[1]王飞超,任宗萍,李鹏,等.模拟降雨下冻融作用对坡面侵蚀过程的影响[J].水土保持研究,2018,25(01):72-75,83.
　WANG Feichao,REN Zongping,LI Peng,et al.Effects of Freeze-Thaw on Soil Erosion and Sediment Under Simulated Rainfall[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2018,25(01):72-75,83.
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模拟降雨下冻融作用对坡面侵蚀过程的影响

《水土保持研究》[ISSN:1005-3409/CN:61-1272/P] 卷: 25 期数: 2018年01期 页码: 72-75,83 栏目: 出版日期: 2018-02-28
Title:
Effects of Freeze-Thaw on Soil Erosion and Sediment Under Simulated Rainfall
作者:
王飞超1, 任宗萍1, 李鹏1, 李占斌1,2, 王添1, 李林1, 马田田1
1. 西安理工大学 西北旱区生态水利工程国家重点实验室培育基地, 西安 710048;
2. 中国科学院 水利部 水土保持研究所 黄土高原与旱地农业国家重点实验室, 陕西 杨凌 712100
Author(s):
WANG Feichao1, REN Zongping1, LI Peng1, LI Zhanbin1,2, WANG Tian1, LI Lin1, MA Tiantian1
1. State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-hydraulic Engineering in Arid Area, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an, 710048, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
关键词:
模拟降雨; 冻融; 产流产沙; 黄土
Keywords:
simulated rainfall; freeze-thaw; runoff and sediment; loess soil
分类号:
S157.1
摘要:
为了探究降雨条件下冻融作用对坡面土壤侵蚀的影响，利用室内人工模拟降雨试验研究了未冻融及冻融2种条件下，冻融前后土壤物理性质、产流、产沙和累计产流产沙过程。结果表明：经过冻融作用后，解冻土的所需产流时间增加了24.39%。经过冻融作用后土壤容重降低了3%，孔隙度增大了2.98%，均达到显著差异水平（p < 0.01）。经过冻融作用后在前10 min内冻融坡面的产流率减小了10.59%，稳定入渗率为0.52 mm/min。冻融坡面的稳定入渗率是未冻融坡面的1.1倍。冻融坡面的产沙是未冻融坡面总产沙量的0.9倍，冻融坡面即使在较小径流下产生较大的泥沙。冻融与未冻融坡面累计侵蚀产沙量随累计径流量呈线性增加趋势，满足y=ax-b，线性方程中的参数a可以作为坡面的可蚀性指标之一。试验结果为完善冻融作用对坡面侵蚀的机理提供一定的参考价值。
Abstract:
In order to explore the effect of freeze-thaw on loess slope erosion under the condition of rainfall, the indoor rainfall simulator experiments was conducted to study the soil physical properties, runoff, sediment and runoff and sediment accumulation process before and after freeze-thaw. The results showed that:after freeze-thaw, the runoff-yielding time increased by 24.39%, the soil bulk density decreased by 3%, and the soil porosity increased by 2.98%, all were significant differences (p < 0.01); after freeze-thaw, the stable infiltration rate was 0.52 mm/min, and the runoff-yielding rate decreased by 10.59% during the first 10 minutes, the stable infiltration rate of loess slopes after freeze-thaw was 1.1 times of the slope without freeze-thaw, freeze-thaw may increase the amount of rainfall infiltration and reduce runoff. Looking from the total amount of sediment yield, the loess slope after freeze-thaw was 0.9 times of the loess slope without freeze-thaw. Larger amount of sediment was produced the under the less runoff on the loess slope after freeze-thaw. Freeze-thaw cumulative production and sediment yield appeared a liner increase with sediment concentration (y=ax-b). The parameter a in the linear equation can be used as one of the erodability indicators of the slope. The results may provide a supplement for improving the erosion mechanisms of slope soil.

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备注/Memo

收稿日期:2017-3-2;改回日期:2017-3-20。
基金项目:丹汉江水源区清洁小流域建设关键技术（2015slkj-06）；沟道工程对流域水沙变化影响及其贡献率（2016YFC0402404）
作者简介:王飞超(1986-),男,山东菏泽人,硕士研究生,主要从事土壤侵蚀与水土保持研究。E-mail:wangfeichao_0120@163.com
通讯作者:任宗萍(1982-),女,山东潍坊人,讲师,博士,主要从事土壤侵蚀与水文过程研究。E-mail:renzongping@163.com

更新日期/Last Update: 1900-01-01