WANG Suiji,LIU Wei,YAN Ming,et al.Stepped Changes in Suspended Sediment Transport Efficiency and Discharge Ratio and the Main Causes in the Lower Reaches of Yellow River[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2020,27(02):104-111.
黄河下游汛期输沙效率和排沙比阶段性变化及其主控因素分析
- Title:
- Stepped Changes in Suspended Sediment Transport Efficiency and Discharge Ratio and the Main Causes in the Lower Reaches of Yellow River
- 文章编号:
- 1005-3409(2020)02-0104-08
- Keywords:
- suspended sediment transport efficiency; suspended sediment discharge ratio; the lower reaches of Yellow River
- 分类号:
- TV141.3
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 为了揭示黄河下游河道泥沙冲淤变化趋势及其主要影响因素,以黄河下游花园口站和利津站1960年以来的实测水沙数据为基础,利用双累积曲线方法分析了汛期断面水沙关系的阶段性变化特征,进而利用线性回归分析法获得了各阶段汛期断面径流输沙效率和汛期河段排沙比数值。结果表明:自1960年以来黄河下游汛期断面径流输沙效率明显存在着大小交替的5个不同变化阶段(1960—1965年、1966—1981年、1982—1987年、1988—1999年、2000—2015年),花园口和利津断面汛期的平均径流输沙效率值在这5个时期分别为2.1,4.3,2.6,4.1,0.8 t/100 m3,而同期花园口至利津河段的排沙比分别为1.34,0.78,1.01,0.62,1.48。汛期河道断面输沙效率和河段排沙比交替性阶段变化揭示了该河段河道冲淤演变的本质特征。黄河流域的气候变化和水土保持措施仅会引起产水产沙量的变化,对黄河下游汛期输沙效率和排沙比影响有限,而不同时期黄河主河道大型水库的建成及其运行方式,则是其变化的主控因素。此外,1988—1999年中上游淤地坝的自然毁损对黄河下游同期的输沙效率和排沙比的变化影响显著。
- Abstract:
- The purpose of this paper is to reveal the change trend of sediment scouring and silting and its main influencing factors in the lower reaches of Yellow River. Based on the measured data of runoff and suspended sediment load(SSL)at the Huayuankou and Lijin stations(channel cross-sections)in the lower reaches of the Yellow River since 1960, the phased variations of the runoff and SSL in flood seasons was analyzed by means of double cumulative curve analysis. By using linear regression analysis, the suspended sediment transport efficiency(SSTE)at the channel cross-sections and suspended sediment discharge ratio(SSDR)in the channel reach between the stations for flood seasons of different stages are obtained. The results showed that five different stages, 1960—1965, 1966—1981, 1982—1987, 1988—1999, and 2000—2015, appeared in the STE variations at the cross-sections since 1960, when the average SSTE of the two cross-sections was 2.1, 4.3, 2.6, 4.1, 0.8 t/100 m3, respectively, while the SSDR in the river reach from Huayuankou to Lijin stations of the lower reaches of Yellow River was 1.34, 0.78, 1.01, 0.62, 1.48, respectively; the phased variations of SSTE and SSDR in flood seasons revealed the essential characteristics of erosion and siltation evolution in this reach; the climate change and soil and water conservation measures in the Yellow River Basin just caused changes in water and sediment yield, and had a limited effect on SSTE and SSDR in the lower reaches of Yellow River during flood seasons; however, the construction and operation mode of the large reservoirs in the main river channel of the Yellow River are the main control factors on SSTE and SSDR change; in addition, the natural damages of some silt storage dams in the middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River have the significant effect on the variations of SSTE and SSDR in the lower reaches of Yellow River during the period 1988—1999.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2018-11-26 修回日期:2019-04-26 资助项目:国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0402503); 国家自然科学基金(41571005; 41271027) 第一作者:王随继(1966—),男,甘肃静宁人,博士,副研究员/岗位教授,主要从事河流沉积学、地貌学及流域地表过程研究。E-mail:wangsj@igsnrr.ac.cn