[1]范建容,严冬,郭祥.GIS支持下的长江上游降雨侵蚀力时空分布特征分析[J].水土保持研究,2010,17(01):92-96.
　FAN Jian-rong,YAN Dong,GUO Xiang.Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Rainfall Erosivity Based on GIS in the Upper Yangtze River Basin[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2010,17(01):92-96.
点击复制

GIS支持下的长江上游降雨侵蚀力时空分布特征分析

《水土保持研究》[ISSN:1005-3409/CN:61-1272/P] 卷: 17 期数: 2010年01期 页码: 92-96 栏目: 出版日期: 2010-02-20
Title:
Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Rainfall Erosivity Based on GIS in the Upper Yangtze River Basin
作者:
范建容1,2, 严冬1,3, 郭祥1,3
1. 中国科学院山地灾害与地表过程重点实验室, 成都, 610041;
2. 中国科学院成都山地灾害与环境研究所, 成都, 610041;
3. 中国科学院, 研究生院, 北京, 100039
Author(s):
FAN Jian-rong1,2, YAN Dong1,3, GUO Xiang1,3
1. Key Laboratory of Mountain Hazards and Surface Process, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China;
2. Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China;
3. Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China
关键词:
长江上游; 降雨侵蚀力; 分布特征
Keywords:
The Upper Yangtze River Basin; rainfall erosivity; distribution characteristic
分类号:
S157.1;TP79
摘要:
降雨侵蚀力是土壤侵蚀评估模型中的一个基本因子,利用长江上游361个测站1961-2004年日雨量资料估算降雨侵蚀力R值,利用GIS空间分析功能,获得长江上游降雨侵蚀力分布图、降雨侵蚀力年际变化趋势图、各区域R值平均年内分配曲线,在此基础上分析长江上游降雨侵蚀力时空分布特征.研究表明长江上游降雨侵蚀力的地域差异十分显著,与降雨量空间分布近似,由东向西减少,且降雨侵蚀力大的区域与多雨中心和暴雨中心分布基本一致.降雨侵蚀力年际变化存在明显的空间差异性,在一些地区年降雨侵蚀力的变化与年降雨量的变化趋势不一致.各区域降雨侵蚀力年内分配曲线为尖峰状分布,降雨侵蚀力十分集中.
Abstract:
Rainfall erosivity is one of the fundamental factors in soil erosion evaluation model.Daily rainfall data recorded by 361 meteorological stations in the Upper Yangtze River Basin from 1961 to 2004 was used to estimate rainfall erosivity R.Based on spatial analysis function in GIS,rainfall erosivity distribution map,inter-annual rainfall erosivity trend map as well as seasonal distribution curve of average annual rainfall erosivity in the Upper Yangtze River Basin were acquired to analyze the spatial and temporal characteristic of rainfall erosivity.Results show that there is significant spatial difference of rainfall erosivity in the Upper Yangtze River Basin.The spatial distribution of rainfall erosivity is close to that of rainfall which decrease from the east to the west.The spatial distribution of high rainfall erosivity is nearly the same as that of heavy and intensified rainfall.There is obvious spatial difference in the inter-annual rainfall erosivity variation.In some area,the annual variation of rainfall erosivity is not consistent with that of rainfall.The seasonal distribution of average annual rainfall erosivity is highly concentrated in certain time period of the year.

参考文献/References:

[1] 崔鹏,张小林.中国水土流失防治与生态安全:长江上游及西南诸河区卷[M].北京:科学出版社,2009.
[2] Wischmeier W H,Smit h D D.Predicting rainfall erosion losses:A guide to conservation planning[M].Agriculture Handbook,USDA,1978.
[3] Renard K G,Foster G R,Weesies G A,et al.Predicting soil Erosion By Walter:A Guide to Conservation Planning with the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation(RUSLE)[M].National Technical Information Service,USDA,1997.图6长江上游主要气候区多年平均降雨侵蚀力的年内分配特征
[4] 王万忠.黄土地区降雨侵蚀力R指标的研究[J].中国水土保持,1987(12):34-40.
[5] 黄炎和,卢程隆,郑添发,等.闽东南降雨侵蚀力指标R值的研究[J].水土保持学报,1992,6(4):1-5.
[6] 卜兆宏,董勤瑞,周伏建,等.降雨侵蚀力因子算法的初步研究[J].土壤学报,1992,29(4):408-417.
[7] 吴素业.安徽大别山区降雨侵蚀力简化算法与时空分布规律研究[J].中国水土保持,1994(4):12-13.
[8] 周伏建,陈明华,林福兴,等.福建省降雨侵蚀力指标R值[J].水土保持学报,1995,9(1):13-18.[9 ] 王万忠,焦菊英,郝小品,等.中国降雨侵蚀力R值的计算与分布(Ⅰ)[J].水土保持学报,1995,9(4):5-18.
[10] 王万忠,焦菊英,郝小品.中国降雨侵蚀力R值的计算与分布(Ⅱ)[J].水土保持学报,1996,2(1):29-39.
[11] 章文波,谢云,刘宝元.中国降雨侵蚀力空间变化特征[J].山地学报,2003,21(1):33-40.
[12] Wischmeier W H,Smith D D.Rainfall energy and its relationship to soil loss[J].Transactions of American Geophysical Union,1958,39(3):285-291.
[13] Wischmeie W H.A rainfall erosion index for a universal soil loss equation[J].Soil Science Society Proceedings,1959,23(3):246-249.
[14] 章文波,付金生.不同类型雨量资料估算降雨侵蚀力[J].资源科学,2003,25(1):35-41.

相似文献/References:

[1]吴艳,白建勤,张晓萍,等.基于日雨量的长武县53年来降雨量及侵蚀力演变趋势分析[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(04):38.
　WU Yan,BAI Jian-qin,ZHANG Xiao-ping,et al.Trend Analysis of Precipitation and Its Erosivity over Last 53 Years Based on the Daily Rainfall in Changwu County[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(01):38.
[2]曹炜,高云飞,李智广,等.河龙区间植物措施因子定量计算[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(04):96.
　CAO Wei,GAO Yun-fei,LI Zhi-guang,et al.Quantitative Calculation of Biological-control Factor in Helong Region[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(01):96.
[3]汪言在,苟诗薇,张述林.三峡库区(重庆段)降雨侵蚀力变化趋势及突变分析[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(03):1.
　WANG Yan-zai,GOU Shi-wei,ZHANG Shu-lin.Analysis of Rainfall Erosivity Trend and Abrupt Changes in Three Gorges Reservoir Area (Chongqing Section)[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(01):1.
[4]刘正佳,刘占仁,王丝丝,等.基于日降雨的沂蒙山区降雨侵蚀力时空变化研究[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(02):34.
　LIU Zheng-jia,LIU Zhan-ren,WANG Si-si,et al.Spatiotemporal Variation of Rrainfall Erosivity in Yimeng Mountainous Area Based on Daily Rainfall[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(01):34.
[5]赵燮京,庞良玉,张建华,等.改善生态环境防治长江上游水土流失[J].水土保持研究,1999,6(02):89.
　Zhao Xiejing,Pang Liangyu,Zhang Jianhua,et al.Control of Soil and Water Loss in the Upper Reaches of Yangtze River by Improving Ecological Environment[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1999,6(01):89.
[6]宁丽丹,石辉.利用日降雨量资料估算西南地区的降雨侵蚀力[J].水土保持研究,2003,10(04):183.
　NING Li-dan,SHI Hui.Estimating R-factor in Southwest China with Data of Daily Rainfall Amount[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2003,10(01):183.
[7]胡续礼,姜小三,杨树江,等.利用日雨量模型进行伏牛山区降雨侵蚀力的初步研究[J].水土保持研究,2006,13(03):195.
　HU Xu-li,JIANG Xiao-san,YANG Shu-jiang,et al.Study on Rainfall Erosivity in Funiu Mountainous Region Using Daily Rainfall Amounts Models[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2006,13(01):195.
[8]徐泰平,朱波,汪涛,等.不同降雨侵蚀力条件下紫色土坡耕地的养分流失[J].水土保持研究,2006,13(06):139.
　XU Tai-ping,ZHU Bo,WANG Tao,et al.Nutrient Loss from Slope Cropland of Purple Soil Under Different Rainfall Erosivities[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2006,13(01):139.
[9]刘和平,袁爱萍,路炳军,等.北京侵蚀性降雨标准研究[J].水土保持研究,2007,14(01):215.
　LIU He-ping,YUAN Ai-ping,LU Bing-jun,et al.Study on Erosive Ranifall Standard of Beijing[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2007,14(01):215.
[10]张信宝,贺秀斌,文安邦,等.侵蚀泥沙研究的137Cs核示踪技术[J].水土保持研究,2007,14(02):152.
　ZHANG Xin-bao,HE Xiu-bin,WEN An-bang,et al.The 137Cs Nuclear Tracing Technique for Soil Erosion and Sedimentation Studies[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2007,14(01):152.

备注/Memo

收稿日期:2009-8-20。
基金项目:国家“十一五”科技支撑计划项目课题(2008BAD98B04);中国科学院西部行动计划项目课题(KZCX2-XB2-07-04)
作者简介:范建容(1969- ),女,副研究员,博士,主要从事遥感与GIS技术应用、山地土壤侵蚀研究.E-mail:fjrong@imde.ac.cn

更新日期/Last Update: 1900-01-01