[1]张晗,赵小敏,朱美青,等.近30年南方丘陵山区耕地土壤养分时空演变特征——以江西省为例[J].水土保持研究,2018,25(02):58-65,71.
　ZHANG Han,ZHAO Xiaomin,ZHU Meiqing,et al.Characteristics of Spatiotemporal Variability of Cultivated Soil Nutrients in the Southern Hilly Area of China in the Past 30 Years—A Case Study of Jiangxi Province[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2018,25(02):58-65,71.
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近30年南方丘陵山区耕地土壤养分时空演变特征——以江西省为例

《水土保持研究》[ISSN:1005-3409/CN:61-1272/P] 卷: 25 期数: 2018年02期 页码: 58-65,71 栏目: 出版日期: 2018-04-03
Title:
Characteristics of Spatiotemporal Variability of Cultivated Soil Nutrients in the Southern Hilly Area of China in the Past 30 Years—A Case Study of Jiangxi Province
作者:
张晗1,2, 赵小敏1,3, 朱美青1,2, 欧阳真程1,2, 郭熙1,2, 匡丽花4, 叶英聪1,2, 黄聪1,2, 汪晓燕1,2, 李伟峰1,2
1. 江西农业大学 江西省鄱阳湖流域农业资源与生态重点实验室/南方粮油作物协同创新中心, 南昌 330045;
2. 江西农业大学 国土资源与环境学院, 南昌 330045;
3. 南京农业大学 公共管理学院, 南京 210095
Author(s):
ZHANG Han1,2, ZHAO Xiaomin1,3, ZHU Meiqing1,2, OUYANG Zhencheng1,2, GUO Xi1,2, KUANG Lihua4, YE Yingcong1,2, HUANG Cong1,2, WANG Xiaoyan1,2, LI Weifeng
1. Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Basin Agricultural Resources and Ecology of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Agricultural University/Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Nanchang 330045, China;
2. College of Land Resources and Environment, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China;
3. College of Public Administration, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
关键词:
耕地; 土壤养分; 空间自相关; 克里金插值; 时空变异; 江西省
Keywords:
cultivated land; soil nutrients; spatial autocorrelation; ordinary Kriging; spatiotemporal variability; Jiangxi Province
分类号:
S158.5
摘要:
为了掌握南方丘陵山区耕作土壤养分的时空演变规律，以江西省为例，利用1985年江西省第二次土壤普查数据和2012年测土配方施肥项目采集的大量耕层（0-25 cm）土壤样点数据，借助SPSS经典统计方法、ArcGIS地统计学和半方差分析技术，运用全局空间自相关（Global Moran’s I）和普通克里金（Ordinary Kriging）插值分析相结合的方法，对比分析了近30年耕地土壤全氮（TN）、全磷（TP）、全钾（TK）、有机质（SOM）和酸碱度（pH值）5种养分要素的时空变异特征。结果表明：1985-2012年，江西省耕地土壤养分存在较大的时空差异，2012年土壤养分Moran’s I指数和块金系数较1985年表现为具有较强的空间正相关集聚特性。1985年除土壤pH值符合球状模型外，其余4种养分要素属于指数模型，2012年土壤TN，TP和SOM符合球状模型，TK和pH值符合指数模型，两个时期交叉验证结果均达到显著水平。30年来，研究区耕作土壤养分有升有降，以升为主。土壤TN和SOM处于丰富级水平，其含量显著上升，平均级别分别提升了0.41，0.44个单位；TP处于中等水平，全磷水平上升较为显著，平均级别提升了0.39个单位；TK处于低量级水平，全钾含量急剧下降，平均级别降低了0.89个单位；土壤pH值处于酸性水平，pH值下降较为明显，平均级别降低了0.66个单位。近年来，由于受到人为耕作方式、施肥结构、秸秆还田、工业污染及酸性沉降物等的影响，江西省耕地土壤TN，SOM和TP含量有所提升，TK含量急剧降低，土壤严重酸化。研究结果为江西省土壤养分分区管理、精准高效施肥、土壤养分可持续利用和提升耕地质量提供基础理论和科学依据。
Abstract:
This study aimed to understand the spatialtemporal evolution patterns of cultivated soil nutrients of Jiangxi Province from 1985 to 2012. The data were obtained from the second national soil survey (SNSS) in 1985 and the soil test and fertilizer recommendation in 2012 in Jiangxi Province. Classical statistics of SPSS, geo-statistics and semi-variance function of ArcGIS were used to process data, the global Moran’s I and ordinary Kriging method were applied to analyze the characteristics of spatiotemporal variability of TN, TP, TK, SOM and pH value of the cultivated soils during the past 30 years. The results showed that there were major differences in cultivated soil nutrients of Jiangxi Province from 1985 to 2012, global Moran’s I value and Nugget/Sill of soil nutrients presented as the strong positive spatial autocorrelation in 2012 compared with that in 1985. In 1985, the variograms of cultivated soil nutrients belonged to exponential model except that soil pH value fitted the spherical model. TN, TP, and SOM fitted the spherical model in 2012, while TK and pH value fitted the exponential model. All the results of cross-validation reached significant level during the two periods. During 30 years, cultivated soil nutrient contents of study area dropped or rose, showing the dominant rise as a whole. TN and SOM were at the high levels and the increases were particularly obvious, average grades increased 0.41 and 0.44 units, respectively. TP was at the middle level and the rise was more significant, average grade increased 0.39 units. TK was at the lowest level and the increase sharply dropped, average grade decreased 0.89 units. Soil pH value was at the acid level and dropped obviously, average grade decreased 0.66 units. In recent years, the increases of TN, SOM and TP contents, the decreases of TK content and pH value should be attributed to the effects of different tillage methods and fertilization, straw returning, industrial pollution, together with acid precipitation. The results of the study can provide theoretical supports and the scientific basis for soil regionalized soil nutrient management, high efficiency fertilization, soil nutrient sustainable utilization and cultivated land quality improvement in Jiangxi Province.

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备注/Memo

收稿日期:2017-5-18;改回日期:2017-6-22。
基金项目:国家自然科学基金（41361049）；江西省自然科学资助项目（20122BAB204012）；土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室（中科院南京土壤研究所）开放课题（0812201202）
作者简介:张晗(1992-),男,江西永丰人,硕士研究生,研究方向为土地遥感与信息、土地利用规划和耕地质量监测。E-mail:zhanghan0307@163.com
通讯作者:赵小敏(1962-),男,江西上高人,教授,博导,主要从事农业遥感与信息技术、土地规划和土地资源利用等研究。E-mail:zhaoxm889@126.com

更新日期/Last Update: 1900-01-01