[1]张加琼,刘章,杨明义,等.黄土高原水蚀风蚀交错带坡面土壤侵蚀特征及其影响因素[J].水土保持研究,2018,25(01):1-6,22.
　ZHANG Jiaqiong,LIU Zhang,YANG Mingyi,et al.Soil Erosion and Its Influence Factors on a Slope in the Wind-Water Erosion Crisscross Region on the Loess Plateau[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2018,25(01):1-6,22.
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黄土高原水蚀风蚀交错带坡面土壤侵蚀特征及其影响因素

《水土保持研究》[ISSN:1005-3409/CN:61-1272/P] 卷: 25 期数: 2018年01期 页码: 1-6,22 栏目: 出版日期: 2018-02-28
Title:
Soil Erosion and Its Influence Factors on a Slope in the Wind-Water Erosion Crisscross Region on the Loess Plateau
作者:
张加琼1,2, 刘章3, 杨明义1,2, 张风宝1,2, 王永吉1,2, 邓鑫欣1,2
1. 西北农林科技大学 水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室, 陕西 杨凌 712100;
2. 中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所, 陕西 杨凌 712100;
3. 包头稀土研究院, 内蒙古 包头 014030
Author(s):
ZHANG Jiaqiong1,2, LIU Zhang3, YANG Mingyi1,2, ZHANG Fengbao1,2, WANG Yongji1,2, DENG Xinxin1,2
1. State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China;
2. Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China;
3. Rare Earth Research Institute of Baotou, Baotou, Inner Mongolia 014030, China
关键词:
土壤侵蚀; 坡面变异; 137Cs示踪; 水蚀风蚀交错带; 粒径分布
Keywords:
soil erosion; slope variation; 137Cs tracing; wind-water erosion crisscross region; grain-size distribution
分类号:
S157
摘要:
水蚀与风蚀的交错作用大大加剧了黄土高原水蚀风蚀交错带的土壤侵蚀强度，造就了复杂的侵蚀环境。通过在水蚀风蚀交错带的典型区域——神木六道沟流域，选择沿本地盛行风向（NW）到最弱风向（E）方向的坡面布设采样断面，探究土壤粒径和土壤侵蚀速率的空间分布特征，分析其影响因素。结果表明：土壤粒径和侵蚀速率均表现出明显的波动变化和显著的坡面变异（p < 0.05）。其坡面分异受坡面部位、坡度、植被、土壤类型、土地利用类型和侵蚀动力（风力和降雨）的共同影响。侵蚀动力之外的因素对土壤侵蚀速率的坡面变异累积解释69.6%～82.1%。土壤侵蚀速率与坡面部位、坡度、植被、土壤类型和土地利用类型的线性回归分析显示，土壤侵蚀的动力因素也十分重要。然而，要揭示坡面土壤侵蚀空间分布的一般规律，定量区分水蚀和风蚀对坡面侵蚀的贡献，需进一步研究。
Abstract:
The alternating effect of wind and water erosion intensified soil loss in the wind-water erosion crisscross region, and formed a complicated erosion environment on the Loess Plateau. This study selected a hill going from northwest to east in the Liudaogou watershed of Shenmu County as the site to collect soil samples used for measuring 137Cs and grain size. The distribution of soil grain size, erosion rate and the influence factors were studied. The results showed that grain-size and soil erosion had significant variations (p < 0.05) on two slopes with obvious undulation. The change of soil erosion was affected by conditions of underlying surface including slope position, gradient, vegetation, soils and land use type besides erosion forces (wind and rainfall). The results of principal component analysis showed that there were two components including all underlying surface factors. They explained that the variations of soil erosion ranged from 69.6% to 82.1%. The linear regression between soil erosion rate and these four factors (slope position, gradient, vegetation, soil and land use types) implied the importance of erosion forces besides underlying surface conditions. Unfortunately, spatial distribution of soil erosion on a single slope is unlikely to represent the general erosion pattern in this region, the 137Cs tracing technique and grain-size analysis were far away from quantitatively dividing the contribution of wind erosion and water erosion in the total erosion on the slope scale. Further study with better methods and techniques is necessary.

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备注/Memo

收稿日期:2016-12-8;改回日期:2017-2-24。
基金项目:国家自然科学资助项目（41401314，41371283）；中国科学院重点部署项目（KZZD-EW-04-03）；陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目（2015JQ4115）；中国科学院“西部之光”人才培养计划西部博士项目
作者简介:张加琼(1984-),女(藏族),四川小金人,博士,助理研究员,研究方向为土壤侵蚀。E-mail:jqzhang@nwsuaf.edu.cn
通讯作者:杨明义(1970-),男,山东莱州人,博士,研究员,主要从事土壤侵蚀核示踪技术研究。E-mail:ymyzly@163.com

更新日期/Last Update: 1900-01-01