfa can significantly reduce the runoff on slope(p<0.01); compared with that in bare slope(1.34 mm/min),the surface runoff on slope reduces by 43% and 78% under low and high alfalfa coverage,respectively; however,the difference was not significant(p>0.05);(2)alfalfa coverage can significantly reduce sediment yield on the slope surface(p<0.01); the average sediment yield rate on bare slope surface was 23.50 g/(m2·min)at the slope of 15°,which is 8.6 and 13.7 times of that on slopes with low and high alfalfa coverage,respectively;(3)the effects of alfalfa on reducing erosion and sediment yield are stronger than that on reducing runoff;(4)after 24 h of rainfall,the average increment of soil water storage in the 0—90 cm depth soil layer is 15.9～21.3 mm and 28.6～38.7 mm in slopes with low and high alfalfa coverage,respectively,and the increment of soil water storage in the bare slope is 6.4 mm; and with the increase of coverage,the infiltration depth of soil water also increases gradually. Therefore,alfalfa mulch can significantly reduce the runoff and the sediment yield and increase the soil water infiltration.

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备注/Memo

收稿日期:2020-09-14 修回日期:2020-11-01
资助项目:中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(B类)(XDB40000000); 西北农林科技大学人才专项资金资助项目(Z111022011)
第一作者:李智勇(1998—),男,河南驻马店人,硕士研究生,主要从事土壤生态学研究。E-mail:lizhiyong_1998@163.com
通信作者:李同川(1988—),男,河南新乡人,副教授,博士,主要从事土壤生态学研究。E-mail:litongchuan_xinong@163.com

更新日期/Last Update: 2021-08-20