[1]KEO Soksamnang,何洪鸣,赵宏飞,等.黄土高原50余年来降雨侵蚀力变化及其对土壤侵蚀的影响[J].水土保持研究,2018,25(02):1-7.
　KEO Soksamnang,HE Hongming,ZHAO Hongfei,et al.Analysis of Rainfall Erosivity Change and Its Impacts on Soil Erosion on the Loess Plateau over More than 50 Years[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2018,25(02):1-7.
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黄土高原50余年来降雨侵蚀力变化及其对土壤侵蚀的影响

《水土保持研究》[ISSN:1005-3409/CN:61-1272/P] 卷: 25 期数: 2018年02期 页码: 1-7 栏目: 出版日期: 2018-04-03
Title:
Analysis of Rainfall Erosivity Change and Its Impacts on Soil Erosion on the Loess Plateau over More than 50 Years
作者:
KEO Soksamnang1, 何洪鸣1,2, 赵宏飞1, 景昭伟1
1. 西北农林科技大学 水土保持研究所 黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室, 陕西 杨凌 712100;
2. 中科院 水利部 水土保持研究所 黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室, 陕西 杨凌 712100
Author(s):
KEO Soksamnang1, HE Hongming1,2, ZHAO Hongfei1, JING Zhaowei1
1. State of Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China;
2. State of Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, CAS and MWR, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
关键词:
土壤侵蚀; 时空分布; 降雨; 黄土高原
Keywords:
soil erosion; spatiotemporal distribution; rainfall; the Loess Plateau
分类号:
S157.1
摘要:
采用Mann-Kendall非参数检验法和累积量斜率变化率分析等方法，分析了黄土高原1960-2011年降雨侵蚀力变化及其对土壤侵蚀的影响。结果表明：（1）黄土高原年均降雨侵蚀力呈显著下降趋势，平均年下降速率为3.64 MJ·mm/（hm2·h·a）；（2）年降雨侵蚀力在空间上呈现"大者变小，小者变大"的变化趋势，以400 mm等降雨线为分界线；（3）降雨侵蚀力变化不是影响河流输沙变化的主导因素，渭河、泾河、北洛河、延河、无定河和汾河的贡献率分别为1.54%，0.11%，10.87%，16.47%，5.71%；（4）不同流域降雨侵蚀力对土壤侵蚀作用程度不同，主要支流侵蚀产沙率泾河 > 无定河 > 渭河 > 延河 > 北洛河 > 汾河。降雨侵蚀力的分布特征和变化趋势，结合不同流域侵蚀产沙率，可作为评价流域内气候变化对土壤侵蚀作用的指标。
Abstract:
On the basis of precipitation database from 1960 to 2011, 58 meteorological stations and sediment transportation data were collected on the Loess Plateau. We adopted the ways of the Mann-Kendall test and slope change ratio of cumulative quantity to analyze the spatial and temporal variation characteristics and its impact on soil erosion. The results showed that:(1) annual rainfall erosivity presents distinct declining trend on the Loess Plateau, the annual declining rate was 3.64 MJ·mm/(hm2·h·a); (2) the spatial change character was that the big one became smaller, and small one became bigger, under the dividing line of 400 mm rainfall lines; (3) the change of rainfall erosivity had important influence on the change of sediment transport, but was not the dominant factor, the contribution rates of the Wei River, Jing River, Beiluo River, Yan River, Wuding River, Fen River were 1.54%, 0.11%, 10.87%, 16.47% and 5.71%, respectively; (4) the relation of rainfall erosivity and sediment discharge was different in different basins in the middle reaches of the Yellow River, the rates of erosion and sediment yield of major tributaries decreased in the sequence:Jing River > Wuding River > Wei River > Yan River > Beiluo River > Fen River. The distribution character and change trend of rainfall erosivity combining with rate of erosive sediment yield in different basins could serve as the indexes for evaluating the rainfall effect on soil erosion.

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备注/Memo

收稿日期:2017-5-27;改回日期:2017-8-17。
基金项目:国家自然科学基金“气候变化与人类活动——黄土高原全新世生态环境变化与土壤侵蚀”（41672180）
作者简介:KEO Soksamnang(1987-),男,柬埔寨人,硕士研究生,研究方向为气候变化及其环境影响。E-mail:keo.soksamnang@gmail.com
通讯作者:何洪鸣(1975-),男,广东兴宁人,博士,研究员,主要从事环境模拟研究。E-mail:hongming.he@yahoo.com

更新日期/Last Update: 1900-01-01