ZHU Qing,CUI Honghao,ZHANG Qin,et al.The Application of Green Manure Controlling Soil Erosion of Slope Farmland in Guizhou Mountain Area[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2016,23(02):101-105.
绿肥阻控贵州山区坡耕地水土流失的应用
- Title:
- The Application of Green Manure Controlling Soil Erosion of Slope Farmland in Guizhou Mountain Area
- Keywords:
- slope farmland; amount of soil erosion; green manure; coverage; soil moisture
- 分类号:
- S142;S157
- 摘要:
- 通过田间试验，研究绿肥阻控坡地水土流失，对土壤覆盖度、土壤侵蚀量、土壤水分及作物产量的影响，探索利用绿肥阻控坡地水土流失规律及技术。结果表明：种植和翻压绿肥能减少地表径流和土壤侵蚀量，提高旱坡地覆盖度，与对照组相比，苕子—玉米+菜豆模式在雨季减少地表径流62.6%，减少土壤侵蚀量78.4%，提高旱坡地覆盖度52.1%~66.7%。与对照相比，苕子—玉米处理玉米籽粒增产35.3%，秸秆增产34.1%，苕子—玉米+菜豆处理玉米籽粒增产25.8%，玉米秸秆增产39.7%，同时收获菜豆814.5 kg/hm2，菜豆杆1 006.5 kg/hm2。种植和翻压绿肥能够在雨量充沛时，减少水土流失，增强土壤的蓄水能力，雨量较少时能促进土壤提供作物水分，最终使得作物增产。
- Abstract:
- Using the field plot test, we had investigated the soil erosion on sloping lands in which the green manure was grown, observed the impact on soil coverage, soil moisture, soil water content and the crop yield. We hope to seek for the rule to control the soil erosion with green manure. The results showed that planting and incorporation of green manure could reduce the overland runoff and the amount of soil erosion and improve the dry slope land coverage. Compared with control, common vetch-corn and bean was the best planting pattern, which could reduce the surface runoff by 62.60% and the soil erosion by 78.4%, improve the dry slope land coverage by 52.08%~66.67%. Compared with control, the vetch-corn pattern could improve the corn grain by 35.25% and straw yield by 34.08%. Meanwhile, the common vetch-corn and bean pattern could improve the corn by 25.8% and straw yield by 39.7%. In addition, the bean and straw were 814.5 kg/hm2 and 1 006.5 kg/hm2, respectively. In conclusion, planting and incorporation of green manure can reduce the soil erosion and increase soil water storage ability when it is abundant in rainfall. On the country, it could increase the yield, and enhance the soil to supply more water when there is less rainfall.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2015-01-22;改回日期:2015-05-06。
基金项目:公益性行业（农业）科研专项经费（201103005）；贵州省国际科技合作计划（黔科合外G字[2010]7035号）；贵州省创新能力建设项目（黔科合院所创能[2011]4002号）；贵州省科技厅《贵州省农业资源高效利用技术创新平台建设》（黔科条中补地[2012]4003号）；农业部《贵州省耕地保育与农业环境实验站》（黔科平台[2013]4002号）
作者简介:朱青(1962-),女,贵州贵阳人,博士,研究员,主要从事自燃资源及环境生态研究。E-mail:zhuqing_gy@tom.com
通讯作者:陈正刚(1967-),男,贵州石阡人,本科,研究员,主要从事自然资源与环境生态研究工作。E-mail:gzchzg@126.com