WANG Yaqin,FAN Wenbo,XU Zhongyu,et al.Spatiotemporal Variation Characteristics of Erosivity of Wind Erosion Climate in Xinjiang in Recent 50 Years[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2021,28(04):22-28.
近50年新疆地区风蚀气候侵蚀力时空变化特征分析
- Title:
- Spatiotemporal Variation Characteristics of Erosivity of Wind Erosion Climate in Xinjiang in Recent 50 Years
- 文章编号:
- 1005-3409(2021)04-0022-07
- Keywords:
- Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region; climatic factors of wind erosion; spatiotemporal variation
- 分类号:
- S157.1
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 为了评价新疆地区潜在风蚀能力及沙漠化演化特征,利用新疆地区41个地面气象站点的观测资料,计算了1969—2019年新疆地区的风蚀气候侵蚀力。采用气候倾向率、Mann-Kendall(M-K)检验、地统计学分析等方法,探讨了该地区风蚀气候侵蚀力的时空变化特征及突变性。结果表明:(1)近50 a新疆全区风蚀气候侵蚀力呈显著的波动式下降趋势(p<0.01),年递减速率为1.14,不同区域C值变化特征不同,北疆和南疆地区的C值均在2012年左右出现回升趋势。(2)C值具有明显的季节性,春季最高,夏季次之,冬季最低,最小值出现在1月,5月达到最大值。(3)全区风蚀气候因子指数总体呈现从东向西递减,从南向北递增的空间格局,随着时间推移,全区风蚀等级均有所下降,极重侵蚀区范围不断缩小,仅分布在阿拉山口和准东地区与吐哈盆地交界处。(4)新疆地区的C值在1993年开始突变,同年进入显著下降趋势; 南疆和北疆地区的C值分别在1975年和1998年开始突变,且分别在1976年和2006年进入显著下降趋势; 东疆地区的C值在1979年以后显著下降,无突变。总体来看,全疆风蚀范围较广,以微度或轻度侵蚀为主,极重度风蚀区的风速明显高于其他地区,说明风蚀气候侵蚀力的大小与风速有明显的关系。
- Abstract:
- In order to evaluate the potential wind erosion capacity and the evolutionary characteristics of desertification in Xinjiang, we calculated the wind erosion climatic erosion force in Xinjiang from 1969 to 2019 using observations from 41 ground-based meteorological stations in the Xinjiang. The spatial-temporal characteristics of erosivity of wind erosion climate in Xinjiang were discussed by means of climate tendency rate, Mann Kendall(M-K)test and geostatistical analysis. The results show that:(1)in recent 50 years, the erosivity of wind erosion climate in Xinjiang showed a significant fluctuating downward trend(p<0.01), the decreasing rate was 1.14 per year, and the C values in different regions were different; the C values in northern and southern Xinjiang showed a rising trend around 2012;(2)C value had obvious seasonal characteristics, the highest value showed in spring, the higher value in summer, the lowest value in winter, the minimum value appeared in January and reached the maximum value in May;(3)the wind erosion climate factor index in the whole region showed a spatial pattern of decreasing from east to west and increasing from south to north; with the passage of time, the grade of wind erosion in the whole region had decreased, and the scope of extremely heavy erosion area shrinked, only distributed in Alashankou, junction between Zhundong area and Turpan-Hami basin;(4)the climatic factors of wind erosion in Xinjiang began to change in 1993, and entered a significant downward trend in the same year; they began to mutate in southern and northern Xinjiang in 1975 and 1998, respectively, and entered a significant downward trend in 1976 and 2006, respectively, and decreased significantly in eastern Xinjiang after 1979 without mutation. In general, wind erosion widespread throughout the territory and was dominated by slight or mild erosion. The wind speed in the area of very heavy wind erosion was significantly higher than that in other areas, indicating that there was an obvious relationship between the magnitude of wind erosion climate erosion force and wind speed.
参考文献/References:
[1] Sharratt B S, Tatarko J, Abatzoglou J T, et al. Implications of climate change on wind erosion of agricultural lands in the Columbia plateau[J]. Weather and Climate Extremes, 2015,10:20-31.[2] Lou J P, Wang X M, Cai D W. Spatial and temporal variation of wind erosion climatic erosivity and its response to ENSO in the Otindag Desert, China[J]. Atmosphere, 2019,10(10):614-628[3] Yang F B, Lu C H. Assessing changes in wind erosion climatic erosivity in China's dryland region during 1961—2012[J]. Journal of Geographical Sciences, 2016,26(9):1263-1276.[4] Ge Q S, Wang H J, Dai J H. Shifts in spring phenophases, frost events and frost risk for woody plants in temperate China[J]. Climate Research, 2013,57(3):249-258.[5] Yue S P, Yang R X, Yan Y C, et al. Spatial and temporal variations of wind erosion climatic erosivity in the farming-pastoral zone of Northern China[J]. Springer Vienna, 2019,135(3):1339-1348.[6] Chepil W S, Siddoway F H, Armbrust D V. Climatic factor for estimating wind erodibility fields [J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 1962,17(4):162-165.[7] 董玉祥,康国定.中国干旱半干旱地区风蚀气候侵蚀力的计算与分析[J].水土保持学报,1994,8(3):1-7.[8] 方祖光,谢皎如.福建沿海地区干燥度和风蚀气候侵蚀力的计算与分析[J].福建师范大学学报:自然科学版,1997,13(3):96-103.[9] 吴成永,陈克龙,曹广超,等.近30年来青海省风蚀气候侵蚀力时空差异及驱动力分析[J].地理研究,2018,37(4):717-730.[10] 祁栋林,韩廷芳,赵全宁,等.青海省冬春季风蚀气候侵蚀力和起沙风日数的区域变化差异特征[J].水土保持研究,2019,26(2):23-30,36.[11] 任景全,郭春明,李建平,等.气候变化背景下吉林省风蚀气候侵蚀力时空特征[J].水土保持研究,2017,24(6):233-237.[12] 邹春霞,申向东,李夏子,等.内蒙古阴山北麓农牧交错带风蚀气候侵蚀力特征[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2011,41(4):1172-1178.[13] 牛清河,屈建军,安志山.甘肃敦煌雅丹地质公园区风蚀气候侵蚀力特征[J].中国沙漠,2017,37(6):1066-1070.[14] 杨兴华,何清,李红军,等.塔里木盆地风蚀气候侵蚀力的计算与分析[J].中国沙漠,2012,32(4):990-995.[15] 王勇,沙依然.新疆荒漠化动态变化分析[J].新疆农垦科技,2019,42(8):37-39.[16] FAO.A Provisional Methodology for Soil Degradation Assessment[M].Rome:FAO,1979.[17] 魏凤英.现代气候统计诊断与预测技术[M].北京:气象出版社,1999.[18] 张扬,楚新正,杨少敏,等.近56 a新疆北部地区气候变化特征[J].干旱区研究,2019,36(1):212-219.[19] 韩柳,王静璞,王光镇,等.中国北方风蚀区风速变化时空特征分析[J].干旱区地理,2018,41(5):963-971.[20] 李达净,许端阳,丁雪,等.1981—2010年中国北方风蚀气候侵蚀力演变与植被动态响应[J].水土保持研究,2018,25(2):15-20.[21] 郭鹏程,包安明,陈曦,等.1960—2006年艾比湖流域冷暖季气候状况分析[J].自然资源学报,2012,27(1):132-142.[22] 李珍,姜逢清.1961—2004年新疆气候突变分析[J].冰川冻土,2007,29(3):351-359.[23] 魏文寿,高卫东,史玉光,等.新疆地区气候与环境变化对沙尘暴的影响研究[J].干旱区地理,2004,27(2):137-141.[24] 汉瑞英,赵志平,肖能文,等.2000—2015年新疆南部地区土地利用/覆被变化及其驱动力分析[J].科技通报,2020,36(2):24-31.
相似文献/References:
[1]塔义尔·肉孜,塔世根·加帕尔.新疆水资源与生态环境建设[J].水土保持研究,2002,9(01):22.
TAYIER·Rouzi,TAXKIN·Japar.Water Resources Exploitation and Ecological Environment Construction of Xinjiang[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2002,9(04):22.
[2]张玉进,刘玉甫,吴健军,等.新疆水资源分布及绿洲水资源开发利用探讨[J].水土保持研究,2004,11(03):157.
ZHANG Yu-jin,LIU Yu-fu,WU Jian-jun,et al.Study of Water Resource Distribution and Oasis Water Resource Exploitation in Xinjiang[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2004,11(04):157.
[3]黄宗亮,马倩,杨龙,等.新疆小城镇建设与区域可持续发展[J].水土保持研究,2005,12(02):178.
HUANG Zong-liang,MA Qian,YANG Long,et al.Construction of Small Town and Regional Sustainable Development of Xinjiang[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2005,12(04):178.
[4]蒋海云,许模,魏云杰.新疆某竖井排灌工程经济效益分析[J].水土保持研究,2006,13(02):32.
JIANG Hai-yun,XU Mo,WEI Yun-jie.The Economic Effects Analysis of a Certain Shaft Irrigation and Drainage Project in Xinjiang[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2006,13(04):32.
[5]杨燕玲.新疆各地州市土地利用变化及驱动力分析[J].水土保持研究,2006,13(05):166.
YANG Yan-ling.Analysis on Land Use Change and Driving Force in Every Prefecture and City of Xinjing[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2006,13(04):166.
[6]杨龙,何清,贾春光.新疆沙尘暴气象灾害演变研究[J].水土保持研究,2006,13(05):212.
YANG Long,HE Qing,JIA Chun-guang.Study on the Meteorology Disaster of Sand Storm Evolution in Xinjiang[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2006,13(04):212.
[7]刘新平,吕晓,罗桥顺.1996-2005年新疆耕地数量变化分析[J].水土保持研究,2008,15(01):128.
LIU Xin-ping,LÜ,Xiao,et al.Analysis of Cultivated Land Change in Xinjiang from 1996 to 2005[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2008,15(04):128.
[8]何䶮,傅德平,赵志敏,等.基于GIS的新疆降水空间插值方法分析[J].水土保持研究,2008,15(06):35.
HE Yan,FU De-ping,ZHAO Zhi-min,et al.Analysis of Spatial Interpolation Methods to Precipitation Based on GIS in Xinjiang[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2008,15(04):35.
[9]陆智,刘志辉,闫彦.新疆融雪洪水特征分析及防洪措施研究[J].水土保持研究,2007,14(06):216.
LU Zhi,LIU Zhi-hui,YAN Yan.Features of Snowmelt Flood and Control Measures in Xinjiang[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2007,14(04):216.
[10]王逸群.新疆伊犁湿地资源现状与生态环境评价[J].水土保持研究,2006,13(06):314.
WANG Yi-qun.Resource Present Conditions and Ecology Environment Evaluation for Wetland in Yili, Xinjiang[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2006,13(04):314.
备注/Memo
收稿日期:2020-08-07 修回日期:2020-09-02资助项目:国家自然科学基金(51569028); 中国工程院咨询研究项目(2018-XY-36-2)第一作者:王雅琴(1997—),女,甘肃金昌人,硕士研究生,研究方向为区域土壤风蚀研究。E-mail:1565266581@qq.com通信作者:范文波(1975—),男,宁夏吴忠人,教授,博士,主要从事农田水利工程与水土保持研究。E-mail:fwb205@163.com