[1]轩俊伟,郑江华,刘志辉.近50年新疆小麦需水量时空特征及气候影响因素分析[J].水土保持研究,2015,22(04):155-160,167.
　XUAN Junwei,ZHENG Jianghua,LIU Zhihui.Spatiotemporal Characteristics of Water Requirement of Wheat as Influenced by Climate in Xinjiang in Recent 50 Years[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2015,22(04):155-160,167.
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近50年新疆小麦需水量时空特征及气候影响因素分析

《水土保持研究》[ISSN:1005-3409/CN:61-1272/P] 卷: 22 期数: 2015年04期 页码: 155-160,167 栏目: 出版日期: 2015-08-28
Title:
Spatiotemporal Characteristics of Water Requirement of Wheat as Influenced by Climate in Xinjiang in Recent 50 Years
作者:
轩俊伟1,2, 郑江华1,2, 刘志辉1,2,3
1. 新疆大学 资源与环境科学学院, 乌鲁木齐 830046;
2. 绿洲生态教育部重点实验室, 乌鲁木齐 830046;
3. 新疆大学干旱与半干旱生态研究所, 乌鲁木齐 830046
Author(s):
XUAN Junwei1,2, ZHENG Jianghua1,2, LIU Zhihui1,2,3
1. College of Resources and Environment Sciences, Xinjiang University 830046, China;
2. Key Lab for Oasis Ecosystem of MOE, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China;
3. Institute of Arid Ecology and Environment, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
关键词:
小麦; 作物需水量; 空间分布; Penman-Monteith公式; 趋势分析; 新疆
Keywords:
wheat; crop water requirement; spatial distribution; Penman-Monteith equation; trend analysis; Xinjiang
分类号:
S963
摘要:
基于新疆地区54个国家基本气象站1963—2012年的逐日气象资料，利用FAO Penman-Monteith公式和作物系数法，得到近50 a来新疆小麦全育期和各生长阶段需水量，并利用线性趋势估计、MK检验、空间插值法分析了小麦全育期及各生长阶段需水量的年际变化趋势、空间分布特征及气象影响因素。结果表明：近50 a新疆小麦全育期平均需水量空间分布总体呈现南疆大于北疆、东部大于西部、由西北向东南增大的格局，生长初期和发育期需水量空间分布表现为南多北少，而生长中期和生长末期则为东多西少。小麦全育期年需水量平均以7.8 mm/10 a的速率呈极显著的下降趋势，并于1978年开始发生突变。小麦全育期内风速降低、日照时数减少是导致小麦全育期需水量下降的主要原因。
Abstract:
Based on the meteorological data of 54 stations from 1963 to 2012 in Xinjiang, the water requirement of wheat (WRW) of the whole growing period and different growth stages were calculated by using FAO Penman-Monteith model and crop coefficient. Meanwhile, we used the methods of linear regression, Mann-Kendall test and Inverse Distance Weighting to analyze the spatiotemporal change characteristics of water requirement of wheat in Xinjiang in recent 50 years. The results showed that the spatial distribution characteristics of mean WRW of the whole growing period and different growth stages of wheat were obviously various in the different regions of Xinjiang. Generally, the WRW of the whole growing period was larger in south than that in north, and it was larger in east than west. And the WRW of the initial or development stage were larger in south than northern. However, the WRW of the mid-season or late-season stage were larger in east than west. The annual WRW of the whole growing period was significantly decreasing with the rate of 7.8 mm/10 a, and it had significantly abrupt decrease in 1978. The negative trend in wheat water requirement in Xinjiang was mainly attributed to decline of sunshine hour and wind speed.

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备注/Memo

收稿日期:2014-09-20;改回日期:2014-09-26。
基金项目:水利部公益性行业科研专项“内陆干旱区实施最严格水资源管理关键技术”（201301103）
作者简介:轩俊伟(1988-),男,山东聊城人,硕士研究生,主要从事水资源管理及GIS应用方面研究。E-mail:sd1900@163.com
通讯作者:郑江华(1973-),男,新疆乌鲁木齐人,教授,硕士生导师,主要从事资源调查监测和3S技术应用研究。E-mail:zheng_jianghua@126.com

更新日期/Last Update: 1900-01-01