PAN Quanliang,CHEN Kun,SONG Tao,et al.Influences of Biochar and Biochar-Based Compound Fertilizer on Soil Water Retention in Brown Soil[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2017,24(01):115-121.
生物炭及炭基肥对棕壤持水能力的影响
- Title:
- Influences of Biochar and Biochar-Based Compound Fertilizer on Soil Water Retention in Brown Soil
- 分类号:
- S157.3;S153
- 摘要:
- 通过连续6年微区定位试验，以传统的土壤培肥方式作为对照，探究较长时间施用生物炭和炭基肥对土壤保水作用的影响，为生物炭农用提供理论参考。定位试验于2009年开始，连续6年进行了花生微区田间试验（2 m2）。试验设4个处理，分别为秸秆还田+NPK（CS）、施用猪厩肥+NPK（PMC）、生物炭+NPK（BIO）和炭基肥（BF）处理，在2014年花生的生育期间测定了表层土壤含水量、水分累积蒸发量和土壤理化性质。研究表明：土壤水分含量充足时，BIO和BF处理含水量与PMC处理接近，都高于CS处理；土壤含水量较低时，BIO和BF处理含水量低于CS和PMC处理。与秸秆还田和施用猪厩肥相比，生物炭处理可提高土壤供水数量但降低土壤保水能力。炭基肥处理降低了土壤供水数量和保水能力。
- Abstract:
- The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of application of biochar and biochar-based compound fertilizer on soil water retention under test of improving brown soil for the sixth year in a row, so as to provide a theoretical reference for the use of biochar-based fertilizers in agriculture. A micro-plot (2 m2) field experiment was conducted from 2009 to 2014 with peanut as tested crop. Four treatments were designed: corn straw returning in combination with NPK (CS), pig manure in combination with NPK (PMC), biochar from corncob in combination with NPK (BIO), and biochar-based compound fertilizer (BF). Surface soil moisture content, cumulative evaporation of water, soil physical and chemical properties of peanut field were determined using their relevant methods before sawing and at different developmental stages of peanut in 2014. The results show that when the water is adequate for the treatments of soil, soil moisture content of BIO and BF were close to PMC and higher than CS; when the water moisture is low, BIO and BF were lower than PMC and CS. Compared with CS and PMC, BIO can improve the soil water quantity but lower soil water retention capacity, BF decreases the soil water quantity and water retention capacity.
参考文献/References:
[1] 钱成,蔡晓布.秸秆还田对西藏中部退化农田土壤水分的影响[J].土壤通报,2003,34(6):586-588.
[2] 赵勇钢,赵世伟,华娟,等.半干旱典型草原区封育草地土壤结构特征研究[J].草地学报,2009,17(1):106-112.
[3] 宋蒙亚,李忠佩,刘明,等.不同有机物料组合对土壤养分和生化性状的影响[J].中国农业科学,2013,46(17):3594-3603.
[4] 李紫燕,倪绸娟,李世清,等.土壤类型和添加有机物料对铵态氮回收的影响[J].西北农林科技大学学报:自然科学版,2008,36(6):141-147.
[5] 王静,黄毅.辽西旱农区秸秆还田保水效果及对玉米生长的影响[J].山西农业科学,2012,40(2):113-116.
[6] 武志杰,张海军,许广山,等.玉米秸秆还田培肥土壤的效果[J].应用生态学报,2002,13(5):539-542.
[7] 张宝峰,曾路生,李俊良,等.优化施肥处理下设施菜地土壤容重与孔隙度的变化[J].中国农学通报,2013,29(32):309-314.
[8] 乌学敏.玉米秸秆还田对土壤理化性状的影响[J].现代农业,2013(12):22-26.
[9] 刘娣,范丙全,龚明波.秸秆还田技术在中国生态农业发展中的作用[J].中国农学通报,2008,24(6):404-407.
[10] Lehmann J. A handful of carbon[J]. Nature, 2007,447(7141):143-144.
[11] 张文玲,李桂花,高卫东.生物质炭对土壤性状和作物产量的影响[J].中国农学通报,2009,25(17):153-157.
[12] 陈琳,乔志刚,李恋卿,等.施用生物质炭基肥对水稻产量及氮素利用的影响[J].生态与农村环境学报,2013,29(5):671-675.
[13] 中国科学院南京土壤研究所土壤物理研究室.土壤物理性质测定法[M].北京:科学出版社,1978.
[14] Six J, Paustian K, Elliott E T, et al. Soil structure and organic matter:I. Distribution of aggregate-size classes and aggregate-associated carbon[J]. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 2000,64(2):681-689.
[15] Elliott E T. Aggregate structure and carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus in native and cultivated soils[J]. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 1986,50(3):627-633.
[16] 王政友.土壤水分蒸发的影响因素分析[J].山西水利,2003(2):26-27.
[17] 徐建明,黄昌勇.土壤学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2010.
[18] Six J, Elliott E T, Paustian K. Soil structure and soil organic matter:Ⅱ. A normalized stability index and the effect of mineralogy[J]. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 2000,64(3):1042-1049.
[19] 周虎,吕贻忠,杨志臣,等.保护性耕作对华北平原土壤团聚体特征的影响[J].中国农业科学,2007,40(9):1973-1979.
[20] Bird M I, Ascough P L, Young I M, et al. X-Ray microtomographic imaging of charcoal[J]. Journal of Archaeological Science, 2008,35(10):2698-2706.
[21] Oguntunde P G, Abiodun B J, Ajayi A E, et al. Effects of charcoal production on soil physical properties in Ghana[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition & Soil Science, 2008,171(4):591-596.
[22] 何绪生,耿增超,佘雕,等.生物炭生产与农用的意义及国内外动态[J].农业工程学报,2011,27(2):1-7.
[23] 王增丽.秸秆不同处理还田方式对土壤理化特性和作物生长效应的影响[D].陕西杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2012.
[24] 王珍.秸秆不同还田方式对土壤水分特性及土壤结构的影响[D].陕西杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2010.
[25] 韦武思.秸秆改良材料对沙质土壤结构和水分特征的影响[D].重庆:西南大学,2010.
[26] 张大伟.连续秸秆还田与耕作方式轮换对土壤理化性状及水稻养分吸收和产量影响[D].南京:南京农业大学,2009.
[27] Brodowski S, John B, Flessa H, et al. Aggregate-occluded black carbon in soil[J]. European Journal of Soil Science, 2006,57(4):539-546.
[28] Glaser B, Lehmann J, Zech W. Ameliorating physical and chemical properties of highly weathered soils in the tropics with charcoal:a review[J]. Biology & Fertility of Soils, 2002,35(35):219-230.
[29] 姚源喜,杨延蕃.施肥对土壤肥力的调控作用:Ⅲ.有机肥与无机肥配合施用对调节土壤中钾素平衡的影响[J].莱阳农学院学报,1988,5(3):19-24.
[30] 高海英,何绪生,陈心想,等.生物炭及炭基硝酸铵肥料对土壤化学性质及作物产量的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2012(10):1948-1955.
[31] 葛顺峰,彭玲,任饴华,等.秸秆和生物质炭对苹果园土壤容重、阳离子交换量和氮素利用的影响[J].中国农业科学,2014,47(2):366-373.
[32] Eynard A, Schumacher T E, Lindstrom M J, et al. Effects of aggregate structure and organic C on wettability of Ustolls[J]. Soil & Tillage Research, 2006,88(1/2):205-216.
[33] 彭新华,张斌,赵其国.红壤侵蚀裸地植被恢复及土壤有机碳对团聚体稳定性的影响[J].生态学报,2003,23(10):2176-2183.
[34] Kimetu J M, Lehmann J, Krull E, et al. Stability and stabilisation of biochar and green manure in soil with different organic carbon contents[J]. Soil Research, 2010,48(7):577-585.
[35] 武玉,徐刚,吕迎春,等.生物炭对土壤理化性质影响的研究进展[J].地球科学进展,2014,29(1):68-79.
[36] 高海英,何绪生,耿增超,等.生物炭及炭基氮肥对土壤持水性能影响的研究[J].中国农学通报,2011,27(24):207-213.
[37] 勾芒芒,屈忠义.土壤中施用生物炭对番茄根系特征及产量的影响[J].生态环境学报,2013(8):1348-1352.
[38] Cohen-Ofri I, Weiner L, Boaretto E, et al. Modern and fossil charcoal:aspects of structure and diagenesis[J]. Journal of Archaeological Science, 2006,33(3):428-439.
[39] Dugan E, Verhoef A, Robinson S, et al. Bio-char from sawdust, maize stover and charcoal:Impact on water holding capacities(WHC)of three soils from Ghana[C]//19th World Congress of Soil Science. Brisbane, Australia,2010.
[40] Peng X, Ye L L, Wang C H, et al. Temperature-and duration-dependent rice straw-derived biochar:Characteristics and its effects on soil properties of an Ultisol in southern China[J]. Soil & Tillage Research, 2011,112(2):159-166.
[41] 陈静,李恋卿,郑金伟,等.生物质炭保水剂的吸水保水性能研究[J].水土保持通报,2013,33(6):232-237.
[42] 周桂玉.生物质炭的结构特征及其对土壤腐殖质和植物生长的影响[D].长春:吉林农业大学,2011.
[43] 陆海楠,胡学玉,刘红伟.不同裂解条件对生物炭稳定性的影响[J].环境科学与技术,2013,36(8):11-14.
[44] 赵兰坡.土壤学[M].北京:北京农业大学出版社,1993.
[45] 单秀枝,魏由庆.土壤有机质含量对土壤水动力学参数的影响[J].土壤学报,1998,35(1):1-9.
[46] 刘效东,乔玉娜,周国逸.土壤有机质对土壤水分保持及其有效性的控制作用[J].植物生态学报,2011(12):1209-1218.
相似文献/References:
[1]文曼,郑纪勇.生物炭不同粒径及不同添加量对土壤收缩特征的影响[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(01):46.
WEN Man,ZHENG Ji-yong.Effects of Different Sizes of Biochar and Their Additiont Rates on Soil Shrinkage Characteristics[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(01):46.
[2]王彤彤,翟军海,何欢,等.BP神经网络和SVM模型对施加生物炭土壤水分预测的适用性[J].水土保持研究,2017,24(03):86.
WANG Tongtong,ZHAI Junhai,HE Huan,et al.Applicability of BP Neural Network Model and SVM Model to Predicting Soil Moisture Under incorporation of Biochar into Soils[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2017,24(01):86.
[3]李文娟,颜永毫,郑纪勇,等.生物炭对黄土高原不同质地土壤中NO3-N运移特征的影响[J].水土保持研究,2013,20(05):60.
LI Wen-juan,YAN Yong-hao,ZHENG Ji-yong,et al.Effect of Biochar on the Transfer of Nitrate in Three Different Soils on the Loess Plateau[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2013,20(01):60.
[4]张妙,李秧秧,白岗栓.生物炭和PAM共施对黄绵土水分入渗和蒸发的影响[J].水土保持研究,2018,25(05):124.
ZHANG Miao,LI Yangyang,BAI Gangshuan.Effects of Mixed Use of Biochar and Polyacrylamide on Water Infiltration and Evaporation in Loessial Soil[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2018,25(01):124.
[5]郭雄飞.重金属胁迫下生物炭和间作对刨花润楠生长及根系形态的影响[J].水土保持研究,2019,26(02):337.
GUO Xiongfei.Effects of Biochar and Intercropping on the Growth and Root Morphology of Machilus pauhoi Under Heavy Metal Stress[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2019,26(01):337.
[6]仝昊天,韩燕来,李培培,等.几种保水材料对砂质潮土水分参数的影响[J].水土保持研究,2019,26(04):116.
TONG Haotian,HAN Yanlai,LI Peipei,et al.Effects of Application of Water-Retaining Materials on Water Infiltration and Water Retention Characteristics of Sandy Soil[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2019,26(01):116.
[7]张 伟,曾凤铃,邹玉霞,等.秸秆和生物炭对紫色土坡耕地产流产沙与氮素流失的影响[J].水土保持研究,2024,31(04):20.[doi:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.2024.04.033]
Zhang Wei,Zeng Fengling,Zou Yuxia,et al.Effects of Straw and Biochar on Runoff, Sediment Yield and Nitrogen Loss in Sloping Farmland of Purple Soil[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2024,31(01):20.[doi:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.2024.04.033]
[8]王佳敏,严俊霞,刘 菊,等.施肥和生物炭添加对高粱—玉米轮作土壤呼吸的影响[J].水土保持研究,2024,31(05):112.[doi:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.2024.05.006]
Wang Jiamin,Yan Junxia,Liu Ju,et al.Effect of Fertilization and Biochar Addition on Soil Respiration in a Sorghum-Maize Rotation Agroecosystem[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2024,31(01):112.[doi:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.2024.05.006]
备注/Memo
收稿日期:2016-03-09;改回日期:2016-03-21。
基金项目:国家自然科学基金（41201283）；国家公益性行业（农业）科研专项（201303095-15）资助；国家科技支撑计划项目（2015BAD23B05）
作者简介:潘全良(1991-),男,山东汶上人,在读硕士,研究方向为植物营养与土壤肥力。E-mail:qlpan0228@sina.com
通讯作者:战秀梅(1974-),女,辽宁朝阳人,副教授,博士,主要从事植物营养与土壤肥力研究。E-mail:xiumeizhan@163.com