[1]郑凯利,邓东周.若尔盖湿地土壤入渗性能及其影响因素[J].水土保持研究,2019,26(03):179-184,191.
　ZHENG Kaili,DENG Dongzhou.Characteristic and Influencing Factors of Soil Infiltration in Zoige Wetland[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2019,26(03):179-184,191.
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若尔盖湿地土壤入渗性能及其影响因素

《水土保持研究》[ISSN:1005-3409/CN:61-1272/P] 卷: 26 期数: 2019年03期 页码: 179-184,191 栏目: 出版日期: 2019-04-12
Title:
Characteristic and Influencing Factors of Soil Infiltration in Zoige Wetland
作者:
郑凯利1, 邓东周2
1. 四川水利职业技术学院, 成都 611231;
2. 四川省林业科学研究院, 成都 610081
Author(s):
ZHENG Kaili1, DENG Dongzhou2
1. Sichuan Water Conservancy Vocational College, Chengdu 611231, China;
2. Sichuan Academy of Forestry, Chengdu 610081, China
关键词:
若尔盖湿地; 土壤入渗; 影响因素
Keywords:
Zoige Wetland; soil infiltration; influencing factors
分类号:
S152.7
摘要:
采集若尔盖湿地土壤退化过程中4种典型土壤（泥炭土、沼泽土、草甸土、风沙土）进行了室内模拟分析，采用双环入渗法研究若尔盖湿地土壤退化过程中土壤入渗性能及其影响因素。结果表明：（1）土壤有机碳、含水量、毛管孔隙度、1～0.05 mm颗粒组成、> 5 mm、> 2 mm和 > 0.25 mm水稳性团聚体随着土层深度的增加呈逐渐降低趋势，而土壤容重、非毛管孔隙度和<0.01 mm颗粒组成随着土层深度的增加呈逐渐增加趋势。（2）不同土壤类型土壤入渗过程差异明显，入渗速率在开始阶段陡降，随着时间的推移，下降幅度逐渐减小，最后达到稳渗；泥炭土达稳定入渗的时间最长，达130 min；风沙土达到稳渗的时间最短，仅为80 min。（3）土壤入渗特征为泥炭土 > 沼泽土 > 草甸土 > 风沙土，不同土层土壤初始入渗率、稳定入渗率、平均渗透率和渗透总量均随着土层深度的增加而降低。（4）采用的3种公式都能较好地模拟出降雨向土壤中入渗的过程，但从相关系数r绝对值来看，考斯加可夫公式拟合效果较菲利普入渗公式和霍顿公式好。（5）相关性分析表明，土壤有机碳含量、含水量、毛管孔隙度和>5 mm水稳性团聚体与土壤渗透性能呈显著正相关（p<0.05）。结合主成分方差贡献率与影响因子负荷量绝对值大小，经过分析影响入渗的主要因子是有机碳、含水量、毛管孔隙度、>5 mm水稳性大团聚体。综合分析表明：若尔盖湿地泥炭土于土壤侵蚀的防治具有一定的积极效应。
Abstract:
Four typical soil samples (peat, swamp, meadow, sands) were used to study the characteristic and influencing factors of soil infiltration in Zoige wetland. The results showed that:(1) Soil organic carbon, water content, capillary porosity, 1~0.05 mm particle size, water stable aggregates of > 5 mm, > 2 mm and > 0.25 mm decreased with the increasing of soil depth, while soil bulk density, non-capillary porosity showed the opposite change trend; (2) there was a significant difference of soil infiltration among these soil types, and the stable infiltration time (130 min) was longer in peat and stable infiltration time (80 min) was short in sands; (3) the parameters of soil infiltration decreased in the order:peat > swamp > meadow > sands, and decreased with the increase of soil depth; (4) the three formulas could well simulate the infiltration process of rainfall into soil, and precision values of the researched soil type simulated by Kostiakov infiltration model was the highest; (5) among all soil types, ability of soil infiltration was positively correlated with soil organic carbon, water content, capillary porosity and >5 mm water stable aggregate, which were the main influencing factors on soil infiltration in Zoige wetland. In total, the peat soil had a positive effect on the prevention of soil erosion.

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备注/Memo

收稿日期:2018-06-01;改回日期:2018-07-15。
基金项目:国家科技支撑计划“川西北藏区高寒沙地适生治沙灌木材料培育及示范”（2015BAC05B01）
作者简介:郑凯利(1981-),女,陕西宝鸡人,讲师,硕士,研究方向:水土保持。E-mail:Kaili_zheng@126.com

更新日期/Last Update: 1900-01-01