ZHOU Zhong-xue.Conceptual Mechanism Model of Impact of Urbanization on Ecosystem Service and Case Study[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2011,18(05):32-38.
城市化对生态系统服务功能的影响机制探讨与实证研究
- Title:
- Conceptual Mechanism Model of Impact of Urbanization on Ecosystem Service and Case Study
- Keywords:
- urbanization; ecosystem service; Xi’an City
- 分类号:
- X171.4;F291
- 摘要:
- 城市化空间格局控制着生态系统的动态。该文首先总结了城市化对生态系统服务功能影响的机制，并以西安市南郊平原为样区，实证分析了城市化水平与生态系统服务功能之间的定量关系。结果表明：（1）城市化过程中的人口聚集、工业化、土地利用变化是导致生态景观格局、生物物理过程和生物栖息地、生物地球化学循环改变的主要原因，进而对生态系统服务功能产生了重要影响。（2）总体上，城市化必然导致生态系统服务功能的降低。但人口城市化、经济城市化、景观城市化分别对生态系统的不同服务功能产生的影响不同；景观城市化对生态系统服务功能产生的负面影响更为显著。实证分析表明：在西北河谷平原地区，城市化对气候调节、土壤形成与保护、废物处理、食物生产等功能的负面影响比较显著，而对生物多样性保护功能、原材料生产功能和娱乐文化功能等的影响不显著。
- Abstract:
- The patterns of urbanization control ecosystem dynamics. This paper summarized the mechanism model of impact of urbanization on ecosystem functions, and experimentally studied the quantitative relationships between urbanization level and ecosystem functions in southern urban-suburb-rural area of Xi’an City, a typical research region. Following conclusions were drawn: (1)the population convergence, industrialization and land-use change lead to modification of natural landscape, biophysical processes and habitat, and biogeochemical cycles in the process of urbanization, which have an important impact on the ecosystem functions; (2)in general, urbanization will inevitably lead to the decrease in capacity of ecosystem services, but there were significant different influences of urbanization mainly caused by population grwoth, economic development and landscape transformation separately on ecosystem functions. The landscape transformation of urbanization has more remarkable negative impacts on different ecosystem functions. Empirical analysis shows that: there were more significant negative impacts of urbanization on climate regulation, soil conservation, waste disposal and food production in the northwest valley plains, while the impacts of urbanization on biodiversity maintenance, production of raw materials and cultural entertainment functions are not significant.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2011-1-24;修回日期:2011-3-21
基金项目:教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地项目（2009JJD770025）；陕西师范大学优秀科技预研项目（200902014）；中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金（GK200902022）；国家自然科学基金（41040011）
作者简介:周忠学（1972- ），男，甘肃崇信人，博士，副教授，硕士生导师，主要从事区域经济发展、资源环境评价等方面的研究。E-mail：zhouzhx@snnu.edu.cn