YANG Hua,SHI Hui,LI Zhuo,et al.Influence of Petroleum Hydrocarbon Pollution on Soil Water Holding Characteristics and Soil Water Availability[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2022,29(03):142-146.
石油烃污染对土壤持水特征及水分有效性的影响
- Title:
- Influence of Petroleum Hydrocarbon Pollution on Soil Water Holding Characteristics and Soil Water Availability
- 文章编号:
- 1005-3409(2022)03-0142-05
- Keywords:
- soil water holding characteristics; apparent soil available water content; soil water characteristic curve; diesel; crude oil
- 分类号:
- S152.7; X53
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 石油烃污染土壤已经成为我国一个严重的环境问题,污染后的土壤理化性质发生改变,直接影响土壤的持水特性及水分有效性,确定石油烃污染对土壤持水特征和水分有效性的影响及其程度可为揭示石油烃污染对土壤性质的影响提供新的科学认识。通过人工配置柴油和原油不同污染浓度污染的黄绵土,利用离心机法测定土壤水分特征曲线,分析了土壤的持水特征与水分有效性。结果表明:(1)不同浓度柴油与原油污染土壤后,水分特征曲线均位于未污染土壤的下部,其中原油污染的影响更甚。(2)水分特征曲线van Genuchten模型参数θs、θr随着污染浓度的增加呈现指数衰减,参数α值呈幂函数减小、n值出现随污染浓度对数增加的特点。(3)土壤的饱和含水量、田间持水量以及凋萎含水量均随柴油、原油污染浓度的增加出现下降趋势,表观土壤有效含水量随污染浓度表现出先降后升的U字形的变化模式。无论原油还是柴油污染土壤,均会影响土壤的持水特征和水分有效性,影响的大小与石油烃的类型和浓度密切相关。
- Abstract:
- Petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil has become a serious environmental problem in China. The physical and chemical properties of the polluted soil have changed due to the pollution, which directly affects the water retention characteristics and water availability of the soil. Determining the effects of petroleum hydrocarbon pollution on soil water retention characteristics and water availability and its degree can provide a new scientific understanding for revealing the effects of petroleum hydrocarbon pollution on soil properties. We made up the contaminated soil by different pollution concentrations of diesel and crude oil, and measured these soil moisture characteristic curve by the centrifuge method. The soil water-holding characteristics and soil water availability were explored. The results show that:(1)after the soil was polluted by petroleum hydrocarbons with different concentrations of diesel oil and crude oil, the water characteristic curves were all in the lower part of the unpolluted soil, and the influence of crude oil pollution was even more significant;(2)the parameters θs and θr of the Van Genuchten model of water characteristic curve decreased exponentially with the increase of pollution concentration; the α value decreased as a power function, while the n value increased with the logarithm of the pollution concentration;(3)soil saturated water content, field water capacity and wilting water content all showed a decreasing trend with the increase of pollution concentration; the soil available water content of diesel oil and crude oil showed a U-shaped change pattern of decreasing first and then rising with the increse of pollution concentration. Whether the soil is polluted by crude oil or refined diesel, it will affect the soil water holding characteristics and water availability, and the magnitude of the impact is closely related to the type and concentration of petroleum hydrocarbons.
参考文献/References:
[1] 张晓阳.陕北石油污染对土壤理化性质和酶活性的影响[D].陕西杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2013.
[2] 张晓阳,李凯荣,张麟君.陕北石油污染对土壤理化性质的影响[J].水土保持研究,2013,20(3):32-38.
[3] 李小利,刘国彬,许明祥.陕北油田土壤和地表水石油污染特征[J].水土保持研究,2009,16(5):145-148.
[4] 李小利,刘国彬,薛萐,等.土壤石油污染对植物苗期生长和土壤呼吸的影响[J].水土保持学报,2007,21(3):95-98.
[5] Cui B, Zhang X, Han G, et al. Antioxidant defense response and growth reaction of Amorpha fruticosa seedlings in petroleum-contaminated soil[J]. Water Air & Soil Pollution, 2016,227(4):1-10.
[6] 程金香,马俊杰,王伯铎,等.石油开发工程生态环境影响分析与评价[J].环境科学与技术,2004,27(6):64-65,78.
[7] 邓绍云,徐学义,邱清华.我国石油污染土壤修复研究现状与展望[J].北方园艺,2012(14):184-190.
[8] 魏样,蔡苗,朱坤,等.石油污染对土壤水分特征的影响[J].地球环境学报,2018,9(3):266-272.
[9] 李梅,郑西来,童玲,等.石油污染对土壤渗透性的影响研究[J].中山大学学报:自然科学版,2008,48(2):119-123.
[10] 魏样,王益权,何俐蓉.石油污染对土壤水理性质的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2019,38(S1):98-101.
[11] Wei Y, Wang Y, Han J, et al. Analysis of water retention characteristics of oil-polluted earthy materials with different textures based on van Genuchten model[J]. Journal of Soils and Sediments, 2019,19(1):373-380.
[12] Ahmadi M, Ebadi T, Maknoon R. Effects of crude oil contamination on geotechnical properties of sand-kaolinite mixtures[J]. Engineering Geology, 2021,283:doi. org/10,1016/j. enggeo.2021.106021.
[13] 李小飞,李一菲,钱天伟.柴油污染对土壤水分特征曲线的影响研究[J].节水灌溉,2015(6):22-25.
[14] Schaap M G, Van Genuchten M T. A modified mualem: Van Genuchten formulation for improved description of the hydraulic conductivity near saturation[J]. Vadose Zone Journal, 2006,5(1):27-34.
[15] 冉艳玲,王益权,张润霞,等.保水剂对土壤持水特性的作用机理研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2015,33(5):101-107.
[16] 吕殿青,邵明安,王全九.土壤持水特征测定中的容重变化及其确定方法[J].水利学报,2003,3(3):110-114.
[17] 邵明安,吕殿青,付晓莉,等.土壤持水特征测定中质量含水量、吸力和容重三者间定量关系. I.填装土壤[J].土壤学报,2007,44(6):1003-1009.
备注/Memo
收稿日期:2021-05-19 修回日期:2021-05-30
资助项目:国家自然科学基金面上项目“黄土丘陵区不同植被下土壤润湿性特征及其与团聚体稳定性的关系”(41771309)
第一作者:杨华(1996—),女,江西南昌人,学生,硕士,主要研究方向为环境生态。E-mail:1575204350@qq.com
通信作者:石辉(1968—),男,陕西眉县人,博士,教授,主要从事环境生态与水土保持方面的教学科研工作。E-mail:shihui@xauat.edu.cn