[1]高莹,吴普特,赵西宁,等.春小麦/春玉米间作模式光温环境特征研究[J].水土保持研究,2015,22(03):163-169.
　GAO Ying,WU Pute,ZHAO Xining,et al.Characteristics of Light Environment and Soil Temperature in the Spring Wheat/Spring Maize Intercropping System[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2015,22(03):163-169.
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春小麦/春玉米间作模式光温环境特征研究

《水土保持研究》[ISSN:1005-3409/CN:61-1272/P] 卷: 22 期数: 2015年03期 页码: 163-169 栏目: 出版日期: 2015-06-28
Title:
Characteristics of Light Environment and Soil Temperature in the Spring Wheat/Spring Maize Intercropping System
作者:
高莹1,2, 吴普特1,2,3, 赵西宁1,2,3, 王自奎2,3, 孙喜军4
1. 中国科学院 水利部 水土保持研究所, 陕西 杨凌 712100;
2. 中国旱区节水农业研究院, 陕西 杨凌 712100;
3. 西北农林科技大学 水利与建筑工程学院, 陕西 杨凌 712100;
4. 陕西省咸阳市渭城区农业技术推广站, 陕西 咸阳 712000
Author(s):
GAO Ying1,2, WU Pute1,2,3, ZHAO Xining1,2,3, WANG Zikui2,3, SUN Xijun4
1. Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China;
2. Institute of Water Saving Agriculture in Arid Regions of China, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China;
3. College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China;
4. Agro-technical Extension Station, Weicheng District, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712000, China
关键词:
间作; 小麦; 玉米; 光合有效辐射; 地温
Keywords:
intercropping; wheat; maize; photosynthetically active radiation; soil temperature
分类号:
S162.5
摘要:
春小麦/春玉米间作是我国西北地区一种较为普遍的间作种植模式。于2013年在内蒙古河套灌区开展试验，分析了小麦/玉米间作在不同供肥水平下光合有效辐射和土壤表层温度的空间和时间变化特征，以及光温环境改变对小麦和玉米农艺性状的影响。结果表明：在麦玉共生前期，间作玉米接收的太阳辐射减少，透光率平均比单作玉米降低3.9%～6.3%，土壤表层温度降低2.42～2.63℃。在共生后期，间作玉米的光照条件改善，透光率比单作玉米平均升高19.3%，土壤表层温度降低1.51～1.73℃。小麦收获之后间作玉米接收的光强显著增加，土壤温度平均比单作玉米升高2.14～2.37℃。间作条件下小麦的生长得到促进，表现出明显的边行效应；而间作玉米的营养生长受到限制，叶面积在各生育期都显著低于单作玉米。综合分析表明，间作模式对各组分作物农艺性状的影响主要是由于光温环境的改变所致。
Abstract:
Spring wheat/spring maize intercropping is a common cropping pattern in northwestern China. Field experiments were conducted in the Hetao Irrigation District of the Inner Mongolia in 2013 to analyze the spatiotemporal dynamics of photosynthetically active radiation(PAR) and soil temperature and the effect on the agronomic characters of both wheat and maize among different nitrogen treatments. Results showed that during the early co-growth stage, the PAR accepted by the intercropped maize was much lower than the monoculture, the fraction of light transmitted in intercropped maize was 3.9%～6.3% lower than the monoculture maize, the soil temperature reduced by 2.42～2.63℃; during the later co-growth stage, the fraction of light transmitted in intercropped maize was 19.3% higher than monoculture maize, the soil temperature reduced by 1.51～1.73℃. After wheat harvest, the PAR accepted by the intercropped maize significantly increased, the soil temperature in intercropped maize increased by 2.14～2.37℃. With respect to wheat, the growth of the border plant was better than the inner plant. However, the vegetative growth of intercropped maize was negatively affected, as reflected by the significantly reduced plant height and leaf area. It is concluded that the effects of intercropping system on agronomic characters of component crops were primarily due to the changes in light and temperature environment.

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备注/Memo

收稿日期:2014-12-14;改回日期:2014-12-23。
基金项目:国家科技支撑计划（2011BAD29B09）；教育部、国家外国专家局“111”计划（B12007）；西北农林科技大学青年学术骨干项目；西北农林科技大学基本科研业务费资助项目；旱区农业共性节水技术集成与示范项目（K303021301）
作者简介:高莹(1986-),女,山东济宁人,博士研究生,研究方向为农业水土资源高效利用。E-mail:gyxingkong@126.com
通讯作者:吴普特(1963-),男,陕西武功人,教授,博士生导师,主要从事节水农业与水土保持方面的研究。E-mail:gjzwpt@vip.sina.com

更新日期/Last Update: 1900-01-01