TAO Jinyuan,ZHANG Mengnan,XU Lei,et al.Analysis of Spatial Differentiation of Rural Settlements and Its Effect Mechanisms Based on GIS in the Poverty Belt Around Beijing and Tianjin[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2020,27(06):300-307.
基于GIS的环京津贫困带乡村聚落时空分异及影响因素分析
- Title:
- Analysis of Spatial Differentiation of Rural Settlements and Its Effect Mechanisms Based on GIS in the Poverty Belt Around Beijing and Tianjin
- 文章编号:
- 1005-3409(2020)06-0300-08
- Keywords:
- rural settlements; spatial differentiation; spatial correlation; spatial econometric model; the poverty belt around Beijing and Tianjin
- 分类号:
- K928.5
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 识别乡村聚落时空分异与关联特征是实现乡村聚落布局优化的重要基础和前提。为探究环京津贫困带乡村聚落空间格局及差异性,以环京津贫困带为研究对象,综合运用GIS技术,借助核密度、景观格局指数等方法,定量分析2005年与2015年乡村聚落时空分异特征; 并引入空间依赖性理论,利用探索性空间数据和空间计量模型分析了贫困带乡村聚落分布的空间关联性及影响因素。结果表明:(1)环京津贫困带乡村聚落空间格局呈现明显的“东南部、西北部较密集、北部稀疏”的分异特征; 同2005年相比,2015年乡村聚落用地规模明显增加,乡村聚落斑块破碎程度相对高,且形状逐步趋于不规则态势。(2)环京津贫困带乡村聚落空间分布存在显著的空间相关性,同2005年相比,2015年乡村聚落在空间上的集聚分布态势减弱,局部空间异质性水平逐步增强。(3)不同因素对环京津贫困带乡村聚落空间分布的影响程度具有显著差异,距河流距离>坡度>高程>距高等级公路距离>距城镇距离,且距河流距离、坡度、高程与距城镇距离对乡村聚落空间分布的影响程度逐步增强,距高等级公路距离影响程度不断减弱。研究结果能为环京津贫困带乡村聚落空间优化及京津冀协调发展提供科学精准的决策,为类似经济欠发达地区脱贫致富提供科学依据。
- Abstract:
- Identifying the spatial differentiation and correlation characteristics of rural settlements is an important foundation and prerequisite for the optimization of rural settlement layout. In order to explore the spatial characteristics and differences of rural settlements in the poverty belt around Beijing and Tianjin, the poverty belt around Beijing and Tianjin was taken as the research area, the spatial differentiation characteristics of rural settlements for 2005 and 2015 were quantitatively analyzed based on the method of GIS technology, kernel density and landscape pattern indices. The theory of spatial dependence was introduced, and exploratory spatial data and spatial econometric model were applied to deeply analyze the spatial correlation and influencing factors to the form of spatial distribution for the rural settlements. The results indicated that:(1)there were obvious spatial distribution in the poverty belt around Beijing and Tianjin, showing the distribution characteristics of denser level in the southeast and the north-west and sparse level in the north; compared with 2005, the scale of rural settlements had gradually increased, the patch complexity was relatively high, and the rural settlement plaque form was increasingly complex in 2015;(2)in general, there is a significant effect of spatial correlation between the spatial distributions of rural settlements in the poverty belt around Beijing and Tianjin; compared with 2005, the concentration of rural land in space was weakened and the tendency of concentration distribution spatial heterogeneity became significant in some local areas in 2015;(3)the influence of different factors on the spatial distribution of rural settlements in the poverty belt around Beijing and Tianjin had significant differences, the influence degree of the factors decreased in the order: distance from rivers>slope>elevation>the distance from road>the distance from town to town; the influences of the distance from rivers, slope, elevation, the distance from road on the spatial distribution of rural settlements were all continuously increasing and the influence of the distance from town to town was gradually decreasing. These results can provide a scientific decision for optimization of rural settlements and coordinated development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region in the poverty belt around Beijing and Tianjin, and provide the scientific basis for poverty alleviation and wealth creation of similar underdeveloped areas.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2020-01-12 修回日期:2020-03-10
资助项目:河北省社会科学资助项目“乡村振兴背景下京津冀城市群乡村地域空间重构:功能转型、驱动机制及优化路径”(HB19YJ021)
第一作者:陶金源(1995—),女,河北邢台人,硕士,主要从事土地评价与可持续利用方面的研究。E-mail:taojinyuan1@163.com
通信作者:张蓬涛(1971—),男,河北保定人,教授,主要从事土地经济与评价方面的研究。E-mail:zhangpt@hebau.edu.cn