[1]党廷辉,郭胜利,郝明德.黄土旱塬长期施肥下硝态氮深层累积的定量研究[J].水土保持研究,2003,10(01):58-60,75.
　DANG Ting-hui,GUO Sheng-li,HAO Ming-de.The Amount and Ratio of NO3-N Accumulation Under Long-term Fertilization in Dry Highland of Loess Plateau[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2003,10(01):58-60,75.
点击复制

黄土旱塬长期施肥下硝态氮深层累积的定量研究

《水土保持研究》[ISSN:1005-3409/CN:61-1272/P] 卷: 10 期数: 2003年01期 页码: 58-60,75 栏目: 出版日期: 1900-01-01
Title:
The Amount and Ratio of NO3-N Accumulation Under Long-term Fertilization in Dry Highland of Loess Plateau
作者:
党廷辉1,2, 郭胜利1,2, 郝明德2
1. 中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所;
2. 西北农林科技大学, 陕西杨陵 712100
Author(s):
DANG Ting-hui1,2, GUO Sheng-li1,2, HAO Ming-de2
1. Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China;
2. Northwestern Sci-tech University of Agriculture and Forestry, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
关键词:
硝态氮; 累积量与累积率; 黄土旱塬
Keywords:
No3-N; the amount and ratio of accumulation; dry highland of Loess Plateau
分类号:
S158.3
摘要:
在黄土旱塬长期定位测定结果表明，长期过量或不平衡使用氮肥将导致硝态氮在土壤深层的严重积累。不同施肥处理对比，14年后0～200cm硝态氮的累积量NPM>N>NP>M，对应的硝态氮累积率分别为20.3%、30.98%、15.49%和8.51%.化肥配比试验表明，土壤剖面NO3-N的累积量与累积率一般随氮肥用量的增加而增加，而且，NO3-N累积深度随氮肥用量的递增而加深。氮磷严重失调时，硝态氮累积率剧增，15年后最大累积率达到42.3%（单施氮180kg/hm2处理）.在施氮引起NO3-N严重累积的情况下，配施磷肥可以明显的减少硝态氮的累积数量和累积率，而且随磷肥用量的增加减少幅度愈大。从土壤氮素平衡来看，加大施氮量降低氮素利用率，配施磷肥则增加氮肥利用率。
Abstract:
A long term experiment in dry highland of Loess Plateau was conducted, the results show that serious nitrate accumulation would be found in soil deep profile in long term overuse or unbalance application of nitrogen.Comparing treatments after 14 year, nitrate rates of accumulation in 0～200 cm are NPMNNPM, the ratios of accumulation are 20.3%, 30.98%, 15.49% and 8.51% respectively.Long term application of combination of N and P fertilizer experiment shows that in soil profile the amount and ratio of nitrate accumulation would increase with applied N rate, and the depth of its accumulation would deepen with the N rate.Nitrate accumulation would leap when N and P combination is very imbalance, the most ratio is 42.3% in treatment N 180 kg/hm2 after 15 years.In case of nitrate accumulation in severity, applying P fertilizer might reduce the amount and ratio.The more applying P is, the bigger extent decrease is.In view of nitrogen balance, applying P would improve NUE, but reverse in N overuse.

参考文献/References:

[1] Keeney, D R. Nitrogen management for maximum efficiency and minimum pollution[A].In:F J.Stevenson(ed.), Nitrogen in Agricultural Soils[M].Madison:Wis.Am.Soc.Of Agron.Agronomy, 1982.605-949.
[2] 朱兆良, 文启孝.中国土壤氮素[M].南京:江苏科学技术出版社, 1992.213-249.
[3] 张福珠, 熊先哲, 戴同顺.应用15N研究土壤-植物系统中氮素淋失动态[J].环境科学, 1984, 5(1):21-24.
[4] 王家玉, 王胜佳, 陈义.稻田土壤中氮素淋失的研究[J].土壤学报, 1996, 33(1): 28-35.
[5] 张国梁, 章申.农田氮素淋失研究进展[J].土壤, 1998, 6:291-297.
[6] 鲁如坤, 刘鸿翔, 闻大中. 我国典型地区农业生态系统养分循环和平衡研究[J] 土壤通报, 1996, 27(4):45-51.
[7] 郭胜利, 党廷辉, 郝明德. 黄土高原沟壑区不同施肥条件下土壤剖面中矿质氮的分布特征[J] 干旱地区农业研究, 2000, 18(1):22-27.
[8] 樊军, 郝明德, 党廷辉. 旱地长期定位施肥对土壤剖面硝态氮分布与累积的影响[J].土壤与环境, 2000, 9(1):23-26.

相似文献/References:

[1]聂斌,李文刚,江丽华,等.不同灌溉方式对设施番茄土壤剖面硝态氮分布及灌溉水分效率的影响[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(03):102.
　NIE Bin,LI Wen-gang,JIANG Li-hua,et al.Effects of Different Irrigation Methods on Nitrate Nitrogen Distribution in Soil Profile and Irrigation Water Use Efficiency of Tomato in Greenhouse[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(01):102.
[2]郭胜利,余存祖,戴鸣钧.有机肥对土壤剖面硝态氮淋失影响的模拟研究[J].水土保持研究,2000,7(04):123.
　GUO Shengli,YU Cunzu,DAI Mingjun.Simulated Test of Effects of Organic Manure on Leaching of NO3--N in Soil Profile[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2000,7(01):123.
[3]吴薇,姚娜,赵书华,等.丹江口库区典型坡面不同土地利用硝态氮水平运移特征[J].水土保持研究,2015,22(01):33.
　WU Wei,YAO Na,ZHAO Shuhua,et al.Characteristics of Nitrate Horizontal Transport in Soils from Different Land Uses in Danjiangkou Reservoir[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2015,22(01):33.
[4]陈磊,郝明德,李占斌.黄土高原旱地长期施肥对土壤硝态氮淋失的影响[J].水土保持研究,2014,21(02):43.
　CHEN Lei,HAO Ming-de,LI Zhan-bin.Effects of Long-term Application of Fertilizers on Nitrate Accumulation in the Loess Plateau Dryland[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2014,21(01):43.
[5]赵斌,王红,张瑞芳,等.片麻岩新成土中硝态氮垂直运移规律模拟研究[J].水土保持研究,2014,21(01):122.
　ZHAO Bin,WANG Hong,ZHANG Rui-fang,et al.Simulation Study on Nitrate Transport and Leaching in the Gneiss Entisols[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2014,21(01):122.
[6]李文娟,颜永毫,郑纪勇,等.生物炭对黄土高原不同质地土壤中NO3-N运移特征的影响[J].水土保持研究,2013,20(05):60.
　LI Wen-juan,YAN Yong-hao,ZHENG Ji-yong,et al.Effect of Biochar on the Transfer of Nitrate in Three Different Soils on the Loess Plateau[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2013,20(01):60.
[7]柳媛媛,孙本华,皮小敏,等.有机物料输入对关中土碳氮影响的后效作用[J].水土保持研究,2018,25(04):71.
　LIU Yuanyuan,SUN Benhua,PI Xiaomin,et al.Post-Effects of Organic Material Input on Soil Carbon and Nitrogen on Anthropogenic Loess Soil in Guanzhong Area[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2018,25(01):71.
[8]赵晓芳,黄明斌.黄土高原王东沟小流域土壤表层氮的空间分布[J].水土保持研究,2019,26(04):62.
　ZHAO Xiaofang,HUANG Mingbin.Spatial Distribution of Nitrogen of Topsoil in the Wangdonggou Watershed of the Loess Plateau[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2019,26(01):62.

备注/Memo

收稿日期:2002-11-25
基金项目:中国科学院知识创新工程项目（KZCX2-413-5）；国家科技攻关项目（2001BA508B18）
作者简介:党廷辉（1964- ），男，在职博士，副研究员，主要从事土壤作物营养与施肥研究。

更新日期/Last Update: 1900-01-01