ZHU Ruipeng,LIU Dianjun,ZHANG Shihao,et al.Characteristics of Runoff and Sediment Yield in Different Land Use Types in Hilly and Gully Region of the Loess Plateau[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2022,29(04):10-17.
黄土丘陵沟壑区不同土地利用类型水土流失效应
- Title:
- Characteristics of Runoff and Sediment Yield in Different Land Use Types in Hilly and Gully Region of the Loess Plateau
- 文章编号:
- 1005-3409(2022)04-0010-08
- Keywords:
- soil and water conservation; slope runoff; Loess Plateau; vegetation restoration; runoff reduction benefit; sediment reduction benefit
- 分类号:
- S157.2
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 为了探究黄土丘陵沟壑小流域不同类型植被措施的水土保持效益,以地处黄河中游内蒙古段的圪坨店小流域为研究区,建立6个投影面积为5 m×20 m的径流监测小区,基于野外径流小区定位监测和降雨监测数据,分析不同年份降水特征和坡面不同土地利用类型(油松、沙棘、人工草地、天然草地、农田)对产流产沙的影响,并设置裸地径流小区作为对照,采用不同土地利用类型径流系数和单位面积侵蚀量与裸地的比值表征减流减沙效益。结果表明:研究时段(2014—2017年)内,降水集中分布在6—9月。不同土地利用类型的径流量和泥沙量差异显著(p<0.05),径流量最小的是油松林地,为(4.55±3.25)L; 径流量最大的是裸地,为(412.73±97.09)L。不同土地利用类型径流量具体表现为:裸地>农田(玉米)>天然草地(针茅)>人工草地(苜蓿)>沙棘>油松林。泥沙量观测结果与径流量类似,最小的是油松林,为(0.8±0.38)g/L; 最大的是裸地,为(87.36±15.37)g/L。不同土地利用类型径流系数和侵蚀模数差异显著(p<0.05),其中,农田径流系数最高,为12.26%±1.27%,油松林径流系数最低,为0.09%±0.06%,不同土地利用类型径流系数具体表现为:农田>天然草地>人工草地>沙棘>油松林地。同样的,油松侵蚀模数最低,是(0.002±0.001)kg/(m2·a),农田侵蚀模数最高,为(1.49±0.71)kg/(m2·a)。观测时段内,不同土地利用类型侵蚀模数与径流系数表现一致。综上所述,植被恢复能有效控制水土流失,不同植被措施的减流减沙效益有显著差异,具体表现为:油松>沙棘>人工草地>天然草地>农田。研究结果可为黄河中游内蒙古段植被恢复流域综合治理提供依据。
- Abstract:
- In order to study the different soil and water conservation benefits of different land use types in the Loess hilly watershed, Getuodian watershed which is located in the Inner Mongolia section of the middle reaches of the Yellow River was used as study site. Soil erosion characteristics of six land use types, including forestland(pinus tabuliformis), sea-buckthorn(Hippophae rhamnoides), artificial grassland(Medicago arabica), natural grassland(Stipa capillata)and farmland(Zea mays)were analyzed based on long term in-situ field monitoring. Meanwhile, the bare land was used as control, the runoff coefficient and the ratio of erosion modulus to bare land were calculated as the benefits of runoff and sediment reduction of different land use types. Based on the long-term monitoring data, the results showed that the precipitation during the study period(2014—2017)concentrated from June to September; runoff volume and sediment amount exhibited significant differences among different land use types(p<0.05); forestland had the lowest runoff volume [(4.55±3.25)L] whereas bare land had the highest [(412.73±97.09)L]; the results of sediment amount are consistent with runoff, bare land generated the highest sediment amount with(87.36±15.37)g/L, and forestland yielded the lowest sediment amount with(0.8±0.38)g/L; the runoff coefficient and erosion modulus of different land use types showed significantly different; the highest and lowest runoff coefficients were observed in farmland and forest forestland, which were 12.26%±1.27% and 0.09%±0.06%, respectively; the runoff coefficients of different land use types decreased in the order: farmland>natural grassland>artificial grassland>sea-buckthorn>forestland; similarly, the erosion modulus of forestland showed the lowest [(0.002±0.001)kg/(m2·a)] whereas farmland had the highest [(1.49±0.71)kg/(m2·a)]; the erosion modulus was consistent with the runoff coefficient. These results show that vegetation restoration can prevent soil erosion and the different land use types have different soil and water conservation benefits. The benefits of different land use types increased in the order: natural grassland<artificial grassland<sea-buckthorn<forestland. These results can provide the basis for the vegetation restoration and comprehensive watershed management in the Inner Mongolia section of the middle reaches of the Yellow River.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2021-11-10 修回日期:2021-12-23
资助项目:国家自然科学基金(42177310); 内蒙古自治区水利科技重大专项(213-03-10-303002-NSK2017-M2)
第一作者:朱锐鹏(1998—),男,新疆乌鲁木齐人,硕士研究生,主要从事植被恢复的生态效应研究。E-mail:zrp13325573156@163.com
通信作者:于洋(1985—),男,河北承德人,博士,副教授,主要从事植被恢复与流域治理研究。E-mail:theodoreyy@gmail.com