[1]尹志荣,雷金银,赵 营,等.滴灌灌水量对枸杞土壤水分及养分迁移特征的影响[J].水土保持研究,2021,28(04):62-69.
　YIN Zhirong,LEI Jinyin,ZHAO Ying,et al.Effects of Drip Irrigation Amounts on Characteristics of Moisture and Nutrient Transfer in Soil in the Lycium barbarum Field[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2021,28(04):62-69.
点击复制

滴灌灌水量对枸杞土壤水分及养分迁移特征的影响

《水土保持研究》[ISSN:1005-3409/CN:61-1272/P] 卷: 28 期数: 2021年04期 页码: 62-69 栏目: 出版日期: 2021-08-10
Title:
Effects of Drip Irrigation Amounts on Characteristics of Moisture and Nutrient Transfer in Soil in the Lycium barbarum Field
文章编号:
1005-3409(2021)04-0062-08
作者:
尹志荣, 雷金银, 赵 营, 桂林国, 黄建成
(宁夏农林科学院 农业资源与环境研究所, 银川 750002)
Author(s):
YIN Zhirong, LEI Jinyin, ZHAO Ying, GUI Linguo, HUANG Jiancheng
(Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan 750002, China)
关键词:
滴灌量;  枸杞;  土壤水分;  土壤速效养分
Keywords:
drip irrigation amount;  Lycium barbarum;  soil moisture;  soil available nutrient
分类号:
S157.6
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
为探讨不同滴灌条件下枸杞园土壤水分及养分迁移的规律,采用田间试验研究了5个滴灌量水平(W1为5100m3/hm2,W2为4350m3/hm2,W3为3600m3/hm2,W4为2850m3/hm2,W5为2100m3/hm2)对枸杞土壤水分及养分迁移特征的影响。结果表明:枸杞园土壤水分变化主要集中在20—60cm土层,灌水后1～5d,0—20cm土层含水量随着灌水量的减少而增加,而20—40cm及40—60cm土层含水量为先减少后增加,当灌水量减少到一定程度时(低于2100m3/hm2),各土层含水量下降。同时,不同处理土壤含水量随土层深度而逐渐增加。土壤养分迁移主要发生在0—40cm土层,灌水后碱解氮向深层土壤的迁移量逐渐减小。灌水后不同处理有效磷在土壤剖面的分布趋势基本一致,主要富集在0—20cm土层,其含量为90～200mg/kg。土壤速效钾含量呈波动性变化,随枸杞生育期延长其含量逐渐降低。与常规滴灌量相比,W4处理增加了土壤含水量,但W2,W5处理下土壤含水量降低,减缓了土壤速效养分向深层迁移,提高根层养分的吸收利用,有利于枸杞产量和品质的改善。可见,关键生育期调控灌溉可以作为调节土壤水分分布及土壤速效养分迁移转化的有效方式。
Abstract:
In order to investigate the characteristics of soil moisture and nutrient transfer under different irrigation amounts conditions in the Lycium barbarum field, a field experiment was conducted to study the effects of five drip irrigation amounts(W1, 5 100 m3/hm2; W2, 4 350 m3/hm2; W3, 3 600 m3/hm2; W4,2 850 m3/hm2; W5,2 100 m3/hm2)on soil moisture and nutrient transfer in the Lycium barbarum field. The results showed that soil moisture changed dramatically in 20—60 cm soil depth in the Lycium barbarum field; soil moisture of 0—20 cm increased with the decrease of irrigation amounts, however, soil moisture decreased first and then increased in soil depth of 20—40 cm and 40—60 cm after drip irrigation from 1～5 d; the soil moisture in each soil depths began to decrease while the irrigation amount was reduced to a certain level(2 100 m3/hm2); meanwhile, the soil moisture in different treatments gradually increased with the soil depth; transfer of soil available nutrients was mainly found in 0—40 cm soil depth, and soil alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen leaching to the deep soil depth was less after drip irrigation; distribution of soil available phosphorus was very similar in the soil depth in different treatments after drip irrigation, and that was accumulated in soil of 0—20 cm with contents of 90～200 mg/kg; soil available potassium contents fluctuated, and that gradually decreased with the growing stages of Lycium barbarum; in contrast to conventional irrigation (W1), soil moisture increased in treatment of W4, but it decreased in treatments of W2 and W5, which retarded soil available nutrient leaching to deep soil depth, improved nutrient uptake and utilization in the root zone, and was beneficial to improve the yield and quality of Lycium barbarum. Therefore, regulating irrigation during key growth periods could be applied to regulate the distribution of soil water and the migration and transfer of soil available nutrients.

参考文献/References:

[1] 段爱旺,信乃诠,王立祥.西北地区灌溉农业的节水潜力及其开发[J].中国农业科技导报,2002,4(4):50-55.
[2] 赵营,罗建航,陈晓群,等.宁夏枸杞园土壤养分资源与枸杞根系形态调查[J].干旱地区农业研究,2008,26(1):47-50,57.
[3] 纳小凡,郑国琦,彭励,等.种植年限对宁夏枸杞园土壤微生物群落特征的影响[J].土壤学报,2016,53(1):238-249.
[4] 安巍,赵建华,尹跃,等.枸杞种质资源研究现状及发展方向[J].宁夏农林科技,2019,60(9):49-50,99.
[5] 尹跃,赵建华,安巍,等.利用SSR标记构建枸杞品种分子身份证[J].生物技术通报,2018,34(9):195-201.
[6] 李健,王锦秀,王立英,等.无籽枸杞新品种选育研究[J].西北植物学报,2001,21(3):446-450.
[7] 王凤宝,董立峰,付金峰,等.枸杞混倍体中草药饲草型新品种天精1号选育研究[J].草业学报,2011,20(2):140-146.
[8] 郑国琦,许兴,徐兆桢,等.盐胁迫对枸杞光合作用的气孔与非气孔限制[J].西北植物学报,2002,22(6):1355-1359.
[9] 惠红霞,许兴,李守明.宁夏干旱地区盐胁迫下枸杞光合生理特性及耐盐性研究[J].中国农学通报,2002,18(5):29-34.
[10] 韦素贞,张好强,胡文涛,等. AM真菌和施钾对宁夏枸杞响应干旱胁迫的交互影响[J].西北林学院学报,2016,31(5):165-170.
[11] 李捷,崔永涛,柏延文,等.两种枸杞对干旱胁迫的生理响应及干旱性评价[J].甘肃农业大学学报,2019,54(5):79-87.
[12] 张满效,陈拓,肖雯,等.不同盐碱环境中宁夏枸杞叶生理特征和RAPD分析[J].中国沙漠,2005,25(3):391-396.
[13] 李菁菁,罗琼,严峻,等.枸杞多糖对糖尿病肾病兔肾功能及MCP-1、ICAM-1 mRNA表达的影响[J].营养学报,2015,37(1):32-36,40.
[14] 卢有媛,郭盛,张芳,等.枸杞属药用植物资源系统利用与产业化开发[J].中国现代中药,2019,21(1):29-36.
[15] 张俊华,张翼,李明.药用植物宁夏枸杞(Lycium barbarum L.)土壤细菌群落演替特征[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2017,23(3):686-695.
[16] 朱金霞,张源沛,郑国保,等.不同灌水量对枸杞光合特性和产量的影响[J].节水灌溉,2012(1):28-30,33.
[17] 康超,杨柳,王昊,等.滴灌条件下不同氮磷耦合对叶用枸杞产量及其构成的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2018,37(11):26-30.
[18] 张源沛,郑国保,孔德杰,等.不同灌水量对枸杞土壤水分动态及蒸散耗水规律的影响[J].中国农学通报,2011,27(31):64-67.
[19] 耿生莲.不同土壤水分下黑果枸杞生理特点分析[J].西北林学院学报,2012,27(1):6-10.
[20] 郑国琦,张磊,郑国保,等.不同灌水量对干旱区枸杞叶片结构、光合生理参数和产量的影响[J].应用生态学报,2010,21(11):2806-2813.
[21] 曾晓春,李维华,强生才,等.秸秆覆盖和灌水量对枸杞生长和水分利用效率的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2013,31(3):61-65.
[22] 郑艳军,尹娟,尹亮,等.不同灌水处理对枸杞产量和品质的影响[J].节水灌溉,2017(9):28-32.
[23] 郑国保,张彦红,张源沛,等.不同灌水量对干旱区枸杞水分利用效率及产量和品质的影响[J].新疆农业科学,2018,55(12):2212-2219.
[24] 胥生荣,张恩和,马瑞丽,等.干旱胁迫及复水对耐旱枸杞水力学特性的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2017,25(8):1190-1197.
[25] 宋仰超,陈小莉,任小龙,等.调亏灌溉与减氮施肥对枸杞生长及产量的影响[J].西北农业学报,2019,28(10):1666-1673.
[26] 张树兰,同延安,梁东丽,等.氮肥用量及施用时间对土体中硝态氮移动的影响[J].土壤学报,2004,41(2):270-277.
[27] 项大力,杨学云,孙本华,等.灌溉水平对壤土磷素淋失的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2016,16(1):112-117.
[28] 史宏志,髙卫锴,常思敏,等.微喷灌水定额对烟田土壤物理性质和养分运移的影响[J].河南农业大学学报,2009,43(5):485-490.
[29] 谷秋荣,杨占平,王秋杰,等.不同灌水量对土壤氮磷钾养分移动的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2002,20(4):30-33.
[30] 苏雪玲,郑国琦,刘根红,等.盐碱地采果期土壤水分对宁夏枸杞品质的影响[J].西北农业学报,2015,24(11):126-132.
[31] 王超,李援农.地下滴灌土壤水分运移分布规律试验研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2011,30(1):136-138.
[32] 安焕霞,王占林,贺康宁.不同土壤水分条件下北方枸杞抗旱性分析[J].北方园艺,2015(11):149-151.
[33] 郭全忠.不同灌水量对设施番茄土壤养分和水分在土壤剖面中迁移的影响[J].西北农业学报,2013,22(4):153-158.
[34] 宋丽华,高彬.持续干旱胁迫对中宁枸杞水分生理的影响[J].西北林学院学报,2010,25(3):15-19.
[35] 朱靖蓉,杨涛,王斌,等.干旱区不同灌溉量下棉田土壤碱解氮剖面分布[J].新疆农业科学,2011,48(4):696-701.
[36] 王耀生,张玉龙,虞娜,等.渗灌灌水控制下限对保护地土壤剖面磷素分布的影响[J].农业工程学报,2009,25(6):66-70.
[37] 董业雯,田晓燕,裴帅,等.不同灌水量对风沙土葡萄园土壤全磷、速效磷淋洗作用的影响[J].北方园艺,2017(13):63-68.
[38] 冯小明,樊贵盛.引洪灌溉对土壤中速效钾的影响[J].太原理工大学学报,2006,37(2):209-212.

相似文献/References:

[1]张永强,张娜,李亚杰,等.滴灌量对北疆复播大豆耗水特性及干物质积累、转运的影响[J].水土保持研究,2016,23(02):111.
　ZHANG Yongqiang,ZHANG Na,LI Yajie,et al.Effect of Drip Irrigation Amount on Water Consumption Characteristics and Dry Matter Accumulation and Transformation of Summer Soybean in North Xinjiang[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2016,23(04):111.
[2]张娜,张永强,仵妮平,等.滴灌量对冬小麦籽粒灌浆特性的影响研究[J].水土保持研究,2015,22(05):271.
　ZHANG Na,ZHANG Yongqiang,WU Niping,et al.Study on the Grain Filling Characteristic of Winter Wheat Under Different Amounts of Drip Irrigation[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2015,22(04):271.

备注/Memo

收稿日期:2020-08-13 修回日期:2020-09-11
资助项目:宁夏农林科学院科技创新先导资金项目“枸杞品种耐旱节水响应机理与评价”(NKYQ1501)
第一作者:尹志荣(1982—),女,宁夏吴忠人,硕士,助理研究员,主要从事旱作节水方面研究。E-mail:yinzhirong1982129@126.com

更新日期/Last Update: 2021-08-20