[1]周琳,许武成,尹义星.近61年四川省降雨侵蚀力的时空变化趋势[J].水土保持研究,2018,25(04):8-14.
　ZHOU Lin,XU Wucheng,YIN Yixing.Temporal and Spatial Variations of Rainfall Erosivity in Sichuan Province in Recent 61 Years[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2018,25(04):8-14.
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近61年四川省降雨侵蚀力的时空变化趋势

《水土保持研究》[ISSN:1005-3409/CN:61-1272/P] 卷: 25 期数: 2018年04期 页码: 8-14 栏目: 出版日期: 2018-06-13
Title:
Temporal and Spatial Variations of Rainfall Erosivity in Sichuan Province in Recent 61 Years
作者:
周琳1, 许武成1, 尹义星2
1. 西华师范大学 国土资源学院, 四川 南充 637009;
2. 南京信息工程大学 水文气象学院, 南京 210044
Author(s):
ZHOU Lin1, XU Wucheng1, YIN Yixing2
1. College of Land and Resources, China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan 637009, China;
2. College of Hydrometeorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
关键词:
降雨侵蚀力; R值; 日雨量; 四川省
Keywords:
rainfall erosivity; R values; daily rainfall; Sichuan Province
分类号:
S157.1
摘要:
降雨是导致土壤侵蚀的主要动力因子，估算降雨侵蚀力是进行水土流失定量评价的基础工作之一。利用1955—2015年四川省及其相邻5省（市）共22个气象站点的逐日降雨量数据，基于章文波的日雨量侵蚀力模型，通过普通Kriging空间插值以及变异系数、距平百分率、趋势系数和气候倾向率等分析方法，全面综合地分析了四川省降雨侵蚀力的时空变化趋势。结果表明：四川省降雨侵蚀力总体上从东南向西北呈阶梯状逐渐降低并与降雨量、侵蚀性降雨空间分布规律较为一致，其高低值空间分布表现出四川盆地 > 川西南山地 > 川西高原；四川省降雨侵蚀力与降雨量年际变化规律几乎一致，近61年来R值呈显著增加趋势，每年增值53.64 MJ·mm/（hm2·h·a），地域上R值的年际变化呈北高南低的特点，属于中等变异（0.278<Cv<0.686）；降雨侵蚀力年内变化是以7月为峰值的单峰型分布，主要集中在6—9月份，季节上降雨侵蚀力危害夏高冬低，春秋较平稳；四川省大部分区域R值变化趋势呈不显著上升趋势，主要集中在川西高原和盆东地区，但在盆西区域形成一个降雨侵蚀力的下降中心。
Abstract:
Based on the daily rainfall data of 22 meteorological stations in Sichuan Province and its neighboring provinces from 1955 to 2015, using Zhang Wenbo’s half-month erosivity model of daily rainfall, ordinary Kriging spatial interpolation and analysis methods which include coefficient of variation, anomaly percentage, trend coefficient and climate tendency, we comprehensively analyzed the spatial and temporal variation trend of rainfall erosivity in Sichuan Province. It turned out that the rainfall erosivity of Sichuan Province was gradually decreasing from southeast to northwest. The spatial distribution of average annual rainfall erosivity was nearly the same as that of annual rainfall and erosive rainfall, but the spatial distribution characteristics of R values were closer to the erosive rainfall. The R value in Sichuan Basin was larger compared with that in the Mountains Area of Southwest Sichuan and the West Sichuan Plateau. The interannual variation of rainfall erosivity and the interannual change law of rainfall were almost the same. Over the last 61 years, R values showed an obvious increaisng trend and the annual increase rate was 53.64 MJ·mm/(hm2·h·a). The interannual variability of R value in this region was increasing from south to north, Sichuan Province belonged to medium variation degree(0.278<Cv<0.686). The rainfall erosivity changed significantly in a unimodal distribution within the year and R values mainly concentrated in the period from June to September, with the peak appearing in July. From the aspect of season, the risk of rainfall erosivity was high in summer, low in winter, and relatively smooth in spring and autumn. The variation trend of R value in most areas of Sichuan Province was not significant, mainly concentrated in the western Sichuan Plateau and western Sichuan Basin region, on the contrary, the east Sichuan Basin formed a center area with rainfall erosivity decending in Sichuan Province.

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备注/Memo

收稿日期:2017-07-10;改回日期:2017-09-26。
基金项目:国家自然科学基金“江淮流域极值降水发生时间的特征及其与区域水分循环变异的关系”（41671022）；西华师范大学2017年度英才科研基金“丘陵河谷城市热岛效应及其变化的遥感监测——以扩张中的南充为例”（17YC130）
作者简介:周琳(1989-),女,四川达州人,硕士研究生,研究方向为水土保持与环境保护。E-mail:372137378@qq.com
通讯作者:许武成(1966-),男,四川广安人,教授,主要从事水文气象和自然灾害研究。E-mail:wucxu@126.com

更新日期/Last Update: 1900-01-01