YE Zhicheng,ZHU Qing,LIAO Kaihua,et al.Effects of Different Fertilization Levels and Methods on Tea Quality and Leaching Concentrations of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Soil in Tianmu Lake Basin[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2023,30(04):53-60,68.[doi:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.2023.04.001.]
天目湖流域茶园不同施肥水平与方式对茶叶品质和土壤氮磷淋失浓度的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Different Fertilization Levels and Methods on Tea Quality and Leaching Concentrations of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Soil in Tianmu Lake Basin
- 文章编号:
- 1005-3409(2023)04-0053-08
- Keywords:
- Tianmu Lake Basin; tea plantations; non-point source pollution; slow-release fertilizer; nitrogen and phosphorus leaching
- 分类号:
- S153.6
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- [目的]出于对天目湖流域水环境保护的需要,揭示施肥对茶叶品质和土壤氮磷淋失的影响机制,遴选流域内茶园最佳施肥模式,进而为天目湖流域面源污染治理提供理论支撑。[方法]基于长期定位试验,考虑了两种施肥方式(传统复合肥CF和优化缓释肥OF),并设置了CF/OF1(214.73,74.26 kg/hm2),CF/OF2(245.40,84.86 kg/hm2),CF/OF3(306.75,106.08 kg/hm2)和CF/OF4(368.10,127.30 kg/hm2)4个氮磷施用水平,以探讨其对天目湖茶园土壤氮磷淋失浓度和茶叶品质的影响。[结果]在同等施肥水平下,相较于CF处理,基于OF的茶园土壤溶解性总氮、硝态氮、溶解性总磷和正磷酸盐淋失浓度分别减少40.22%～82.31%,44.86%～62.39%,26.67%～96.36%和20.00%～97.29%; 不同施肥水平和方式对茶叶水浸出物含量的影响很小(变化范围47.4%～48.7%),但对茶叶酚氨比的影响显著,其中2022年春茶以CF4最低(2.52),其次为CF1(2.71)和OF1(2.76)。[结论]综合考虑茶叶品质和土壤氮磷淋失浓度等因素,采用OF1施肥模式可在确保研究区茶叶品质不降低的条件下有效减少土壤的氮磷淋失。
- Abstract:
- [Objective] According to the need for water environmental protection in the Tianmu Lake Basin, the effect mechanism of fertilization on tea quality and soil nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P)leaching was revealed, and the optimal fertilization model of tea plantations in the basin was selected, so as to provide theoretical support for the control of non-point source pollution in Tianmu Lake Basin. [Methods] Basing on long-term located experiments, two fertilization methods such as conventional fertilization(CF)and optimizing fertilization(OF)were considered in this research, and four different N and P application levels. including CF/OF1(214.73 and 74.26 kg/hm2), CF/OF2(245.40 and 84.86 kg/hm2), CF/OF3(306.75 and 106.08 kg/hm2)and CF/OF4(368.10 and 127.30 kg/hm2)were designed to discuss the effects on N and P leaching concentration and tea quality in Tianmu Lake tea plantation. [Results] Under the same fertilization level, compared with CF treatment, the OF treatment had lower leaching concentration of dissolved total nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, dissolved total phosphorus and orthophosphate in soil of tea plantation which decreased by 40.22%～82.31%, 44.86%～62.39%, 26.67%～96.36% and 20.00%～97.29%, respectively. Different fertilization levels and methods had little effect on the tea water extract content(ranging from 47.4% to 48.7%), but had a great effect on phenol/ammonia ratio of tea. Phenol/ammonia ratio in 2022 spring tea under CF4 treatment was the lowest(2.52), followed by CF1 treatment(2.71)and OF1 treatment(2.76). [Conclusion] Considering tea quality and soil N and P leaching concentration, OF1 model can both ensure a high quality of the tea and effectively reduce the N and P leaching in soil in the research area.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2022-06-04 修回日期:2022-07-05
资助项目:国家杰出青年科学基金资助项目(42125103); 国家自然科学基金面上项目(42171077); 江苏省碳达峰碳中和科技创新专项资金项目(BK202200420); 中国科学院A类战略性先导科技专项“美丽中国生态文明建设科技工程”(XDA23020403); 中国科学院青年创新促进会基金(2020317); 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所自主部署科研项目(NIGLAS2022GS10)
第一作者:叶志成(1999—),男,安徽马鞍山人,硕士研究生,研究方向为氮磷生物地球化学循环。E-mail:yezhicheng21@mails.ucas.ac.cn
通信作者:廖凯华(1984—),男,江西吉安人,博士,副研究员,主要从事农业面源氮磷流失模拟与控制研究。E-mail:khliao@niglas.ac.cn