YANG Cuiping,MA Yonggang.Kinetic Characteristics of Urease in Alar Reclamation Region of the Upper Reaches of Tarim River[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2018,25(02):131-136.
塔里木河上游连作棉田土壤脲酶动力学特征与环境因子的相关分析
- Title:
- Kinetic Characteristics of Urease in Alar Reclamation Region of the Upper Reaches of Tarim River
- 分类号:
- S154
- 摘要:
- 研究土壤酶学特征的变化对于探讨人类活动对土壤生态系统的影响具有重要的意义。以阿拉尔垦区4个不同连作年限棉田为研究对象，分析了各连作年限棉田不同土层深度土壤脲酶活性、动力学以及土壤理化因子特征，研究了土壤酶动力学特征及其与理化因子的对应关系。结果表明：阿拉尔垦区不同连作年限棉田脲酶活性随土层深度逐渐减弱，随着连作年限增加，0-20 cm土层土壤脲酶活性呈先降低后升高趋势，20-50 cm和50-80 cm为先升高后降低再升高的变化规律；4个不同年限棉田土壤脲酶活性依次为：20 a棉田 > 15 a棉田 > 10 a棉田 > 5 a棉田；各连作年限棉田脲酶酶促反应总趋势为随底物浓度增高反应初速度逐渐增大。5 a，10 a，15 a，20 a棉田Vmax，Vmax/Km值表现出明显的随年限增加而呈先升高后降低的变化趋势，而Km值则显现出随连作年限增大脲酶与底物结合度越低的规律；相关性分析结果表明，Vmax与速效磷、土壤含水量正相关，与电导率负相关，Km与各土壤理化因子相关性不大，Vmax/Km与速效磷、土壤含水量、pH值均呈正相关关系。总之，土壤酶动力学特征受速效磷、土壤含水量、pH值和电导率的影响较大。
- Abstract:
- The study of changes in soil enzyme characteristics is important for exploring the effects of human activities on soil ecosystems. In this paper, we studied the soil urease activity, kinetics and soil physical and chemical factors in different soil layers of cotton fields in continuous cropping years in four different cropping years. The relationship between soil enzyme kinetics and its physicochemical factors was studied. The results showed that the urease activity of cotton field decreased gradually with the depth of soil in different continuous cropping years; with the increase of continuous cropping time, the urease activity of 0-20 cm soil layer decreased first and then increased, and the changes in the layers of 20-50 cm and 50-80 cm increased first and then increased; the soil urease activity of cotton field in four different years was decreased in the order:20 years > 15 years > 10 years > 5 years, the general trend of enzymatic reaction of urease in cotton field increased with the increase of substrate concentration; the Vmax and Vmax/Km values in the cotton field of 5 years, 10 years, 15 years, and 20 years showed the tendency of first increasing and then decreasing with the increase of the annual life, while the Km value showed the decrease of urease and substrate binding with the increase of the continuous cropping period; the correlation analysis showed that Vmax was positively correlated with available phosphorus and soil water content, negatively correlated with electric conductivity, Km had little correlation with soil physical and chemical factors, and Vmax/Km had a positive correlation with available phosphorus, soil water content and pH value. Soil enzyme kinetics characteristics are affected by available phosphorus, soil water content, pH value and electric conductivity.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2017-4-3;改回日期:2017-5-10。
基金项目:新疆自治区自然科学基金（2015211B028）；自治区青年科技创新人才培养工程（2014721037）
作者简介:杨翠萍(1965-),女,新疆乌鲁木齐人,高级经济师,主要从事新疆科技咨询和战略规划研究。E-mail:342707899@qq.com
通讯作者:马勇刚(1981-),男,河南郾城人,副研究员,主要从事干旱区生态环境研究。E-mail:thank5151@163.com