CONG Huaijun,ZHANG Zhan,XU Bin.Study on Available Potassium Contents in Soils Under Different Fertilization Conditions in Highland and Gully Region of the Loess Plateau[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2018,25(04):129-133.
黄土高原沟壑区不同施肥条件下土壤速效钾含量研究
- Title:
- Study on Available Potassium Contents in Soils Under Different Fertilization Conditions in Highland and Gully Region of the Loess Plateau
- Keywords:
- soil and water conservation; different fertilization conditions; soil available potassium; highland and gully region of the Loess Plateau
- 分类号:
- S157.4+1
- 摘要:
- 在可利用耕地资源很少的黄土高原地区，查清耕地土壤肥力，指定适合的肥料，增加土地的活力和动力，显得尤为重要。速效钾是植物需要的重要元素，更是一个衡量土壤肥力的重要指标。试验在黄土高原陕西省长武农业生态试验站模拟弃土场，设3种施肥处理：A施有机肥（羊粪），施肥量为30 000 kg/hm2；B施秸秆，施肥量为9 000 kg/hm2；C不施肥，AO（施有机肥，不种植物）、BO（施秸秆、不种植物）、CK（不施肥、不种植物）作为对照，选取了白三叶、草木樨、紫穗槐、柠条、黑麦草5种植物为试材，探究了在不同土壤速效钾处理下各植物小区0—10，10—20 cm土层的养分含量。结果表明：0—10 cm，在施肥条件下，（有机肥、秸秆）土壤速效钾含量要高于不施肥土壤含量。在不施肥条件下，所有小区土壤速效钾含量均低于空地（CK）。10—20 cm层内，在3种不同施肥条件下，各小区土壤速效钾含量基本持平，变化不大，只有在黑麦草+白三叶小区内施有机肥条件下，土壤有效钾含量较高。在不同施肥条件下，草木樨小区土壤速效钾含量比空地（CK）提高了5.14 mg/kg，增幅为3.46%。土壤速效钾含量均表现为：有机肥 > 秸秆 > 不施肥。在不施肥条件下，同样出现了平均含量低于空地的情况，这也从侧面说明了初期土壤培肥时需要补充植物生长所需的养分。在长武长期连续定位试验数据基础上，采用实地种植和长期观测相结合的研究方法，定量模拟研究了不同施肥条件下土壤速效钾含量，为该地区合理利用土壤速效钾，进行生态环境建设、土壤资源的持续高效利用和农业生产提供依据。
- Abstract:
- It is very important to check the soil fertility of cultivated land and specify the appropriate fertilizer and increase the vitality and power of the land in the Loess Plateau where the cultivated land resources are insufficient. Potassium is an important element of plant requirement, but also an important indicator of soil fertility. The experiment was conducted in the simulated spoil field at Changwu Agricultural Ecology Experimental Station in Shaanxi Province on the Loess Plateau. We set three soil fertilization treatments including A: the organic fertilizer (sheep manure) was used at the rate of 30 000 kg/hm2, B: Straw use rate is 9 000 kg/hm2, C: no fertilization, AO (organic fertilizer, no plant), BO (straw, no plant), CK (no fertilizer, no plant) as a control, Trrifolium repens, Coronilla varia, Melilotus suaveolens, Caragana korshinskii and Lolium perenne were used as test plants to study the nutrient contents of 0—10, 10—20 cm soil layers of various plant communities under different treatments. The results showed that in 0—10 cm soil available potassium (organic manure, straw) was higher than that of non-fertilized soil. Under the condition of no fertilization, the available potassium in soil in all plots was lower than CK. Under the three different fertilization conditions, the contents of available potassium in different plots were almost the same in 10—20 cm layer, and little change was found. Only in the organic fertilizer application of Lolium perenne + Trrifolium repens plot, the content of soil available potassium was higher. Under the condition of no fertilizing, the soil available potassium content in Melilotus suaveolens plot increased by 5.14 mg/kg compared with CK, an increase rate was 3.46%. Soil available potassium contents decreased in the order: organic fertilizer> straw> no fertilizer. Under the condition of no fertilization, the average content is lower than the CK, indicating that the initial soil fertilization need to supplement the nutrients needed for plant growth. Based on the long-term continuous positioning test data of Changwu, the soil available potassium content under different fertilization conditions was studied quantitatively by combination of field test and long-term observation. The soil available potassium was investigated, which can provide the bases for rational utilization of soil in this area, the sustainable and efficient use of soil resources and agricultural production.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2016-11-09;改回日期:2017-06-26。
基金项目:科技基础性工作专项“能源开发区生态系统与环境变化调查”（2014FY210130）
作者简介:从怀军(1965-),男,陕西杨凌人,硕士,工程师,主要从事土壤侵蚀与水土保持研究。E-mail:hjcong@ms.iswc.ac.cn
通讯作者:张展(1984-),男,河南濮阳人,硕士,工程师,主要从事生产建设项目水土保持方案编制、水土保持设施竣工验收、水土保持生态工程规划与设计。E-mail:155090896@qq.com