LUO Jia,SHENG Jiandong,WANG Yongxu,et al.Effects of Different Organic Fertilizers on Soil Salinity, Nutrients and Cotton Yield on Salt-Affected Land[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2016,23(03):48-53.
不同有机肥对盐渍化耕地土壤盐分、养分及棉花产量的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Different Organic Fertilizers on Soil Salinity, Nutrients and Cotton Yield on Salt-Affected Land
- 分类号:
- S141;S153;S156.4
- 摘要:
- 为了分析比较不同有机肥对盐渍化土壤盐分及养分改良效果，通过田间试验研究了不同有机肥对盐渍化耕地土壤盐分含量、土壤肥力指标及棉花产量的影响。结果表明：各有机肥处理对土壤盐分的影响在吐絮期效果最好，其中30—90 cm土层中油渣处理表现最为明显，较对照低了69.55%。等量供肥条件下，不同有机肥与化肥对棉花产量的贡献无明显差异。施用不同有机肥对土壤各肥力指标有不同程度的提升，施用油渣能促进盐渍化棉田土壤有机质的积累，尤其在耕层（0—30 cm）较对照处理高出了18.78%～36.85%；同时，油渣对土壤碱解氮提升也有促进作用，苗期时较对照增幅最大，达到32.70%～35.90%；各有机肥处理土壤速效磷含量较对照有不同程度的增加，其中在0—30 cm土层中羊粪和油渣在不同生育期较对照增幅分别为27.20%～47.14%，4.80%～38.57%；羊粪对于土壤速效钾的释放在苗期有良好的效果，较对照提高了5.20%～70.94%。
- Abstract:
- In order to analyze and compare impacts of different organic fertilizers on soil salinization reduction and fertility improvement, field experiments were carried out in salt-affected land to study the effects of different organic fertilizers on the total salt content, soil fertility and cotton yield. Results showed that impact of each organic fertilizer on soil salinity was the best at the boll opening stage, which was especially obvious for the dregs of fat treatment in 30—90 cm depth (i.e., 69.55% lower than the control). No significant difference in cotton production was observed when applying the same amount of fertilizer, no matter what types of organic manure and chemical fertilizer were applied. Application of different organic fertilizers could improve each soil fertility index with various degrees. The use of dregs of fat could benefit accumulations of both soil organic matter and available nitrogen in cotton fields. Compared with CK, soil organic matter in the top layer (0—30 cm) increased by 18.78%～36.85%, while available nitrogen at seedling stage increased by 32.70%～35.90%. Organic fertilizer could also increase available phosphorus with various degrees. Compared with CK, in the top layer(0—30 cm), the available phosphorus contents of treatments with sheep manure and dregs of fat increased by 27.20%～47.14% and 4.80%～38.57% at different growing stages, respectively. Sheep manure has a positive effect on the release of soil available potassium at the seedling stage, the contents of available potassium increased by 5.20%～70.94% comparing with CK.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2015-04-05;改回日期:2015-06-08。
基金项目:新疆自治区“十二五”重大专项“盐渍化低产田生产力提升关键技术研发与示范”（201130106-2）；新疆自治区土壤学重点学科资助
作者简介:罗佳(1991-),女,新疆阿拉尔人,硕士研究生,研究方向为土壤质量提升。E-mail:luojia8229@foxmail.com
通讯作者:陈波浪(1979-),男,新疆乌鲁木齐人,博士,副教授,主要从事土壤质量提升与植物营养研究。E-mail:chenwang200910@sina.com