RAN Qing-hong,XIE De-ti,WEI Chao-fu,et al.Analysis of Land Constraints of Agricultural Development in the Developing Countries and Regions[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2007,14(02):29-33.
发展中国家或地区农业发展的土地限制性分析
- Title:
- Analysis of Land Constraints of Agricultural Development in the Developing Countries and Regions
- Keywords:
- agricultural development; land quantity land quality; limiting factors; developing countries and regions
- 分类号:
- F301.24
- 摘要:
- 发展中国家或地区耕地数量和农业用地质量变化是影响农业可持续发展和粮食安全的重要因素之一。分析发展中国家或地区1993~2002年耕地数量变动，结果表明耕地总量波动但人均耕地数量减少，从区域农业自然条件禀赋差异、耕地退化弃耕与可耕地用途改变、人口数量与人口增长等方面分析耕地数量变动的原因；利用1990~2004年的人口变动资料建立二次曲线模型，预测2010年和2025年人口数量并讨论其对耕地的压力。综述发展中国家或地区农业用地质量限制性的现状，分析边地耕作、风蚀与水蚀、化学与物理性因素、有机物投入、信用限制与灌溉面积比重等因素对农业用地质量的限制以及农业用地质量退化对农业的影响。最后讨论发展中国家或地区加强农业用地管理以应对耕地数量和农业用地质量限制问题。
- Abstract:
- Considering limited availability of cultivated land resources, many developing countries face major challenges to achieve a sustainable agricultural development and food security. The purpose was to study the constraints of land resources in developing countries and regions. It was analyzed that the per capita arable land area of agricultural population had been changed in developing countries from 1993 to 2002.The result showed that the per capita arable land area of agricultural population decreased so rapidly and severely that was anxious and dangerous in developing countries. Based on many related literatures on land degradation written by the formers before, some severe constraints of the land quality on agricultural development were discussed. The limiting factors include both natural factors and man-made factors, such as water and wind erosion, soil chemical and physical constraints, cultivation of marginal lands, deficiency of soil organic matter imputed, inappropriate farming methods, credit constraint and weak institutional support and so on. Then it was analyzed the regional characteristics of the land constraints which affected agricultural development in some countries of the developing world. At last, it was put forward the suggestion to improve the agricultural land management in developing countries and regions.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2006-3-2
基金项目:国家社会科学基金项目（编号：06XJY005）
作者简介:冉清红（1968- ），女，四川大英人，硕士，副教授，博士研究生，主要从事土地资源与区域地理研究。