[1]高燕,郑粉莉,王彬,等.土壤结皮对黑土区坡面产流产沙的影响[J].水土保持研究,2014,21(04):17-20.
　GAO Yan,ZHENG Fen-li,WANG Bin,et al.Effects of Soil Crust on Runoff and Sediment on Hillslope in Black Soil Region[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2014,21(04):17-20.
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土壤结皮对黑土区坡面产流产沙的影响

《水土保持研究》[ISSN:1005-3409/CN:61-1272/P] 卷: 21 期数: 2014年04期 页码: 17-20 栏目: 出版日期: 2014-08-28
Title:
Effects of Soil Crust on Runoff and Sediment on Hillslope in Black Soil Region
作者:
高燕1, 郑粉莉1,2, 王彬1, 李桂芳2, 张姣1, 姜义亮1
1. 西北农林科技大学 资源环境学院, 黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室, 陕西 杨凌 712100;
2. 中国科学院 水利部 水土保持研究所, 陕西 杨凌 712100
Author(s):
GAO Yan1, ZHENG Fen-li1,2, WANG Bin1, LI Gui-fang2, ZHANG Jiao1, JIANG Yi-liang1
1. State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China;
2. Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
关键词:
东北黑土区; 土壤结皮; 坡度; 产流量; 侵蚀产沙量
Keywords:
black soil region; soil crust; slope gradient; runoff; sediment
分类号:
S157.1
摘要:
土壤结皮对坡面产流形成和侵蚀过程有重要的影响。基于室内人工模拟降雨试验，研究了土壤结皮对黑土区坡面产流产沙的影响。结果表明：土壤结皮促使坡面产流提前发生，但对坡面产流量的影响不甚明显；对坡面侵蚀产沙量却有明显的作用。试验条件下，5°坡面有土壤结皮处理的坡面侵蚀产沙量较无土壤结皮处理减少了54%。有土壤结皮处理的10°坡面，在降雨过程中结皮尚未破坏前，其坡面侵蚀产沙量较无土壤结皮处理的对照减少了40%；一旦土壤结皮被破坏，之后的坡面侵蚀产沙量较无土壤结皮处理的对照增加了46%；在整个降雨过程中，10°有土壤结皮处理的坡面侵蚀产沙量较无土壤结皮处理增加了16%。表明土壤结皮对坡面侵蚀的影响与地面坡度有密切关系。
Abstract:
Soil surface crust has great impacts on hillslope erosion process. Simulated rainfall experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of soil crust on runoff and sediment yield on hillslope in the black soil region. The experimental design included two kinds of soil surface (crust and non-crust), one rainfall intensity (60 mm/h) and two slope gradients (5° and 10°). Results showed that the runoff occurrence with soil crust treatment was earlier than that of non-crust treatment, but runoff rate was similar for both soil surface treatments. Compared to the non-crust treatment, the sediment yield on 5° slope with crust decreased by 54%; the sediment yield of 10° slope decreased by 40% when the soil crust existed in the process of rainfall because soil crust has the function of restraining sediment generation; but it increased by 46% after the soil crust was broken. The total sediment yield on 10° slope with initial crust increased by 16% compared to that in the non-crust treatment in the duration of the simulated rainfall. Under the experimental conditions, this study results showed that slope gradient was the key factor that soil crust affected soil erosion.

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备注/Memo

收稿日期:2013-07-04;改回日期:2013-10-23。
基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目（41271299，40871137）
作者简介:高燕(1988-),女,陕西省靖边县人,硕士研究生,研究方向为土壤侵蚀过程与机理。E-mail:caius@163.com
通讯作者:郑粉莉(1960-),女,陕西省蓝田县人,研究员,博士生导师,主要从事土壤侵蚀过程、预报和侵蚀环境效应评价研究。E-mail:flzh@ms.iswc.ac.cn

更新日期/Last Update: 1900-01-01