HE Qiangqiang,MAO Donglei,XU Jiarui,et al.Sediment Granularity Characteristics and Deposition Environment of Different Dunes in the Cele Oasis-Desert Ecotone[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2023,30(03):135-145.[doi:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.2023.03.007]
策勒绿洲—沙漠过渡带不同沙丘的沉积物粒度特征及沉积环境
- Title:
- Sediment Granularity Characteristics and Deposition Environment of Different Dunes in the Cele Oasis-Desert Ecotone
- 文章编号:
- 1005-3409(2023)03-0135-11
- Keywords:
- oasis-desert ecotone; sedimentary environment; grain size characteristics; magnetic susceptibility; sand dunes; Cele
- 分类号:
- P931.3
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- [目的]通过对策勒绿洲—沙漠过渡带不同沙丘类型下风沙沉积物粒度、磁化率分布特征及环境敏感粒级组分进行分析,探讨不同沙丘类型下风沙沉积物相关参数及分布规律。[方法]基于绿洲—沙漠过渡带4种沙丘各部位粒度数据及磁化率数据,采用数理统计方法进行相关性分析。[结果]4种沙丘在不同地貌部位表层的沙物质粒级含量有所差别,回涡、灌丛、新月形及风影沙丘表面沙物质主要由极粗粉砂、极细砂、细砂组成,百分含量总和由小到大依次为96.71%,97.54%,98.48%,98.65%。4种不同沙丘表面沙物质分选性均为分选中度好。不同沙丘的峰态平均值介于0.93～1.02,属于中等峰态,从总体上分析4种沙丘的峰态值从迎风坡底到顶部逐渐增大,顶部到背风坡底部逐渐减小。新月形沙丘偏度值最小,偏度值介于-0.03～0.01,主要表现为对称,风影、回涡及灌丛沙丘偏度值介于-0.04～0.44,为对称和正偏。风影、灌丛及新月形沙丘表面沙物质平均粒径与偏度值呈极显著正相关(p<0.01),表明沙粒平均粒径愈粗愈趋向正偏。风影、回涡及新月形沙丘表面沙物质偏度与峰态呈极显著正相关(p<0.01),沙物质分选性愈差,就愈趋于窄峰态。通过沉积环境判别得出沉积物为风成沙,主体为风成沉积环境,4种不同的沙丘环境敏感粒级组分集中于100～570 μm,表明研究区域风沙活动强烈。由于地理要素所组成的差异化构造及人为原因,导致每个不同地貌部位表面沉积物的粒级—标准偏差值相对变化差异较大。[结论]绿洲—沙漠过渡带4种风积地貌沙物质粒径差异主要是由地形、风况及沙源沉积物结构所导致。
- Abstract:
- [Objective]The distribution characteristics of particle size, magnetic susceptibility and environmentally sensitive grain size fractions of eolian sand sediments under different dune types in the oasis-desert ecotone were studied to explore the relevant parameters and distribution patterns of eolian sand sediments under different dune types. [Methods] Based on the grain size data and susceptibility data of each part of the four kinds of sand dunes in the oasis-desert ecotone, the correlation analysis was carried out by using mathematical statistical method. [Results] The surface sand contents of the four types of dunes differ in different geomorphic areas, with the surface sand content of the four types of dunes consisting mainly of very coarse silty sand, very fine sand and fine sand, with the total percentage content of 96.71%, 97.54%, 98.48% and 98.65%, respectively. All the four different dunes have moderately good sortability of surface sand material. The mean kurtosis values of the different dunes range from 0.93 to 1.02, which is a medium kurtosis. In general, the kurtosis values of the four dunes increase gradually from the bottom to the top of the windward slope and decrease from the top to the bottom of the leeward slope. The crescent-shaped dunes have the lowest kurtosis values, ranging from-0.03 to 0.01, which are mainly symmetrical, while kurtosis values of the wind shadow, gyre and scrub range from-0.04 to 0.44, which are mainly symmetrical and positively skewed. The mean grain sizes of sand material on the surface of wind shadow dunes, scrub dunes and crescent dunes show the highly significant positive correlation(p<0.01)with the skewness value, indicating that the coarser the mean grain size is, the more positive the skewness tends to be. A highly significant positive correlation(p<0.01)is found between the skewness and kurtosis of the sand material on the surface of the wind-shaded, scrub and crescent dunes, indicating that the poorer the sand material sorting is, the more narrowly kurtotic the sand material tends to be. The four different dune environments have sensitive grain size fractions concentrating in the range of 100～570 μm, indicating strong wind and sand activity in the study area, and large differences in the relative variation of grain size-standard deviation values of the samples due to the differential structure and anthropogenic causes of the geographical elements. [Conclusion] The differences in grain size between the four dune types in the oasis-desert ecotone are mainly due to topography, wind conditions and the structure of the sand source sediments.
参考文献/References:
[1] Purkait B. The use of grain-size distribution patterns to elucidate aeolian processes on a transverse dune of Thar Desert, India[J]. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, 2010,35(5):525-530.
[2] Langford R P, Gill T E, Jones S B. Transport and mixing of eolian sand from local sources resulting in variations in grain size in a gypsum dune field, White Sands, New Mexico, USA[J]. Sedimentary Geology, 2016,333(1):184-197.
[3] 李超,董治宝,崔徐甲.腾格里沙漠东南缘不同发育阶段横向沙丘粒度特征[J].中国沙漠,2015,35(1):129-135.
[4] 钱广强,董治宝,罗万银,等.巴丹吉林沙漠地表沉积物粒度特征及区域差异[J].中国沙漠,2011,31(6):1357-1364.
[5] 董治宝,吕萍.70年来中国风沙地貌学的发展[J].地理学报,2020,75(3):509-528.
[6] 凌智永,周亚辉,李廷伟,等.东昆仑库木库里沙漠表层沉积物粒度特征、物源与沉积环境[J].干旱区地理,2017,40(5):1013-1019.
[7] Lancaster K. Grain-size characteristics of linear dunes in the Southwestern Kalahali[J]. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 1986,56(3):395-405.
[8] 苏松领,毛东雷,蔡富艳,等.新疆策勒沙漠与砾质戈壁新月形沙丘表面沉积物粒度特征及其沉积环境[J].干旱区资源与环境,2020,34(8):124-132.
[9] 毛东雷,雷加强,王翠,等.新疆策勒县沙漠—绿洲过渡带风沙流结构及输沙粒度特征[J].水土保持通报,2015,35(1):25-33.
[10] 王倩,毛东雷,赵枫,等.策勒绿洲—沙漠过渡带不同植被沙丘表面风沙沉积物粒度特征分析研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2021,35(3):96-102.
[11] 苏松领,毛东雷,赵枫,等.新疆策勒不同荒漠化程度下地表沉积物粒度及分形特征[J].干旱区资源与环境,2021,35(11):127-134.
[12] 苏志珠,梁爱民,马义娟,等.库姆塔格沙漠典型线形沙丘粒度特征[J].中国沙漠,2016,36(4):877-884.
[13] 宁凯,李卓仑,王乃昂,等.巴丹吉林沙漠地表风积砂粒度空间分布及其环境意义[J].中国沙漠,2013,33(3):642-648.
[14] 宋洁,春喜,白雪梅,等.中国沙漠粒度分析研究综述[J].中国沙漠,2016,36(3):597-603.
[15] 隆浩,王乃昂,马海州,等.腾格里沙漠西北缘湖泊沉积记录的区域风沙特征[J].沉积学报,2007,25(4):626-631.
[16] 隆浩,王乃昂,李育,等.毛乌素沙地北缘泊江海子剖面粒度特征及环境意义[J].中国沙漠,2007,27(2):187-193.
[17] 王蒙,逯军峰,付鹏,等.巴丹吉林沙漠周边地区土壤养分和粒度特征[J].中国沙漠,2022,42(5):232-244.
[18] 梁爱民,屈建军,董治宝,等.库姆塔格沙漠沉积物粒度端元特征及其物源启示[J].中国沙漠,2020,40(2):33-42.
[19] 王佩,马倩,朱元璞,等.新疆图开沙漠灌丛沙堆和抛物线形沙丘表层沉积物粒度特征及其沉积环境[J].干旱区地理,2021,44(6):1644-1653.
[20] 毛东雷,吴云霞,蔡富艳,等.新疆策勒绿洲—沙漠过渡带灌丛沙堆与回涡沙丘的粒度分布特性[J].泥沙研究,2019,44(2):48-54.
[21] 武胜利,李志忠,焦黎,等.新疆和田河流域柽柳沙堆表面沙物质粒度特征[J].干旱区研究,2008,25(5):745-751.
[21] 李志忠,武胜利,肖晨曦,等.新疆和田河流域灌丛沙堆风洞流场的试验研究(Ⅰ)[J].中国沙漠,2007,27(1):9-14.
[23] 李志忠,武胜利,肖晨曦,等.新疆和田河流域灌丛沙堆风洞流场的试验研究(Ⅱ)[J].中国沙漠,2007,27(1):15-19.
[24] 李艳红,徐莉,陈成贺日,等.新疆罗布泊湖盆沉积物剖面粒度与磁学特征及沉积环境[J].地质通报,2014,33(10):1507-1513.
[25] 孔凡彪,陈海涛,徐树建,等.山东章丘黄土粒度指示的粉尘堆积过程及古气候意义[J].地理科学,2021,76(5):1163-1176.
[26] 朱元璞,马倩,吉小芳.新疆塔克尔莫乎尔沙漠表层沉积物磁化率特征及环境意义[J].干旱区资源与环境,2020,34(6):124-130.
[27] 毛东雷,蔡富艳,方登先,等.新疆策勒绿洲—沙漠过渡带风沙运动沙尘物质粒径分形特征[J].土壤学报,2018,55(1):88-99.
[28] 杨佐涛.戈壁与绿洲内的风向风速关系:以新疆策勒县为例[J].中国沙漠,1990,10(3):33-39.
[29] Folk R L, Ward W C. Brazos River bar:A study in the significance of grain size parameters[J]. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 1957,27(1):3-26.
[30] Udden J A. Mechanical composition of clastic sediments[J]. Bulletin of the Geological Society of America, 1914,25(1):655-744.
[31] Wentworth C K. A scale of grade and class terms for clastic sediments[J]. Journal of Geology, 1922,30(1):377-392.
[32] 安庆,安萍,徐汝汝,等.青藏高原不同地区沉积物的粒度特征与沉积环境判别公式适用性对比研究[J].聊城大学学报:自然科学版,2017,30(4):37-47.
备注/Memo
收稿日期:2022-03-31 修回日期:2022-04-20
资助项目:教育部人文社会科学研究规划资助项目(18YJAZH064); 新疆师范大学人文社会科学重点研究基地丝绸之路经济带城市发展研究中心招标项目(XJNURWJD2019A06); 新疆师范大学“十三五”校级重点学科地理学招标项目(17SDKD0701); 新时代党的治疆方略与实践研究课题(2021ZJFLY36)
第一作者:何强强(1994—),男,甘肃定西人,硕士研究生,主要从事风沙地貌研究。E-mail:1939886700@qq.com
通信作者:毛东雷(1975—),男,新疆石河子人,教授,博士,主要从事风沙地貌及荒漠化防治研究。E-mail:donglei6325@sina.com