Liu Ziyue,Zhang Wenbo,Yin Bing,et al.Spatial Distribution Pattern of Soil Erosion Intensity in the Pan-Third Pole Region Based on CSLE[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2024,31(03):1-9.[doi:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.2024.03.036]
基于CSLE的泛第三极地区土壤侵蚀强度空间分布特征
- Title:
- Spatial Distribution Pattern of Soil Erosion Intensity in the Pan-Third Pole Region Based on CSLE
- 文章编号:
- 1005-3409(2024)03-0001-09
- 分类号:
- S157.1
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- [目的]定量评估泛第三极地区的土壤侵蚀状况,明确土壤侵蚀的分布特征,以期为土壤侵蚀的科学防治提供依据。[方法]基于分层不等概系统抽样方法,共布设31 406个调查单元。利用中国土壤流失方程CSLE计算泛第三极地区土壤侵蚀速率,并利用莫兰指数(I)探讨其分布特征。[结果](1)泛第三极地区平均土壤侵蚀速率为162.73 t/(km2·a),水土流失面积比例为7.75%,土壤侵蚀速率超过500 t/(km2·a)的地区主要位于西亚、东亚和南亚;(2)土壤侵蚀存在明显的空间聚集性(I=0.920 9),以高高型和低低型聚集为主,高高型聚集主要分布在西亚北部、南亚北部和西南部以及中国的东北、黄土高原和西藏南部;(3)草地、灌丛和耕地是土壤侵蚀较严重的土地利用类型,其中>1 000 m的草地、>500 m的灌丛和耕地的土壤侵蚀更严重,超过25%的土地都发生了水土流失,平均土壤侵蚀速率变化于426.85～683.72 t/(km2·a)。[结论]海拔介于1 000～6 000 m的草地、500～4 000 m的灌丛以及1 000～4 000 m的耕地是泛第三极地区土壤侵蚀发生的重点区域,需特别关注。
- Abstract:
- [Objective] The aims of this study are to quantify soil erosion and analyze its distribution pattern in the Pan-Third Pole region, and to provide scientific basis for soil erosion control in this region. [Methods] Based on a stratified systematic design with unequal probabilities, a total of 31 406 sampling units were selected. The Chinese Soil Loss Equation(CSLE)was employed to calculate the soil erosion rate. The Moran's index(I)was used to characterize its spatial distribution in the Pan-Third Pole region. [Results](1)The mean soil erosion rate was 162.73 t/(km2·a)in the Pan-Third Pole region, and the proportion of the soil loss area was 7.75%. The areas with the soil erosion rate exceeding 500 t/(km2·a)mainly distributed in West Asia, East Asia and South Asia.(2)Soil erosion was highly aggregated in the study region. The value of Moran's I was up to 0.920 9. The spatial aggregation manifested as high-high and low-low aggregations, and the former was observed primarily in northern West Asia, northern and southwestern South Asia, as well as northeastern China, Loess Plateau, and southern Tibet.(3)Soil erosion was relatively more serious in the grassland, scrubland and arable land. Especially in the grassland with the altitude≥1 000 m, scrubland and arable land above 500 m, the percentage of the soil loss area exceeded 25%, and the mean soil erosion rate ranged from 426.85 to 683.72 t/(km2·a). [Conclusion] In the Pan-Third Pole region, the grassland with the altitude between 1 000 and 6 000 m, scrubland between 500 and 4 000 m and arable land from 1 000 to 4 000 m were judged as the key areas susceptible to soil erosion, which requires the special attention.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2023-06-05 修回日期:2023-06-27
资助项目:第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究(2019QZKK0306); 中国科学院战略性先导科技专项子课题“土壤侵蚀定量评价与分区防控对策”(XDA20040202)
第一作者:刘子玥(1999—),女,河北唐山人,硕士研究生,主要从事土壤侵蚀研究。E-mail:202121051015@mail.bnu.edu.cn
通信作者:章文波(1971—),男,湖南长沙人,副教授,博士,主要从事土壤侵蚀研究。E-mail:wenbozhang@bnu.edu.cn